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Lucrarea de faţă tratează ultimul roman - Die uns angebotene Welt [Lumea oferită nouă] - al scriitorului sibian de limbă germană, Joachim Wittstock, apărut în toamna lui 2007 la editura bucureşteană ADZ. Opera lui Wittstock este pe de o parte un Bildungsroman centrat pe conturarea personalităţii protagonistului Georg Herwäst, o proiecţie biografică a autorului, dar care are şi o componentă iniţiatică, având în vedere că romanul conţine indicii despre conturarea viitorului scriitor. Pe lângă acestea avem aici o încercare artistică de a explica cititorului, prin prisma unor evenimente trăite, perioada de început a “dictaturii comuniste” din România”. Titlul romanului sugerează caracterul reflexiv şi complexitatea acestuia. Cititorul poate să-şi imagineze: aspecte biografice, politice, filozofice şi poetologice în acelaşi timp.
Hybridität als Strukturprinzip in der beschreibenden und betrachtenden Prosa von Joachim Wittstock
(2009)
In all of Joachim Wittstock’s works, in his novels as well as in his shorter prose writings, there is a tendency towards merging the factual with the fictional. This study deals with literary travel descriptions, the impulse to my considerations being given by a text written by J. Wittstock entitled Auf Reisen which contains some of the author’s ideas with regard to travel as a literary theme. The present approach deals analytically with the following texts: Christian Schesäus Transsilvanus, Die dalmatinische Friedenskönigin, Toskanische Türme, presenting imaginary travels in time and to particular places on the one hand and creating fictional works starting from authentic travels on the other hand. The travel descriptons of J. Wittstock merge real objectivity with aesthetic subjectivity in their structure. Of their structural elements the following are mentioned: multidimensionality of narrative structures; predomination not of temporal successions, but of leit motifs which structure the story; temporally delimited facts are combined in such a way that the space is being simul- taneously presented on several time planes. Well, I think that one can state that in J. Wittstock’s works the travel is a form of existence and that his travel descriptions must be regarded as examples of postmodern prose.
The present study which was presented at an international scientific session dedicated to the Bologna process and to its implementation in Romania – session organized in Sibiu in the period May 6-8, 2010 – makes reference to the structure of the Bologna-type structure within the German Studies of Sibiu. There have been taken into account the Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctoral degrees as well as exemplifications regarding curricular aspects. The study points out both the strengths of the Bologna process and its weaknesses such as a more modest interaction between research and instruction within the Bachelor’s degree studies, whereas this desideratum can be better met within the Master’s degree programmes, the crowning achievement within the research activity being the doctorate.
This article is a critical presentation of the study Der Zauber des fernen Königreichs. Carmen Sylvas Pelesch-Märchen/Farmecul regatului îndepãrtat. Poveştile Peleşului, (The Magic of the Faraway Kingdom. Carmen Sylva’s Tales of the Pelesh), edited at the Ibidem publishing house in Frankfurt this year. The author proves that – contrary to some opinions in current literary criticism, according to which the works of the queen poet were but recorded and retold Romanian folk tales and legends – Carmen Sylva’s writings are personal works with intrinsic literary value, where themes and motifs from the folklore and mythology or from the Romanian and occidental literature are used only as pre-texts. Silvia Zimmermann’s merit is a significant one, namely that of rediscovering Carmen Sylva who has not only been a creator, but also an important mediator between the Romanian and the German culture.
This review presents Delia Cotârlea’s monography Schreiben unter der Diktatur. Die Lyrik von Anemone Latzina / Writing under Dictatorship The Poetry of Anemone Latzina. In her study, the Romanian Germanist analyses the poetry and the translation work of the Romanian-born German author Annemone Latzina. Delia Cotârlea’s monography comprises a lot of new information, picked up from unpublished diaries, from chronicles published in the print media etc.
The present study makes reference to the scientific achievements of the Romanian Germanist Horst Schuller. As a journalist, university professor and translator, he developed an extensive research work that has brought forth studies of the Romanian-German criticism as well as many studies of intercultural research. In all of his studies of literary criticism dealing with intercultural themes, Schuller holds the opinion of a bilateral exchange between the ethnic groups of a multi-ethnic state as Romania is. He regards interculturality as a plea for tolerance and communication, i.e. living-with-one-another – not living side by side or living past one another.
This study deals with two works, from the perspective of “magic realism”: Cronica unei morþi anunþate by Gabriel Garcia Márquez and Der Fürst der Welt by Erika Mitterer. Magic realism is mostly associated with Latin American literature, especially with the style of Gabriel Garcia Márquez, the 1982 Nobel Prize laureate in Literature. Magic realism techniques are used by the Viennese author Erika Mitterer in the abovementioned historical novel too, in order to render a “camouflaged” writing for avoiding the National Socialist censorship.
The present interview is rooted in the diverse aspects of interculturalism and of Romanian-German literary convergence – landmarks of both the works of fiction and non-fiction of the German author hailing from Sibiu. Special emphasis is placed upon the collection of essays Einen Halt suchen (En. In search of stability) and upon its translations from the Romanian into German, the main scope of the interview being to highlight the author’s opinions about the aforementioned aspects.
This article focuses on the phenomenon of interculturality within the framework of “Poveştile Peleşului”/”Tales of the Pelesh” by Carmen Sylva, the Poet-Queen. Being of German origin and having studied in Germany, but transposed as queen of the Romanian people to a totally different cultural space, Carmen Sylva wants to present the culture of her adoptive country to her home country. She succeeds in doing this through her own works or by translating some Romanian literary works into German, which she propagates in the German language space. Starting from a theoretical basis referring to interculturality, this article refers to the hybrid character of “Poveştile Peleşului”/”Tales of the Pelesh”, to some aspects of presenting alterity, concluding that the author is extremely interested in the culture of the Romanian people, whose language she learned, her ultimate scope being that of bringing the two cultures – the German and the Romanian culture – closer to one another.
The present text introduces the anthological volume of Queen-poetess Carmen Sylva Poveştile unei regine [The Stories of a Queen] and highlights the fact that both her prose – tales and stories – and her poems are representative not only of her favorite themes and motifs, but also of the specific stylistic features of the author.
The present text focuses on the interdependency of literature and theory since the postmodern period. Due to the shifting of paradigms towards more updated procedures, new approaches have emerged, dealing with the relationship between history and presence, intertextuality and plagiarism, deconstruction and reconstruction. The three sections of the volume address the issues of understanding and analyzing the meaning of a post-postmodern approach in the context of literary theory. The book should be understood as a functional and at the same time motivational instrument, being not only helpful to literary critics, but also to readers of modern literary texts.
The present article focuses on the organization of the “Transylvania” Summer Academy in Sibiu, which aims to stimulate, on the one hand, the promotion of German culture from Romania and Southeastern Europe, one the other hand, keeping the cultural exchanges alive. Apart from presenting a synopsis of German literature in Romania, from its origins up to the present, the article also highlights the perspectives of promoting German culture from Romania through national institutions or institutions in Germany.
Erinnerungsdiskurs und Identitätskonstruktion in Carmen Elisabeth Puchianus Roman "Patula lacht"
(2013)
The novel of Romanian-born German author Carmen Elizabeth Puchianu Patula lacht, was published in 2012 by the Karl Stutz Passau publishing house in Germany. The novel is hybrid in nature, with discourse oscillating constantly between the factual and the fictional, many of the events being autobiographical and rendered in the form of recollections. The present article sets out to analyse Carmen Elizabeth Puchianu’s above-mentioned novel in terms of the recollection techniques used. This study is based on research in literary and cultural theory issued over the past several years. The interference between recollection and identity – which is not regarded as an entity proper but rather as one that is built and enriched with multiple facets throughout the narrative – is also investigated.
The research objective of the present article is the book Der heilige Teufel [The Holy Devil], written in the field of cultural history by the Romanian German language author Renë Fülöp Miller, published in 1927 and very well received at the time. Important contemporary voices, for instance Th. Mann, ranked it next to fictional works. Taking into consideration postmodern viewpoints, according to which reality and fiction have become impossible to distinguish and interchangeable, it may be concluded that Miller’s work, in spite of its cultural-historical content, is a historical narrative, its style being subordinated to „documentary fiction”. The depiction of reality is a possible one; Russia’s image during Rasputin’s time is a probable one.
The present review refers to the work of Silvia Zimmermann Das Königsbild im Werk Carmen Sylvas und in Fotografien des Fürstlich Wiedischen Archivs.[The Kingʼs Image in the Work of Carmen Sylva and on Princely Archive Photographs belonging to the Wied House] The year 2014 had a triple meaning for the first Romanian Royal House: 175 years since the birth of King Charles I (20 April 2014), 145 years since his wedding with princess Elisabeth of Wied (15 November 1869) and the death centenary of King Charles I (10 October 1914, at the Peleș Castle). Silvia Zimmermann selects and comments upon texts and images which depict the reign of Charles I over Romania, a very beneficial period for the development of the country
The following study is dedicated to the city of Sibiu as the literary place in the short story “The Blue Sphere” [Die blaue Kugel] by Joachim Wittstock.
Starting from the selection of historical monuments and buildings evoking important personalities of the Transylvanian Saxons, Joachim Wittstock recalls cultural and historical aspects of the Saxons who have left their mark on the present. Using the blue sphere as a metaphor for perfection and balance, the writer from Sibiu describes the city as a literary topos in a time when German culture had reached its peak (18th-19th centuries) suggesting the eventual final decline.
Erwin Wittstock (1899-1962), the writer of German expression from Romania, has created a monumental body of works (short stories and novels), which stem from German history and culture from Transylvania. The characters he created are projections of his own life. His novel Januar ’45 oder Die höhere Pflicht, reviewed in the present article from an intercultural point of view, is dedicated to the problem of deportation, a topic which was taboo in the communist regime. His work on the topic is shaped into a novel in Balzacian style, the author writing from the perspective of an eye witness. The problematic invites the description of power, of terror and of repression in totalitarian states. As member of the German community in Romania he depicts the Transylvanian multiethnic and multicultural society in his fiction. The elements of interculturality in his novel can be summarized as: social interethnic relations, imagology, respectively the outlining of the image of otherness, also on a linguistic level.
This article is dedicated to the intercultural aspects of Paul Schuster’s stories (1930-2004), a German writer, born in Sibiu, regarded by German literary historians and criticists as one of the most talented prose writers descending from the small German cultural enclave of Transylvania. His work is thematically focused on events of the past century; The German minority he belongs to plays a decisive role, but also its cohabitation with different ethnic groups in Romania as well as the interethnic relations between them. Interculturality in Paul Schuster's stories is revealed on several levels: cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups, aspects of interethnic collaboration, imagology, linguistic interferences and translations from Romanian authors.
The present study focuses on imagology. Starting from the theoretical aspects of the concepts self-image and hetero-image, the analysis ponders upon the imagological constructs of two ethnical groups in the novel of the Romanian German-language author Andreas Birkner. In this analysis, the self image identifies with the one of the Transylvanian, and the image of the other is that of the Roma. The analysis of Birkner's novel leads to the conclusion that there have been certain mental images deeply rooted in historical reality and which can be, partly, explained by means of collective memory parameters. Stereotypes and prejudices should be considered in this context.
The present article is an interpretation of Claudia Spiridon-Șerbu’s study on censorship in Romania during the last 30 years of communist rule. Drawing on unreleased documents from the CNSAS (National Council for the Study of the Securitate Archives) Archive dwelling on German ethnic authors from Romania, the author paints a vivid picture of the complex phenomenon of literary censorship. The study follows both the official censorship undertaken by the General Office for Press and Publishing and the unofficial prosecution of writers by Securitate agents and their collaborators.
The book Dante und das Gedächtnis [Dante and Memory], published in 2021 by Schwabe Verlag Basel, is a complex interdisciplinary study addressing the issue of memory in the works of the medieval Italian writer and philosopher Dante Alighieri. The study is focused on a “historical approach”, but the investigation of the Commedia and Vita Nova makes use of narratological concepts as well. Monaco sets out to identify and interpret the reflections on memory present in Dante’s work.
The well-documented and systematized study comprises a lot of new information about the poet, politician, and exile Dante Alighieri
The present contribution provides an analysis of Dirk Oschmann’s volume, Freiheit und Fremdheit. Kafkas Romane [Freedom and Foreignness. Kafka’s novels]. The main idea, already announced in the title, is followed throughout the entire volume. A corpus of texts consisting of Kafka’s three novels and some of his best short stories is analyzed (Die Verwandlung, Bericht für eine Akademie, and In der Strafkolonie). The selected texts are considered stories of internal or external displacement that address and depict freedom and foreignness mostly using spatial displacement. The method used is close reading, the author carefully interprets text passages, goes into details, nuances of meaning, and linguistic features of the Kafkaesque texts. The analysis draws on syntagms and statements made by characters who discuss these themes.
The present text is dedicated to an anthology of German poetry from Romania, which was collected in 1980 but could not be published during the communist dictatorship and was subsequently published in 2022 to great success on the German book market. The anthology illustrates the fact that a modern movement parallel to the one in Germany emerged within the insular German-language literature in Romania, developing a set of very distinct particularities.
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred large-scale, inter-institutional research efforts. To enable these efforts, researchers must agree on dataset definitions that not only cover all elements relevant to the respective medical specialty but that are also syntactically and semantically interoperable. Following such an effort, the German Corona Consensus (GECCO) dataset has been developed previously as a harmonized, interoperable collection of the most relevant data elements for COVID-19-related patient research. As GECCO has been developed as a compact core dataset across all medical fields, the focused research within particular medical domains demands the definition of extension modules that include those data elements that are most relevant to the research performed in these individual medical specialties.
Objective To (i) specify a workflow for the development of interoperable dataset definitions that involves a close collaboration between medical experts and information scientists and to (ii) apply the workflow to develop dataset definitions that include data elements most relevant to COVID-19-related patient research in immunization, pediatrics, and cardiology.
Methods We developed a workflow to create dataset definitions that are (i) content-wise as relevant as possible to a specific field of study and (ii) universally usable across computer systems, institutions, and countries, i.e., interoperable. We then gathered medical experts from three specialties (immunization, pediatrics, and cardiology) to the select data elements most relevant to COVID-19-related patient research in the respective specialty. We mapped the data elements to international standardized vocabularies and created data exchange specifications using HL7 FHIR. All steps were performed in close interdisciplinary collaboration between medical domain experts and medical information scientists. The profiles and vocabulary mappings were syntactically and semantically validated in a two-stage process.
Results We created GECCO extension modules for the immunization, pediatrics, and cardiology domains with respect to the pandemic requests. The data elements included in each of these modules were selected according to the here developed consensus-based workflow by medical experts from the respective specialty to ensure that the contents are aligned with the respective research needs. We defined dataset specifications for a total number of 48 (immunization), 150 (pediatrics), and 52 (cardiology) data elements that complement the GECCO core dataset. We created and published implementation guides and example implementations as well as dataset annotations for each extension module.
Conclusions These here presented GECCO extension modules, which contain data elements most relevant to COVID-19-related patient research in immunization, pediatrics and cardiology, were defined in an interdisciplinary, iterative, consensus-based workflow that may serve as a blueprint for the development of further dataset definitions. The GECCO extension modules provide a standardized and harmonized definition of specialty-related datasets that can help to enable inter-institutional and cross-country COVID-19 research in these specialties.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred large-scale, inter-institutional research efforts. To enable these efforts, the German Corona Consensus (GECCO) dataset has been developed previously as a harmonized, interoperable collection of the most relevant data elements for COVID-19-related patient research. As GECCO has been developed as a compact core dataset across all medical fields, the focused research within particular medical domains demanded the definition of extension modules that include those data elements that are most relevant to the research performed in these individual medical specialties.
Main body: We created GECCO extension modules for the immunization, pediatrics, and cardiology domains with respect to the pandemic requests. The data elements included in each of these modules were selected in a consensus-based process by working groups of medical experts from the respective specialty to ensure that the contents are aligned with the research needs of the specialty. The selected data elements were mapped to international standardized vocabularies and data exchange specifications were created using HL7 FHIR profiles on the appropriate resources. All steps were performed in close interdisciplinary collaboration between medical domain experts, medical information scientists and FHIR developers. The profiles and vocabulary mappings were syntactically and semantically validated in a two-stage process. In that way, we defined dataset specifications for a total number of 23 (immunization), 59 (pediatrics), and 50 (cardiology) data elements that augment the GECCO core dataset. We created and published implementation guides and example implementations as well as dataset annotations for each extension module.
Conclusions: We here present extension modules for the GECCO core dataset that contain data elements most relevant to COVID-19-related patient research in immunization, pediatrics and cardiology. These extension modules were defined in an interdisciplinary, iterative, consensus-based approach that may serve as a blueprint for the development of further dataset definitions and GECCO extension modules. The here developed GECCO extension modules provide a standardized and harmonized definition of specialty-related datasets that can help to enable inter-institutional and cross-country COVID-19 research in these specialties.