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Membranes are essential for life, because a cell must separate itself from the environment to keep its molecules from dissipating away and also must keep out foreign molecules that disturb them or their cell components. However, the cell must communicate with the environment and adapt to the external conditions, needs to pump in nutrients and release toxic products of its metabolism. Membrane proteins present in the membranes of the cell and cell organelles, help the cell to gather information about the environment and perform various biological processes. Membrane proteins perform a wide range of biological functions including respiration, signal transduction and transport. Despite their high importance in biological function, only few structures have been determined because of the difficulties in producing high amounts of membrane proteins and obtaining good quality crystals. This Ph. D. thesis involves the study of different kinds of cytochrome oxidases and a membrane anchored cytochrome oxidase electron donor. Though structures of many cytochrome oxidases are known to date, there exist many different types of oxidases in different organisms, which help the organism to survive under unfavorable environmental conditions. The structural differences between these terminal oxidases which make the organism to survive in extreme environments are unclear. To investigate these, structures of different types of oxidases are necessary. Therefore, we are interested in revealing the structural details of different types of oxidases. The different types of oxidase I worked with were the caa3 HiPIP:oxygen oxidoreductase from Rhodothermus marinus, the aa3-type quinol oxidase from Acidianus ambivalens and bd-type quinol oxidase from three different organisms (Escherichia coli, Bacillus thermodenitrificans and Aquifex aeolicus). Besides the protein from E. coli all other proteins are from thermophilic organisms from which the proteins obtained are generally believed to be highly stable. The presence of a high content of charged amino acids that enhances the occurrence of salt bridges contributes to the stability of thermophilic proteins. ....