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Inhibition of fatty acid synthesis (FAS) stimulates tumor cell death and reduces angiogenesis. When SH-SY5Y cells or primary neurons are exposed to hypoxia only, inhibition of FAS yields significantly enhanced cell injury. The pathophysiology of stroke, however, is not only restricted to hypoxia but also includes reoxygenation injury. Hence, an oxygen-glucose-deprivation (OGD) model with subsequent reoxygenation in both SH-SY5Y cells and primary neurons as well as a murine stroke model were used herein in order to study the role of FAS inhibition and its underlying mechanisms. SH-SY5Y cells and cortical neurons exposed to 10 h of OGD and 24 h of reoxygenation displayed prominent cell death when treated with the Acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor TOFA or the fatty acid synthase inhibitor cerulenin. Such FAS inhibition reduced the reduction potential of these cells, as indicated by increased NADH2+/NAD+ ratios under both in vitro and in vivo stroke conditions. As observed in the OGD model, FAS inhibition also resulted in increased cell death in the stroke model. Stroke mice treated with cerulenin did not only display increased brain injury but also showed reduced neurological recovery during the observation period of 4 weeks. Interestingly, cerulenin treatment enhanced endothelial cell leakage, reduced transcellular electrical resistance (TER) of the endothelium and contributed to poststroke blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. The latter was a consequence of the activated NF-κB pathway, stimulating MMP-9 and ABCB1 transporter activity on the luminal side of the endothelium. In conclusion, FAS inhibition aggravated poststroke brain injury as consequence of BBB breakdown and NF-κB-dependent inflammation.
A search has been performed for the semileptonic decays D0→K0SK−e+νe, D+→K0SK0Se+νe and D+→K+K−e+νe, using 7.9 fb−1 of e+e− annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energy s√=3.773 GeV by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider. No significant signals are observed, and upper limits are set at the 90\% confidence level of 2.13×10−5, 1.54×10−5 and 2.10×10−5 for the branching fractions of D0→K0SK−e+νe, D+→K0SK0Se+νe and D+→K+K−e+νe, respectively.
We measure the Born cross section for the reaction e+e−→ηhc from s√=4.129 to 4.600~GeV using data sets collected by the BESIII detector running at the BEPCII collider. A resonant structure in the cross section line shape near 4.200~GeV is observed with a statistical significance of 7σ. The parameters of this resonance are measured to be \MeasMass\ and \MeasWidth, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.
We present cross sections for the reaction e+e−→K0SK0L at center-of-mass energies ranging from 3.51 GeV to 4.95 GeV using data samples collected in the BESIII experiment, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 26.5 fb−1. The ratio of neutral-to-charged kaon form factors at large momentum transfers (12 GeV2<Q2<25 GeV2) is determined to be 0.21±0.01, which indicates a small but significant effect of flavor-SU(3) breaking in the kaon wave function, and consequently excludes the possibility that flavor-SU(3) breaking is the primary reason for the strong experimental violation of the pQCD prediction |F(π±)|/|F(K±)|=f2π/f2K, where F(π±) and F(K±) are the form factors, and fπ and fK are the decay constants of charged pions and kaons, respectively. We also observe a significant signal for the charmless decay ψ(3770)→K0SK0L for the first time. Within a 1σ contour of the likelihood value, the the branching fraction for ψ(3770)→K0SK0L is determined to be B=(2.63+1.40−1.59)×10−5, and the relative phase between the continuum and ψ(3770) amplitudes is ϕ=(−0.39+0.05−0.10)π. The branching fraction is in good agreement with the S- and D-wave charmonia mixing scheme proposed in the interpretation of the "ρπ puzzle" between J/ψ and ψ(3686) decays.
The cross sections of the 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜙𝜂′ process at center-of-mass energies from 3.508 to 4.951 GeV are measured with high precision using 26.1 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. The cross sections are of the order of a few picobarn and decrease as the center-of-mass energy increases as 𝑠−𝑛/2 with 𝑛=4.35±0.14. This result is in agreement with the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model prediction of 𝑛=3.5±0.9. In addition, the charmless decay 𝜓(3770)→𝜙𝜂′ is searched for by fitting the measured cross sections, yet no significant signal is observed. The upper limit of ℬ(𝜓(3770)→𝜙𝜂′) at the 90% confidence level is determined to be 2.3×10−5.
Using 2.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected with the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energy 3.773 GeV, we perform the first amplitude analysis of the decay D+ → π+π0π0 and determine the relative magnitudes and phases of different intermediate processes. The absolute branching fraction of D+ → π+π0π0 is measured to be (2.888 ± 0.058stat. ± 0.069syst.)%. The dominant intermediate processes are D+ → a1(1260)+(→ ρ+π0) and D+ → *0ρ+, with branching fractions of (8.66 ± 1.04stat. ± 1.39syst.) × 10−3 and (9.70 ± 0.81stat. ± 0.53syst.) × 10−3, respectively.
We report the measurement of the cross sections for e+e−→hadrons at center-of-mass (c.m.) energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV. We observe a new resonance R(3810) in the cross sections for the first time, and observe the R(3760) resonance with high significance in the cross sections. The R(3810) has a mass of (3804.5±0.9±0.9) ~MeV/c2, a total width of (5.4±3.5±3.2)~MeV, and an electronic partial width of (19.4±7.4±12.1)~eV. Its significance is 7.7σ. The R(3810) could be interpreted as a hadro-charmonium resonance predicted by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). In addition, we measure the mass (3751.9±3.8±2.8) ~MeV/c2, the total width (32.8±5.8±8.7)~MeV, and the electronic partial width (184±75±86)~eV with improved precision for the R(3760). Furthermore, for the R(3780) we measure the mass (3778.7±0.5±0.3) ~MeV/c2 and total width (20.3±0.8±1.7)~MeV with improved precision, and the electronic partial width (265±69±83)~eV. The R(3780) can be interpreted as the 13D1 state of charmonium. Its mass and total width differ significantly from the corresponding fitted values given by the Particle Data Group in 2022 by 7.1 and 3.2 times the uncertainties for ψ(3770), respectively. ψ(3770) has been interpreted as the 13D1 state for 45 years.
Evidence for the singly Cabibbo suppressed decay Λ+c→pπ0 is reported for the first time with a statistical significance of 3.7σ based on 6.0 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.843 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pπ0 is measured to be (1.56+0.72−0.58±0.20)×10−4. Combining with the branching fraction of Λ+c→nπ+, (6.6±1.2±0.4)×10−4, the ratio of the branching fractions Λ+c→nπ+ and Λ+c→pπ0 is calculated to be 4.2+2.2−1.9; this is an important input for the understanding of the decay mechanisms of charmed baryons. In addition, the absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pη is measured to be (1.63±0.31stat±0.11syst)×10−3, which is consistent with previous measurements.
Evidence for the singly Cabibbo suppressed decay Λ+c→pπ0 is reported for the first time with a statistical significance of 3.7σ based on 6.0 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.843 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pπ0 is measured to be (1.56+0.72−0.58±0.20)×10−4, which distinctly exceeds the upper limit measured by Belle experiment. Combining with the branching fraction of Λ+c→nπ+, (6.6±1.3)×10−4, the ratio of the branching fractions of Λ+c→nπ+ and Λ+c→pπ0 is calculated to be 3.2+2.2−1.2. As an important input for the theoretical models describing the decay mechanisms of charmed baryons, our result indicates that the non-factorizable contributions play an essential role and their interference with the factorizable contributions should not be significant. In addition, the absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pη is measured to be (1.63±0.31stat±0.11syst)×10−3, which is consistent with previous measurements.
Evidence for the singly Cabibbo suppressed decay Λ+c→pπ0 is reported for the first time with a statistical significance of 3.7σ based on 6.0 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.843 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pπ0 is measured to be (1.56+0.72−0.58±0.20)×10−4, which distinctly exceeds the upper limit measured by Belle experiment. Combining with the branching fraction of Λ+c→nπ+, (6.6±1.3)×10−4, the ratio of the branching fractions of Λ+c→nπ+ and Λ+c→pπ0 is calculated to be 3.2+2.2−1.2. As an important input for the theoretical models describing the decay mechanisms of charmed baryons, our result indicates that the non-factorizable contributions play an essential role and their interference with the factorizable contributions should not be significant. In addition, the absolute branching fraction of Λ+c→pη is measured to be (1.63±0.31stat±0.11syst)×10−3, which is consistent with previous measurements.