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Institute
The measurement of the production of prompt D0, D+, D∗+, and D+s mesons in proton−lead (p−Pb) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sNN−−−√ = 5.02 TeV, with an integrated luminosity of 292±11 μb−1, are reported. Differential production cross sections are measured at mid-rapidity (−0.96<ycms<0.04) as a function of transverse momentum (pT) in the intervals 0<pT<36 GeV/c for D0, 1<pT<36 GeV/c for D+ and D∗+, and 2<pT<24 GeV/c for D+s mesons. For each species, the nuclear modification factor RpPb is calculated as a function of pT using a proton-proton (pp) reference measured at the same collision energy. The results are compatible with unity in the whole pT range. The average of the non-strange D mesons RpPb is compared with theoretical model predictions that include initial-state effects and parton transport model predictions. The pT dependence of the D0, D+, and D∗+ nuclear modification factors is also reported in the interval 1<pT<36 GeV/c as a function of the collision centrality, and the central-to-peripheral ratios are computed from the D-meson yields measured in different centrality classes. The results are further compared with charged-particle measurements and a similar trend is observed in all the centrality classes. The ratios of the pT-differential cross sections of D0, D+, D∗+, and D+s mesons are also reported. The D+s and D+ yields are compared as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity for several pT intervals. No modification in the relative abundances of the four species is observed with respect to pp collisions within the statistical and systematic uncertainties.
Measurement of ϒ(1S) elliptic flow at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
(2019)
The first measurement of the Υ(1S) elliptic flow coefficient (v2) is performed at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The results are obtained with the scalar product method and are reported as a function of transverse momentum (pT) up to 15 GeV/c in the 5-60% centrality interval. The measured Υ(1S) v2 is consistent with zero and with the small positive values predicted by transport models within uncertainties. The v2 coefficient in 2 < pT < 15 GeV/c is lower than that of inclusive J/ψ mesons in the same pT interval by 2.6 standard deviations. These results, combined with earlier suppression measurements, are in agreement with a scenario in which the Υ(1S) production in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies is dominated by dissociation limited to the early stage of the collision whereas in the J/ψ case there is substantial experimental evidence of an additional regeneration component.
Measurement of ϒ(1S) elliptic flow at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
(2019)
The first measurement of the Υ(1S) elliptic flow coefficient (v2) is performed at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The results are obtained with the scalar product method and are reported as a function of transverse momentum (pT) up to 15 GeV/c in the 5-60% centrality interval. The measured Υ(1S) v2 is consistent with zero and with the small positive values predicted by transport models within uncertainties. The v2 coefficient in 2 < pT < 15 GeV/c is lower than that of inclusive J/ψ mesons in the same pT interval by 2.6 standard deviations. These results, combined with earlier suppression measurements, are in agreement with a scenario in which the Υ(1S) production in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies is dominated by dissociation limited to the early stage of the collision whereas in the J/ψ case there is substantial experimental evidence of an additional regeneration component.
Measurement of ϒ(1S) elliptic flow at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
(2019)
The first measurement of the Υ(1S) elliptic flow coefficient (v2) is performed at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The results are obtained with the scalar product method and are reported as a function of transverse momentum (pT) up to 15 GeV/c in the 5-60% centrality interval. The measured Υ(1S) v2 is consistent with zero and with the small positive values predicted by transport models within uncertainties. The v2 coefficient in 2 < pT < 15 GeV/c is lower than that of inclusive J/ψ mesons in the same pT interval by 2.6 standard deviations. These results, combined with earlier suppression measurements, are in agreement with a scenario in which the Υ(1S) production in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies is dominated by dissociation limited to the early stage of the collision whereas in the J/ψ case there is substantial experimental evidence of an additional regeneration component.
An improved value for the lifetime of the (anti-)hypertriton has been obtained using the data sample of Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√= 5.02 TeV collected by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The (anti-)hypertriton has been reconstructed via its charged two-body mesonic decay channel and the lifetime has been determined from an exponential fit to the dN/d(ct) spectrum. The measured value, τ = 242+34−38 (stat.) ± 17 (syst.) ps, is compatible with all the available theoretical predictions, thus contributing to the solution of the longstanding hypertriton lifetime puzzle.
An improved value for the lifetime of the (anti-)hypertriton has been obtained using the data sample of Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√= 5.02 TeV collected by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The (anti-)hypertriton has been reconstructed via its charged two-body mesonic decay channel and the lifetime has been determined from an exponential fit to the dN/d(ct) spectrum. The measured value, τ = 242+34−38 (stat.) ± 17 (syst.) ps, is compatible with all the available theoretical predictions, thus contributing to the solution of the longstanding hypertriton lifetime puzzle.
The production rates and the transverse momentum distribution of strange hadrons at mid-rapidity ( |y |<0.5) are measured in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 13 TeV as a function of the charged particle multiplicity, using the ALICE detector at the LHC. The production rates of K0S, Λ, Ξ, and Ω increase with the multiplicity faster than what is reported for inclusive charged particles. The increase is found to be more pronounced for hadrons with a larger strangeness content. Possible auto-correlations between the charged particles and the strange hadrons are evaluated by measuring the event-activity with charged particle multiplicity estimators covering different pseudorapidity regions. When comparing to lower energy results, the yields of strange hadrons are found to depend only on the mid-rapidity charged particle multiplicity. Several features of the data are reproduced qualitatively by general purpose QCD Monte Carlo models that take into account the effect of densely-packed QCD strings in high multiplicity collisions. However, none of the tested models reproduce the data quantitatively. This work corroborates and extends the ALICE findings on strangeness production in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV.
The first measurement at the LHC of charge-dependent directed flow (v1) relative to the spectator plane is presented for Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√ = 5.02 TeV. Results are reported for charged hadrons and D0 mesons for the transverse momentum intervals pT>0.2 GeV/c and 3<pT< 6 GeV/c in the 5-40% and 10-40% centrality classes, respectively. The difference between the positively and negatively charged hadron v1 is found to have a positive slope as a function of pseudorapidity η, dΔv1/dη=[1.68 ± 0.49 (stat.) ± 0.41 (syst.)] ×10−4, with a 2.6σ significance. The same measurement for D0 and D¯0 mesons yields a positive value dΔv1/dη= [4.9 ± 1.7 (stat.) ± 0.6 (syst.)]×10−1, which is about three orders of magnitude larger than the one of the charged hadrons, and is larger than zero with significance of 2.7σ. These measurements can provide new insights into the effects of the strong electromagnetic field and the initial tilt of matter created in non-central heavy-ion collisions on the dynamics of light (u, d, and s) and heavy (c) quarks. The large difference between the observed Δv1 of charged hadrons and D0 mesons may reflect different sensitivity of the charm and light quarks to the early time dynamics of a heavy-ion collision. These observations challenge some of the recent theoretical calculations incorporating effects of the strong electromagnetic field, which predicted a negative and an order of magnitude smaller value of dΔv1/dη for both light-flavour and charmed hadrons.
Υ production in p-Pb interactions is studied at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon collision sNN−−−√ = 8.16 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The measurement is performed reconstructing bottomonium resonances via their dimuon decay channel, in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals 2.03<ycms<3.53 and −4.46<ycms<−2.96, down to zero transverse momentum. In this work, results on the inclusive Υ(1S) production cross section as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum are presented. The corresponding nuclear modification factor shows a suppression of the Υ(1S) yields with respect to pp collisions, both at forward and backward rapidity. This suppression is stronger in the low transverse momentum region and shows no significant dependence on the centrality of the interactions. Furthermore, the Υ(2S) nuclear modification factor is also evaluated, suggesting a suppression similar to that of the Υ(1S). A first measurement of the Υ(3S) has also been performed. Finally, results are compared with previous measurements performed by ALICE in p-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√ = 5.02 TeV and with theoretical calculations.