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This paper reports on Monte Carlo simulation results for future measurements of the moduli of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors, |GE | and |GM|, using the ¯pp → μ+μ− reaction at PANDA (FAIR). The electromagnetic form factors are fundamental quantities parameterizing the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons. This work estimates the statistical and total accuracy with which the form factors can be measured at PANDA, using an analysis of simulated data within the PandaRoot software framework. The most crucial background channel is ¯pp → π+π−,due to the very similar behavior of muons and pions in the detector. The suppression factors are evaluated for this and all other relevant background channels at different values of antiproton beam momentum. The signal/background separation is based on a multivariate analysis, using the Boosted Decision Trees method. An expected background subtraction is included in this study, based on realistic angular distribuations of the background contribution. Systematic uncertainties are considered and the relative total uncertainties of the form factor measurements are presented.
Vorgestellt wird die Neukonstruktion eines kontinuierlich registrierenden Grundwasser-Pegel-Meßgerätes, das speziell für die Untersuchung von Pflanzengesellschaften auf Böden mit hoch anstehendem Stau- oder Grundwasserhorizont in Abhängigkeit von Grundwasserschwankungen entwickelt wurde. Besonderer Wert wurde auf leichte Bedienung, stabile Ausführung und niedrige Herstellungskosten des Gerätes gelegt.
Am Beispiel von Gesellschaften des Caricion davallianae wird die Abhängigkeit der Messergebnisse vom Registrierintervall diskutiert, sowie auf die Zusammenhänge zwischen Vegetation und Grundwassergang hingewiesen.
Untersucht werden die Caricion davallianae-Gesellschaften in der nördlichen Kalkeifel unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des nordrhein-westfälischen Teiles. An Hand von über 50 Vegetationsaufnahmen werden die Assoziationen dieses Verbandes sowie ihre Kontaktgesellschaften vorgestellt, standörtlich charakterisiert und die soziologische Feingliederung diskutiert. Einleitend werden Verbreitung und Standortansprüche seltener Arten der Kalksümpfe des Untersuchungsgebietes beschrieben.
A new method of measuring quality factors in cavities is presented. This method is well suited to measure quality factors in undamped cavities as well as in heavily damped cavities, and in addition this method provides a possibility of separating modes and measuring quality factors especially in cases of overlapping modes. Measurements have been carried out on HOM-damped cavities for the DESY/THD linear collider project. Results are presented.
Damping cells for the higher order modes are necessary for the S-band linear collider to minimize BBU (Beam-Break-Up). The construction of the damper cells has to take into account the different field geometries of the higher order modes. So two different types of dampers have been designed: a wall slotted an an iris slotted cell. In order to optimize the two types of damping cells with respect to damping strength, impedance matching between coupling system and waveguide dampers and between damping cell and undamped cells and the tuning system, damping cells of both types have been built and examinated.
A new method for the determination of S-matrices of devices in multimoded waveguides and first experimental experiences are presented. The theoretical foundations are given. The scattering matrix of a TESLA copper cavity at a frequency above the cut-off of the second waveguide mode has been measured.
The effect of a single HOM-damper cell within a channel of undamped cells is described theoretically using an equivalent circuit model. From this a simple equation can be derived which relates the Q-value of the single damping-cell, the bandwidth of the passband under consideration, and the additional phase shift which is introduced by the damper cell to provide energy flow into the damper cell. This equation immediately shows the limitations of such single cell damping systems. Comparisons with experimental results are shown.
Mode propagation in an iris type accelerator section loaded with single heavily HOM-damped cells
(1994)
The wakefield effects in accelerator sections for future linear colliders will be reduced either by damping by detuning or by a combination of both. For the DESY/THD linac [1] it is forseen to employ heavily HOM-damped cells to provide a strong coupling to the TE/TM11-dipole passband as well as to the TM/TE11-dipole passband. For our experiments we have used wall-slotted damping cells. This leads to several problems concerning the propagation of fundamental and HOM-modes. Experimental investigations have been done. Results are presented.