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A search for a massless dark photon 𝛾′ is conducted using 4.5 fb−1 of 𝑒+𝑒− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. No significant signal is observed, and the upper limit on the branching fraction ℬ(Λ+𝑐→𝑝𝛾′) is determined to be 8.0×10−5 at 90% confidence level.
A search for a massless dark photon γ′ is conducted using 4.5 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. No significant signal is observed, and the upper limit on the branching fraction B(Λ+c→pγ′) is determined to be 8.0×10−5 at 90% confidence level.
The integrated luminosities of data samples collected in the BESIII experiment in 2016–2017 at center-of-mass energies between 4.19 and 4.28 GeV are measured with a precision better than 1% by analyzing large-angle Bhabha scattering events. The integrated luminosities of old datasets collected in 2010–2014 are updated by considering corrections related to detector performance, offsetting the effect of newly discovered readout errors in the electromagnetic calorimeter, which can haphazardly occur.
A search for a massless dark photon γ′ is conducted using 4.5 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. No significant signal is observed, and the upper limit on the branching fraction B(Λ+c→pγ′) is determined to be 8.0×10−5 at 90% confidence level.
Using a sample of (10.09 ± 0.04) × 109 J/ψ decays collected with the BESIII detector, partial wave analyses of the decay J/ψ → γK0SK0Sπ0 are performed within the K0SK0Sπ0 invariant mass region below 1.6 GeV/c2. The covariant tensor amplitude method is used in both mass independent and mass dependent approaches. Both analysis approaches exhibit dominant pseudoscalar and axial vector components, and show good consistency for the other individual components. Furthermore, the mass dependent analysis reveals that the K0SK0 Sπ0 invariant mass spectrum for the pseudoscalar component can be well described with two isoscalar resonant states using relativistic Breit-Wigner model, i.e., the η(1405) with a mass of 1391.7±0.7+11.3 −0.3 MeV/c 2 and a width of 60.8±1.2+5.5 −12.0 MeV, and the η(1475) with a mass of 1507.6±1.6+15.5−32.2 MeV/c2 and a width of 115.8±2.4 +14.8 −10.9 MeV. The first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. Alternate models for the pseudoscalar component are also tested, but the description of the K0SK0Sπ0invariant mass spectrum deteriorates significantly.
Using data samples with an integrated luminosity of 19 fb−1 at twenty-eight center-of-mass energies from 3.872 GeV to 4.700 GeV collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII electron-positron collider, the process e+e− → ηπ+π− and the intermediate process e+e− → ηρ0 are studied for the first time. The Born cross sections are measured. No significant resonance structure is observed in the cross section lineshape.
The cross sections of e+e−→K+K−J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600~GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be (4225.3±2.3±21.5) MeV and (72.9±6.1±30.8)~MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230). The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as Y(4500). Its mass and width are determined to be (4484.7±13.3±24.1) MeV and (111.1±30.1±15.2) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction Γ(Y(4230)→e+e−)B(Y(4230)→K+K−J/ψ) is reported.
Using about 23 fb−1 of data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, a precise measurement of the 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜋+𝜋−𝐽/𝜓 Born cross section is performed at center-of-mass energies from 3.7730 to 4.7008 GeV. Two structures, identified as the 𝑌(4220) and the 𝑌(4320) states, are observed in the energy-dependent cross section with a significance larger than 10𝜎. The masses and widths of the two structures are determined to be (𝑀,Γ)=(4221.4±1.5±2.0 MeV/𝑐2,41.8±2.9±2.7 MeV) and (𝑀,Γ)=(4298±12±26 MeV/𝑐2,127±17±10 MeV), respectively. A small enhancement around 4.5 GeV with a significance about 3𝜎, compatible with the 𝜓(4415), might also indicate the presence of an additional resonance in the spectrum. The inclusion of this additional contribution in the fit to the cross section affects the resonance parameters of the 𝑌(4320) state.
By analyzing e+e− annihilation data with an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 collected at the center-of-mass energy s√= 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we present the first absolute measurements of the branching fractions of twenty Cabibbo-suppressed hadronic D0(+) decays involving multiple pions. The largest four branching fractions obtained are B(D0→π+π−π0) = >(1.343±0.013stat±0.016syst)%, B(D0→π+π−2π0) = (0.998±0.019stat±0.024syst)%, B(D+→2π+π−π0)
(1.174±0.021stat±0.021syst)%, and B(D+→2π+π−2π0) = (1.074±0.040stat±0.030syst)%. The CP asymmetries for the six decays with highest event yields are also determined.
A measurement of the CP-even fraction of the decay D0→π+π−π+π− is performed with a quantum-correlated ψ(3770)→DD¯ data sample collected by the BESIII experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1. Using a combination of CP eigenstates, D→π+π−π0 and D→K0S,Lπ+π− as tagging modes, the CP-even fraction is measured to be F4π+=0.735±0.015±0.005, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the most precise determination of this quantity to date. It provides valuable model-independent input for the measurement of the CKM angle γ with B±→DK± decays, and for time-dependent studies of CP violation and mixing in the D0-D¯0 system.
A measurement of the 𝐶𝑃-even fraction of the decay 𝐷0→𝜋+𝜋−𝜋+𝜋− is performed with a quantum-correlated 𝜓(3770)→𝐷¯𝐷 data sample collected by the BESIII experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1. Using a combination of 𝐶𝑃 eigenstates, 𝐷→𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0 and 𝐷→𝐾0𝑆,𝐿𝜋+𝜋− as tagging modes, the 𝐶𝑃-even fraction is measured to be 𝐹4𝜋+=0.735±0.015±0.005, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the most precise determination of this quantity to date. It provides valuable model-independent input for the measurement of the angle 𝛾 of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix with 𝐵±→𝐷𝐾± decays, and for time-dependent studies of 𝐶𝑃 violation and mixing in the 𝐷0−¯𝐷0 system.
Observation of 𝜒𝑐𝐽→Λ¯Λ𝜂
(2022)
By analyzing (448.1±2.9)×106 𝜓(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the decays of 𝜒𝑐𝐽→Λ
¯Λ𝜂 (𝐽=0, 1, and 2) are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 13.9𝜎, 6.7𝜎, and 8.2𝜎, respectively. The product branching fractions of 𝜓(3686)→𝛾𝜒𝑐𝐽 and 𝜒𝑐𝐽→Λ¯Λ𝜂 are measured. Dividing by the world averages of the branching fractions of 𝜓(3686)→𝛾𝜒𝑐𝐽, the branching fractions of 𝜒𝑐𝐽→Λ¯Λ𝜂 decays are determined to be (2.31±0.30±0.21)×10−4, (5.86±1.38±0.68)×10−5, and (1.05±0.21±0.15)×10−4 for 𝐽=0, 1 and 2, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.
The cross sections of e+e−→K+K−J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600 GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be (4225.3 ± 2.3 ± 21.5) MeV and (72.9±6.1±30.8) MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230). The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as Y(4500). Its mass and width are determined to be (4484.7 ± 13.3 ± 24.1) MeV and (111.1 ± 30.1 ± 15.2) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction Γ(Y(4230)→e+e−)B(Y(4230) → K+K−J/ψ) is reported.
The radiative hyperon decay Λ→nγ is studied using (10087±44)×106 J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector operating at BEPCII. The absolute branching fraction of the decay Λ→nγ is determined with a significance of 5.6σ to be [0.832±0.038(stat.)±0.054(syst.)]×10−3, which lies significantly below the current PDG value. By analyzing the joint angular distribution of the decay products, the first determination of the decay asymmetry αγ is reported with a value of −0.16±0.10(stat.)±0.05(syst.).
Using about 23 fb−1 of data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, a precise measurement of the e+e−→π+π−J/ψ Born cross section is performed at center-of-mass energies from 3.7730 to 4.7008 GeV. Two structures, identified as the Y(4220) and the Y(4320) states, are observed in the energy-dependent cross section with a significance larger than 10σ. The masses and widths of the two structures are determined to be (M,Γ) = (4221.4±1.5±2.0 MeV/c2, 41.8±2.9±2.7 MeV) and (M,Γ) = (4298±12±26 MeV/c2, 127±17±10 MeV), respectively. A small enhancement around 4.5 GeV with a significance about 3σ, compatible with the ψ(4415), might also indicate the presence of an additional resonance in the spectrum. The inclusion of this additional contribution in the fit to the cross section affects the resonance parameters of the Y(4320) state.
The singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay D+s → K+π+π−π0 is observed by using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb−1 recorded by the BESIII detector at the centre-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV. The first amplitude analysis of D+s → K+π+π−π0 reveals the sub-structures in this decay and determines the fractions and relative phases of different intermediate processes. The dominant intermediate process is D+s → K∗0ρ+, with a fit fraction of (40.5 ± 2.8stat. ± 1.5syst.)%. With the detection efficiency based on our amplitude analysis, the absolute branching fraction forD+s → K+π+π−π0 is measured to be (9.75 ± 0.54stat. ± 0.17syst.) × 10−3.
Observation of ηc(2S) → 3(π⁺π⁻) and measurements of χcJ → 3(π⁺π⁻) in ψ(3686) radiative transitions
(2022)
The hadronic decay 𝜂𝑐(2𝑆)→3(𝜋+𝜋−) is observed with a statistical significance of 9.3 standard deviations using (448.1±2.9)×106 𝜓(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The measured mass and width of 𝜂𝑐(2𝑆) are (3643.4±2.3 (stat)±4.4 (syst)) MeV/𝑐2 and (19.8±3.9 (stat)±3.1 (syst)) MeV, respectively, which are consistent with the world average values within two standard deviations. The product branching fraction ℬ[𝜓(3686)→𝛾𝜂𝑐(2𝑆)]×ℬ[𝜂𝑐(2𝑆)→3(𝜋+𝜋−)] is measured to be (9.2±1.0 (stat)±1.2 (syst))×10−6. Using ℬ[𝜓(3686)→𝛾𝜂𝑐(2𝑆)]=(7.0+3.4−2.5)×10−4, we obtain ℬ[𝜂𝑐(2𝑆)→3(𝜋+𝜋−)]=(1.31±0.15 (stat)±0.17 (syst) (+0.64−0.47) (extr))×10−2, where the third uncertainty is from ℬ[𝜓(3686)→𝛾𝜂𝑐(2𝑆)]. We also measure the 𝜒𝑐𝐽→3(𝜋+𝜋−) (𝐽=0, 1, 2) decays via 𝜓′→𝛾𝜒𝑐𝐽 transitions. The branching fractions are ℬ[𝜒𝑐0→3(𝜋+𝜋−)]=(2.080±0.006 (stat)±0.068 (syst))×10−2, ℬ[𝜒𝑐1→3(𝜋+𝜋−)]=(1.092±0.004 (stat)±0.035 (syst))×10−2, and ℬ[𝜒𝑐2→3(𝜋+𝜋−)]=(1.565±0.005 (stat)±0.048 (syst))×10−2.
Using about 23 fb−1 of data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, a precise measurement of the e+e−→π+π−J/ψ Born cross section is performed at center-of-mass energies from 3.7730 to 4.7008 GeV. Two structures, identified as the Y(4220) and the Y(4320) states, are observed in the energy-dependent cross section with a significance larger than 10σ. The masses and widths of the two structures are determined to be (M,Γ) = (4221.4±1.5±2.0 MeV/c2, 41.8±2.9±2.7 MeV) and (M,Γ) = (4298±12±26 MeV/c2, 127±17±10 MeV), respectively. A small enhancement around 4.5 GeV with a significance about 3σ, compatible with the ψ(4415), might also indicate the presence of an additional resonance in the spectrum. The inclusion of this additional contribution in the fit to the cross section affects the resonance parameters of the Y(4320) state.
Using a sample of (448.1±2.9)×106 𝜓(3686) decays collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, we report an observation of Ξ− transverse polarization with a significance of 7.3𝜎 in the decay 𝜓(3686)→Ξ− ¯Ξ+ (Ξ−→Λ𝜋−, ¯Ξ+→¯Λ𝜋+, Λ→𝑝𝜋−, ¯Λ→¯𝑝𝜋+). The relative phase of the electric and magnetic form factors is determined to be ΔΦ=(0.667±0.111±0.058) rad. This is the first measurement of the relative phase for a 𝜓(3686) decay into a pair of Ξ−¯Ξ+ hyperons. The Ξ− decay parameters (𝛼Ξ−, 𝜙Ξ−) and their conjugates (𝛼¯Ξ+, 𝜙¯Ξ+), the angular-distribution parameter 𝛼𝜓, and the strong-phase difference 𝛿𝑝−𝛿𝑠 for Λ𝜋− scattering are measured to be consistent with previous BESIII results.
By analyzing 𝑒+𝑒− annihilation data with an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 collected at the center-of-mass energy √𝑠=3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we present the first absolute measurements of the branching fractions of twenty Cabibbo-suppressed hadronic 𝐷0(+) decays involving multiple pions. The highest four branching fractions obtained are ℬ(𝐷0→𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0) = (1.343±0.013stat±0.016syst)%, ℬ(𝐷0→𝜋+𝜋−2𝜋0) = (1.002±0.019stat±0.024syst)%, ℬ(𝐷+→2𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0) = (1.165±0.021stat±0.021syst)%, and ℬ(𝐷+→2𝜋+𝜋−2𝜋0) = (1.074±0.040stat±0.030syst)%. The 𝐶𝑃 asymmetries for the six decays with highest signal yields are also determined and found to be compatible with zero.
Luminosities and energies of e⁺e⁻ collision data taken between √s=4.61 GeV and 4.95 GeV at BESIII
(2022)
From December 2019 to June 2021, the BESIII experiment collected about 5.85 fb−1 of data at center-of-mass energies between 4.61 GeV and 4.95 GeV. This is the highest collision energy BEPCII has reached so far. The accumulated e+e− annihilation data samples are useful for studying charmonium(-like) states and charmed-hadron decays. By adopting a novel method of analyzing the production of Λ+cΛ¯−c pairs in e+e− annihilation, the center-of-mass energies are measured with a precision of ∼0.6 MeV. Integrated luminosities are measured with a precision of better than 1\% by analyzing the events of large-angle Bhabha scattering. These measurements provide important inputs to the analyses based on these data samples.
The cross sections of e+e−→K+K−J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600~GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be (4225.3±2.3±21.5) MeV and (72.9±6.1±30.8)~MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230). The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as Y(4500). Its mass and width are determined to be (4484.7±13.3±24.1) MeV and (111.1±30.1±15.2) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction Γ(Y(4230)→e+e−)B(Y(4230)→K+K−J/ψ) is reported.
The cross sections of e+e−→K+K−J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600~GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb−1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be (4225.3±2.3±21.5) MeV and (72.9±6.1±30.8)~MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230). The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as Y(4500). Its mass and width are determined to be (4484.7±13.3±24.1) MeV and (111.1±30.1±15.2) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction Γ(Y(4230)→e+e−)B(Y(4230)→K+K−J/ψ) is reported.
We report a measurement of the cross section for the process e+e−→π+π−J/ψ around the X(3872) mass in search for the direct formation of e+e−→X(3872) through the two-photon fusion process. No enhancement of the cross section is observed at the X(3872) peak and an upper limit on the product of electronic width and branching fraction of X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ is determined to be Γee×B(X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ)<7.5×10−3eV at 90% confidence level under an assumption of total width of 1.19±0.21 MeV. This is an improvement of a factor of about 17 compared to the previous limit. Furthermore, using the latest result of B(X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ), an upper limit on the electronic width Γee of X(3872) is obtained to be <0.32eV at the 90% confidence level.
We report a measurement of the cross section for the process e+e−→π+π−J/ψ around the X(3872) mass in search for the direct formation of e+e−→X(3872) through the two-photon fusion process. No enhancement of the cross section is observed at the X(3872) peak and an upper limit on the product of electronic width and branching fraction of X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ is determined to be Γee×B(X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ)<7.5×10−3eV at 90% confidence level under an assumption of total width of 1.19±0.21 MeV. This is an improvement of a factor of about 17 compared to the previous limit. Furthermore, using the latest result of B(X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ), an upper limit on the electronic width Γee of X(3872) is obtained to be <0.32eV at the 90% confidence level.
Using a sample of (10.09±0.04)×109 J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, a partial wave analysis of J/ψ→γη′η′ is performed.The masses and widths of the observed resonances and their branching fractions are reported. The main contribution is from J/ψ→γf0(2020) with f0(2020)→η′η′, which is found with a significance of greater than 25σ. The product branching fraction B(J/ψ → γf0(2020))⋅B(f0(2020) → η′η′ is measured to be (2.63±0.06(stat.) + 0.31−0.46(syst.))×10−4.
We present the first experimental search for the rare charm decay D0→π0ν¯ν. It is based on an e+e− collision sample consisting of 10.6×10^6 pairs of D0¯D0 mesons collected by the BESIII detector at √s=3.773 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb^−1. A data-driven method is used to ensure the reliability of the background modeling. No significant D0→π0ν¯ν signal is observed in data and an upper limit of the branching fraction is set to be 2.1×10^-4 at the 90% confidence level. This is the first experimental constraint on charmed-hadron decays into dineutrino final states.
Using a data sample of 448.1 × 106 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we report the first observation of the electromagnetic Dalitz decay ψ(3686) → η e+e−, with significances of 7.0σ and 6.3σ when reconstructing the η meson via its decay modes η → γπ+π− and η → π+π−η (η → γγ ), respectively. The weighted average branching fraction is determined to be B(ψ(3686) → η e+e−) = (1.90 ± 0.25 ± 0.11) × 10−6, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
We study the decays of J/ψ and ψ(3686) to the final states Σ(1385)0Σ¯(1385)0 and Ξ0Ξ¯0 based on a single baryon tag method using data samples of (1310.6±7.0)×106 J/ψ and (447.9±2.9)×106 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The decays to Σ(1385)0Σ¯(1385)0 are observed for the first time. The measured branching fractions of J/ψ and ψ(3686)→Ξ0Ξ¯0 are in good agreement with, and much more precise, than the previously published results. The angular parameters for these decays are also measured for the first time. The measured angular decay parameter for J/ψ→Σ(1385)0Σ¯(1385)0, α=−0.64±0.03±0.10, is found to be negative, different to the other decay processes in this measurement. In addition, the "12\% rule" and isospin symmetry in the J/ψ and ψ(3686)→ΞΞ¯ and Σ(1385)Σ¯(1385) systems are tested.
We report the first measurement of the absolute branching fraction for Λ+c→Λμ+νμ. This measurement is based on a sample of e+e− annihilation data at a center-of-mass energy of s√=4.6 GeV collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage rings. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 567 pb−1. The branching fraction is determined to be B(Λ+c→Λμ+νμ)=(3.49±0.46(stat)±0.27(syst))%. In addition, we calculate the ratio B(Λ+c→Λμ+νμ)/B(Λ+c→Λe+νe) to be 0.96±0.16(stat)±0.04(syst).
By analyzing 2.93 fb−1 of data taken at the ψ(3770) resonance peak with the BESIII detector, we measure the branching fractions for the hadronic decays D+ → K0S K0S K +, D+ → K0S K0Sπ+, D0 → K0S K0S and D0 → K0S K0S K0S . They are determined to be B(D+ → K0S K0S K +) = (2.54 ± 0.05stat. ± 0.12sys.) × 10−3, B(D+ → K0S K0Sπ+) = (2.70 ± 0.05stat. ± 0.12sys.) × 10−3, B(D0 → K0S K0S ) = (1.67 ± 0.11stat. ± 0.11sys.) × 10−4 and B(D0 → K0S K0S K0S ) = (7.21 ± 0.33stat. ± 0.44sys.) × 10−4, where the second one is measured for the first time and the others are measured with significantly improved precision over the previous measurements.
The process 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜙𝜂′ has been studied for the first time in detail using data sample collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at center of mass energies from 2.05 to 3.08 GeV. A resonance with quantum numbers 𝐽𝑃𝐶=1−− is observed with mass 𝑀=(2177.5±4.8(stat)±19.5(syst))MeV/𝑐2 and width Γ=(149.0±15.6(stat)±8.9(syst)) MeV with a statistical significance larger than 10𝜎, including systematic uncertainties. If the observed structure is identified with the 𝜙(2170), then the ratio of partial width between the 𝜙𝜂′ by BESIII and 𝜙𝜂 by BABAR is (ℬ𝑅𝜙𝜂Γ𝑅𝑒𝑒)/(ℬ𝑅𝜙𝜂′Γ𝑅𝑒𝑒)=0.23±0.10(stat)±0.18(syst), which is smaller than the prediction of the 𝑠¯𝑠𝑔 hybrid models by several orders of magnitude.
Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at six center-of-mass energies between 4.008 and 4.600 GeV, we observe the processes e+e− → φφω and e+e− → φφφ. The Born cross sections are measured and the ratio of the cross sections σ(e+e− → φφω)/σ(e+e− → φφφ) is estimated to be 1.75 ± 0.22 ± 0.19 averaged over six energy points, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The results represent first measurements of these interactions.
Measurements of cross section of e⁺e⁻ → pp¯π⁰ at center-of-mass energies between 4.008 and 4.600 GeV
(2017)
Based on e+e− annihilation data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at 13 center-of-mass energies from 4.008 to 4.600 GeV, measurements of the Born cross section of e+e− → pp¯π0 are performed. No significant resonant structure is observed in the measured energy dependence of the cross section. The upper limit on the Born cross section of e+e− → Y (4260) → pp¯π0 at the 90% C.L. is determined to be 0.01 pb. The upper limit on the ratio of the branching fractions B(Y (4260)→pp¯π0) B(Y (4260)→π+π− J/ψ) at the 90% C.L. is determined to be 0.02%.
We report a measurement of the observed cross sections of e+ e− → J/ψX based on 3.21 fb − 1 of data accumulated at energies from 3.645 to 3.891 GeV with the BESIII detector operated at the BEPCII collider. In analysis of the cross sections, we measured the decay branching fractions of B(ψ(3686) → J/ψX) = (64.4 ± 0.6 ± 1.6)% and B(ψ(3770) → J/ψX) = (0.5 ± 0.2 ± 0.1)% for the first time. The energy-dependent line shape of these cross sections cannot be well described by two Breit-Wigner (BW) amplitudes of the expected decays ψ (3686) → J/ψX and ψ(3770) → J/ψX. Instead, it can be better described with one more BW amplitude of the decay R(3760)→ J/ψX. Under this assumption, we extracted the R (3760) mass M R (3760 ) = 3766.2 ± 3.8 ± 0.4 MeV/c2, total width Γ tot R ( 3760 ) = 22.2 ± 5.9 ± 1.4 MeV, and product of leptonic width and decay branching fraction
ΓeeR(3760) B[R(3760) → J/ψX] = (79.4 ± 85.5 ± 11.7) eV. The significance of the R(3760) is 5.3σ. The first uncertainties of these measured quantities are from fits to the cross sections and second systematic.
Using a data sample of e+e− collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 collected with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of s=3.773GeV, we search for the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays D0→π0π0π0, π0π0η, π0ηη and ηηη using the double tag method. The absolute branching fractions are measured to be B(D0→π0π0π0)=(2.0±0.4±0.3)×10−4, B(D0→π0π0η)=(3.8±1.1±0.7)×10−4 and B(D0→π0ηη)=(7.3±1.6±1.5)×10−4 with the statistical significances of 4.8σ, 3.8σ and 5.5σ, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones systematic. No significant signal of D0→ηηη is found, and the upper limit on its decay branching fraction is set to be B(D0→ηηη)<1.3×10−4 at the 90% confidence level.
Measurement of branching fractions for D meson decaying into ϕ meson and a pseudoscalar meson
(2019)
The four decay modes D0 → φπ0, D0 → φη, D+ → φπ+, and D+ → φK + are studied by using a data sample taken at the centre-of-mass energy √s = 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1. The branching fractions of the first three decay modes are measured to be B(D0 → φπ0) = (1.168 ± 0.028 ± 0.028) × 10−3, B(D0 → φη) = (1.81 ± 0.46 ± 0.06) × 10−4, and B(D+ → φπ+) = (5.70 ± 0.05 ± 0.13) × 10−3, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. In addition, the upper limit of the branching fraction for D+ → φK+ is given to be 2.1 × 10−5 at the 90% confidence level. The ratio of B(D0 → φπ0) to B(D+ → φπ+) is calculated to be (20.49 ± 0.50 ± 0.45)%, which is consistent with the theoretical prediction based on isospin symmetry between these two decay modes.
Using 16 energy points of e+e− annihilation data collected in the vicinity of the J/ψ resonance with the BESIII detector and with a total integrated luminosity of around 100 pb−1, we study the relative phase between the strong and electromagnetic amplitudes of J/ψ decays. The relative phase between J/ψ electromagnetic decay and the continuum process (e+e− annihilation without the J/ψ resonance) is confirmed to be zero by studying the cross section lineshape of μ+μ− production. The relative phase between J/ψ strong and electromagnetic decays is then measured to be (84.9 ± 3.6)◦ or (−84.7 ± 3.1)◦ for the 2(π+π−)π0 final state by investigating the interference pattern between the J/ψ decay and the continuum process. This is the first measurement of the relative phase between J/ψ strong and electromagnetic decays into a multihadron final state using the lineshape of the production cross section. We also study the production lineshape of the multihadron final state ηπ+π− with η → π+π−π0, which provides additional information about the phase between the J/ψ electromagnetic decay amplitude and the continuum process. Additionally, the branching fraction of J/ψ → 2(π+π−)π0 is measured to be (4.73 ± 0.44)% or (4.85 ± 0.45)%, and the branching fraction of J/ψ → ηπ+π− is measured to be (3.78 ± 0.68) × 10−4. Both of them are consistent with the world average values. The quoted uncertainties include both statistical and systematic uncertainties, which are mainly caused by the low statistics.
We report the first observation of the decay Λ+c→Σ−π+π+π0, based on data obtained in e+e− annihilations with an integrated luminosity of 567~pb−1 at s√=4.6~GeV. The data were collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage rings. The absolute branching fraction B(Λ+c→Σ−π+π+π0) is determined to be (2.11±0.33(stat.)±0.14(syst.))%. In addition, an improved measurement of B(Λ+c→Σ−π+π+) is determined as (1.81±0.17(stat.)±0.09(syst.))%.
We report the first measurements of absolute branching fractions for the W -exchange-only processes + c → 0K + and + c → (1530)0K + with the double-tag technique, by analyzing an e+e− collision data sample, that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 567 pb−1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of 4.6 GeV by the BESIII detector. The branching fractions are measured to be B(+c → 0K +) = (5.90 ± 0.86 ± 0.39) × 10−3 and B(+c → (1530)0K +) = (5.02 ± 0.99 ± 0.31) × 10−3, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. Our results are more precise than the previous relative measurements.
Measurement of the e+e−→π+π− cross section between 600 and 900 MeV using initial state radiation
(2016)
We extract the e+e− →π+π− cross section in the energy range between 600 and 900 MeV, exploiting the method of initial state radiation. A data set with an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider is used. The cross section is measured with a systematic uncertainty of 0.9%. We extract the pion form factor |Fπ|2 as well as the contribution of the measured cross section to the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to (g−2)μ. We find this value to be aππ,LO μ (600–900 MeV) = (368.2 ±2.5stat±3.3sys) ·10−10, which is between the corresponding values using the BaBar or KLOE data.
We search for an axion-like particle (ALP) a through the process ψ(3686)→π+π−J/ψ, J/ψ→γa, a→γγ in a data sample of (2.71±0.01)×109 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector. No significant ALP signal is observed over the expected background, and the upper limits on the branching fraction of the decay J/ψ→γa and the ALP-photon coupling constant gaγγ are set at 95% confidence level in the mass range of 0.165≤ma≤2.84GeV/c2. The limits on B(J/ψ→γa) range from 8.3×10−8 to 1.8×10−6 over the search region, and the constraints on the ALP-photon coupling are the most stringent to date for 0.165≤ma≤1.468GeV/c2.
Observation of resonance structures in e⁺e⁻ → π⁺π⁻ψ₂(3823) and mass measurement of ψ₂(3823)
(2022)
Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.3 fb−1 collected at center-of-mass energies from 4.23 to 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector, we measure the product of the 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜋+𝜋−𝜓2(3823) cross section and the branching fraction ℬ[𝜓2(3823)→𝛾𝜒𝑐1]. For the first time, resonance structure is observed in the cross section line shape of 𝑒+𝑒−→𝜋+𝜋−𝜓2(3823) with significances exceeding 5𝜎. A fit to data with two coherent Breit-Wigner resonances modeling the √𝑠-dependent cross section yields 𝑀(𝑅1)=4406.9±17.2±4.5 MeV/𝑐2, Γ(𝑅1)=128.1±37.2±2.3 MeV, and 𝑀(𝑅2)=4647.9±8.6±0.8 MeV/𝑐2, Γ(𝑅2)=33.1±18.6±4.1 MeV. Though weakly disfavored by the data, a single resonance with 𝑀(𝑅)=4417.5±26.2±3.5 MeV/𝑐2, Γ(𝑅)=245±48±13 MeV is also possible to interpret data. This observation deepens our understanding of the nature of the vector charmoniumlike states. The mass of the 𝜓2(3823) state is measured as (3823.12±0.43±0.13) MeV/𝑐2, which is the most precise measurement to date.
By analyzing an electron-positron collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 taken at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we obtain for the first time the absolute branching fractions for seven 𝐷0 and 𝐷+ hadronic decay modes and search for the hadronic decay 𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝐾0𝑆𝜋0 with much improved sensitivity. The results are ℬ(𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝜋0𝜋0𝜋0)=(7.64±0.30±0.29)×10−3, (𝐷0→𝐾−𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0𝜋0)=9.54±0.30±0.31)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0𝜋0)=(12.66±0.45±0.43)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0)=(29.04±0.62±0.87)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0)=(15.28±0.57±0.60)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0𝜋0)=(5.54±0.44±0.32)×10−3, ℬ(𝐷+→𝐾−𝜋+𝜋+𝜋0𝜋0)=(4.95±0.26±0.19)×10−3, and ℬ(𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝐾0𝑆𝜋0)<1.45×10−4 at the 90% confidence level. Here, the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second ones are systematic. The newly studied decays greatly enrich the knowledge of the 𝐷→¯𝐾𝜋𝜋𝜋 and 𝐷→¯𝐾𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 hadronic decays and open a bridge to access more two-body hadronic 𝐷 decays containing scalar, vector, axial, and tensor mesons in the charm sector.
Though immensely successful, the standard model of particle physics does not offer any explanation as to why our Universe contains so much more matter than antimatter. A key to a dynamically generated matter–antimatter asymmetry is the existence of processes that violate the combined charge conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry1. As such, precision tests of CP symmetry may be used to search for physics beyond the standard model. However, hadrons decay through an interplay of strong and weak processes, quantified in terms of relative phases between the amplitudes. Although previous experiments constructed CP observables that depend on both strong and weak phases, we present an approach where sequential two-body decays of entangled multi-strange baryon–antibaryon pairs provide a separation between these phases. Our method, exploiting spin entanglement between the double-strange Ξ− baryon and its antiparticle2 Ξ¯+
, has enabled a direct determination of the weak-phase difference, (ξP − ξS) = (1.2 ± 3.4 ± 0.8) × 10−2 rad. Furthermore, three independent CP observables can be constructed from our measured parameters. The precision in the estimated parameters for a given data sample size is several orders of magnitude greater than achieved with previous methods3. Finally, we provide an independent measurement of the recently debated Λ decay parameter αΛ (refs. 4,5). The ΛΛ¯
asymmetry is in agreement with and compatible in precision to the most precise previous measurement.
Using 448.1 × 106 ψ(3686) decays collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII e+e− storage rings, the branching fractions and angular distributions of the decays χcJ → Ξ−Ξ¯¯¯¯+ and Ξ0Ξ¯¯¯¯0 (J = 0, 1, 2) are measured based on a partial-reconstruction technique. The decays χc1 → Ξ0Ξ¯¯¯¯0 and χc2 → Ξ0Ξ¯¯¯¯0 are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 7σ and 15σ, respectively. The results of this analysis are in good agreement with previous measurements and have significantly improved precision.
Using (10.087±0.044)×109 𝐽/𝜓 events collected by the Beijing Spectrum III (BESIII) detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider II (BEPCII) collider, we search for the hyperon semileptonic decay Ξ−→Ξ0𝑒−¯𝜈𝑒. No significant signal is observed and the upper limit on the branching fraction ℬ(Ξ−→Ξ0𝑒−¯𝜈𝑒) is set to be 2.59×10−4 at 90% confidence level. This result is one order of magnitude more strict than the previous best limit.
Using inclusive decays of the J/ψ, a precise determination of the number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is performed. For the two data sets taken in 2009 and 2012, the numbers of J/ψ events are recalculated to be (224.0±1.3)×106 and (1088.5±4.4)×106 respectively, which are in good agreement with the previous measurements. For the J/ψ sample taken in 2017--2019, the number of events is determined to be (8774.0±39.4)×106. The total number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is determined to be (10087±44)×106, where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.
Using inclusive decays of the J/ψ, a precise determination of the number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is performed. For the two data sets taken in 2009 and 2012, the numbers of J/ψ events are recalculated to be (224.0±1.3)×106 and (1088.5±4.4)×106 respectively, which are in good agreement with the previous measurements. For the J/ψ sample taken in 2017--2019, the number of events is determined to be (8774.0±39.4)×106. The total number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector is determined to be (10087±44)×106, where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.
The process e+e−→ϕη is studied at 22 center-of-mass energy points (√s) between 2.00 and 3.08 GeV using 715 pb−1 of data collected with the BESIII detector. The measured Born cross section of e+e−→ϕη is found to be consistent with BABAR measurements, but with improved precision. A resonant structure around 2.175 GeV is observed with a significance of 6.9σ with mass (2163.5±6.2±3.0) MeV/c2 and width (31.1+21.1−11.6±1.1) MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.