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New results on the differential cross section in deuteron-proton elastic scattering are obtained at the deuteron kinetic energy of 2.5 GeV with the HADES spectrometer. The angular range of 69° – 125° in the center of mass system is covered. The obtained results are compared with the relativistic multiple scattering model calculation using the CD-Bonn deuteron wave function. The data at fixed scattering angles in the c.m. are in qualitative agreement with the constituent counting rules prediction.
Background Vasoplegic syndrome is frequently observed during cardiac surgery and resembles a complication of high mortality and morbidity. There is a clinical need for therapy and prevention of vasoplegic syndrome during complex cardiac surgical procedures. Therefore, we investigated different strategies in a porcine model of vasoplegia.
Methods We evaluated new medical therapies and prophylaxis to avoid vasoplegic syndrome in a porcine model. After induction of anesthesia, cardiopulmonary bypass was established through median sternotomy and central cannulation. Prolonged aortic cross-clamping (120 min) simulated a complex surgical procedure. The influence of sevoflurane-guided anesthesia (sevoflurane group) and the administration of glibenclamide (glibenclamide group) were compared to a control group, which received standard anesthesia using propofol. Online hemodynamic assessment was performed using PiCCO® measurements. In addition, blood and tissue samples were taken to evaluate hemodynamic effects and the degree of inflammatory response.
Results Glibenclamide was able to break through early vasoplegic syndrome by raising the blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance as well as less need of norepinephrine doses. Sevoflurane reduced the occurrence of the vasoplegic syndrome in the mean of stable blood pressure and less need of norepinephrine doses.
Conclusion Glibenclamide could serve as a potent drug to reduce effects of vasoplegic syndrome. Sevoflurane anesthesia during cardiopulmonary bypass shows less occurrence of vasoplegic syndrome and therefore could be used to prevent it in high-risk patients.
Clinical Perspective; what is new?
* to our knowledge, this is the first randomized in vivo study evaluating the hemodynamic effects of glibenclamide after the onset of vasoplegic syndrome
* furthermore according to literature research, there is no study showing the effect of sevoflurane-guided anesthesia on the occurrence of a vasoplegic syndrome
Clinical Perspective; clinical implications?
to achieve better outcomes after complex cardiac surgery there is a need for optimized drug therapy and prevention of the vasoplegic syndrome
Purpose: To identify transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) thrombosis in abdominal CT scans applying quantitative image analysis.
Materials and methods: We retrospectively screened 184 patients to include 20 patients (male, 8; female, 12; mean age, 60.7 ± 8.87 years) with (case, n = 10) and without (control, n = 10) in-TIPS thrombosis who underwent clinically indicated contrast-enhanced and unenhanced abdominal CT followed by conventional TIPS-angiography between 08/2014 and 06/2020. First, images were scored visually. Second, region of interest (ROI) based quantitative measurements of CT attenuation were performed in the inferior vena cava (IVC), portal vein and in four TIPS locations. Minimum, maximum and average Hounsfield unit (HU) values were used as absolute and relative quantitative features. We analyzed the features with univariate testing.
Results: Subjective scores identified in-TIPS thrombosis in contrast-enhanced scans with an accuracy of 0.667 – 0.833. Patients with in-TIPS thrombosis had significantly lower average (p < 0.001), minimum (p < 0.001) and maximum HU (p = 0.043) in contrast-enhanced images. The in-TIPS / IVC ratio in contrast-enhanced images was significantly lower in patients with in-TIPS thrombosis (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found for unenhanced images. Analyzing the visually most suspicious ROI with consecutive calculation of its ratio to the IVC, all patients with a ratio < 1 suffered from in-TIPS thrombosis (p < 0.001, sensitivity and specificity = 100%).
Conclusion: Quantitative analysis of abdominal CT scans facilitates the stratification of in-TIPS thrombosis. In contrast-enhanced scans, an in-TIPS / IVC ratio < 1 could non-invasively stratify all patients with in-TIPS thrombosis.
Poster presentation: Purpose of the study To compare the lipometabolic profiles of three double-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) regimens at standard dose, containing saquinavir and ritonavir in combination with lopinavir (LOPSAQ), atazanavir (ATSAQ) or fosamprenavir (FOSAQ) in HIV-positive patients, treated without reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI). ...
We present data on charged kaons (K±) and ϕ mesons in Au(1.23A GeV)+Au collisions. It is the first simultaneous measurement of K− and ϕ mesons in central heavy-ion collisions below a kinetic beam energy of 10A GeV. The ϕ/K− multiplicity ratio is found to be surprisingly high with a value of 0.52±0.16 and shows no dependence on the centrality of the collision. Consequently, the different slopes of the K+ and K− transverse-mass spectra can be explained solely by feed-down, which substantially softens the spectra of K− mesons. Hence, in contrast to the commonly adapted argumentation in literature, the different slopes do not necessarily imply diverging freeze-out temperatures of K+ and K− mesons caused by different couplings to baryons.
The upcoming commissioning of the superconducting (SC) continuous wave Helmholtz linear accelerators first of series cryomodule is going to demand precise alignment of the four internal SC cavities and two SC solenoids. For optimal results, a beam-based alignment method is used to reduce the misalignment of the whole cryomodule, as well as its individual components. A symmetric beam of low transverse emittance is required for this method, which is to be formed by a collimation system. It consists of two separate plates with milled slits, aligned in the horizontal and vertical direction. The collimation system and alignment measurements are proposed, investigated, and realized. The complete setup of this system and its integration into the existing environment at the GSI High Charge State Injector are presented, as well as the results of the recent reference measurements.
New neutron cross section measurements of minor actinides have been performed recently in order to reduce the uncertainties in the evaluated data, which is important for the design of advanced nuclear reactors and, in particular, for determining their performance in the transmutation of nuclear waste. We have measured the 241Am(n,γ) cross section at the n_TOF facility between 0.2 eV and 10 keV with a BaF2 Total Absorption Calorimeter, and the analysis of the measurement has been recently concluded. Our results are in reasonable agreement below 20 eV with the ones published by C. Lampoudis et al. in 2013, who reported a 22% larger capture cross section up to 110 eV compared to experimental and evaluated data published before. Our results also indicate that the 241Am(n,γ) cross section is underestimated in the present evaluated libraries between 20 eV and 2 keV by 25%, on average, and up to 35% for certain evaluations and energy ranges.
The accuracy on neutron capture cross section of fissile isotopes must be improved for the design of future nuclear systems such as Gen-IV reactors and Accelerator Driven Systems. The High Priority Request List of the Nuclear Energy Agency, which lists the most important nuclear data requirements, includes also the neutron capture cross sections of fissile isotopes such as 233,235U and 239,241Pu. A specific experimental setup has been used at the CERN n_TOF facility for the measurement of the neutron capture cross section of 235U by a set of micromegas fission detectors placed inside a segmented BaF2 Total Absorption Calorimeter.
Background: Various studies have been made about the most effective and safest type of treatment for vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). Long-term results are needed for qualitative evaluation.
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) procedures for VCFs.
Materials and Methods: Forty-nine patients who received either PVP or PKP between 2002 and 2015 returned a specially developed questionnaire and were included in a cross-sectional outcome analysis. The questionnaire assessed pain development by use of a visual analog scale (VAS). Imaging data (CT scans) were retrospectively analyzed for identification of cement leakage.
Results: Patients’ VAS scores significantly decreased after treatment (7.0 ± 3.4 => 3.7 ± 3.4), (p < 0.001). The average pain reduction in patients treated with PVP was −3.3 ± 3.8 (p < 0.001) (median −3.5) and −4.0 ± 3.9 (p < 0.001) (median −4.5) in patients treated with PKP. Fifteen Patients (41.7%) receiving PVP and four patients (30.7%) receiving PKP experienced recurrence of pain. Cement leakage occurred in 10 patients (22.73%). Patients with cement leakage showed comparable VAS scores after treatment (6.8 ± 3.5 => 1.4 ± 1.6), (p = 0.008). Thirty-nine patients reported an increase in mobility (79.6%) and 41 patients an improvement in quality of life (83.7%).
Conclusion: Pain reduction by means of PVP or PKP in patients with VCFs was discernible over the period of observation. Percutaneous vertebroplasty and PKP contribute to the desired treatment results. However, the level of low pain may not remain constant.
A new technique developed for measuring nuclear reactions at low momentum transfer with stored beams in inverse kinematics was successfully used to study isoscalar giant resonances. The experiment was carried out at the experimental heavy-ion storage ring (ESR) at the GSI facility using a stored 58Ni beam at 100 MeV/u and an internal helium gas-jet target. In these measurements, inelastically scattered α-recoils at very forward center-of-mass angles (θcm ≤ 1.5°) were detected with a dedicated setup, including ultra-high vacuum compatible detectors. Experimental results indicate a dominant contribution of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance at this very forward angular range. It was found that the monopole contribution exhausts 79+12−11% of the energy-weighted sum rule (EWSR), which agrees with measurements performed in normal kinematics. This opens up the opportunity to investigate the giant resonances in a large domain of unstable and exotic nuclei in the near future. It is a fundamental milestone towards new nuclear reaction studies with stored ion beams.