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Unter anderem folgende Publikationen werden rezensiert:
Adler et al.: Exkursionsflora von Österreich. Bestimmungsbuch für alle in Österreich wildwachsenden sowie die wichtigsten kultivierten Gefäßpflanzen (Farnpflanzen und Samenpflanzen) mit Angaben über ihre Ökologie und Verbreitung.
Jahn & Schönfelder: Exkursionsflora für Kreta.
Wirth: Die Flechten Baden-Württembergs.
Adolphi: Neophytische Kultur- und Anbaupflanzen als Kulturflüchtlinge des Rheinlandes.
Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Fledermausschutz in Hessen (Herausgeber): Die Fledermäuse Hessens.
Sautter: Untersuchungen zur Diasporen- und Samenökologie in bedrohten Pflanzengesellschaften sandiger Böden.
Denz: Natürliche Habichtskraut-Traubeneichenwälder bodensaurer Felsstandorte und ihre Vegetationskomplexe im Rheinischen Schiefergebirge und weiteren silikatischen Mittelgebirgen
Wißkirchen: Verbreitung und Ökologie von Flußufer-Pioniergesellschaften (Chenopodion rubri) im mittleren und westlichen Europa.
Goebel: Die Vegetation der Wiesen, Magerrasen und Rieder im Rhein-Main-Gebiet.
Gilbert: Städtische Ökosysteme.
Garve: Atlas der gefährdeten Farn- und Blütenpflanzen in Niedersachsen und Bremen.
A new technique developed for measuring nuclear reactions at low momentum transfer with stored beams in inverse kinematics was successfully used to study isoscalar giant resonances. The experiment was carried out at the experimental heavy-ion storage ring (ESR) at the GSI facility using a stored 58Ni beam at 100 MeV/u and an internal helium gas-jet target. In these measurements, inelastically scattered α-recoils at very forward center-of-mass angles (θcm ≤ 1.5°) were detected with a dedicated setup, including ultra-high vacuum compatible detectors. Experimental results indicate a dominant contribution of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance at this very forward angular range. It was found that the monopole contribution exhausts 79+12−11% of the energy-weighted sum rule (EWSR), which agrees with measurements performed in normal kinematics. This opens up the opportunity to investigate the giant resonances in a large domain of unstable and exotic nuclei in the near future. It is a fundamental milestone towards new nuclear reaction studies with stored ion beams.
Highligthts
• Marburg virus infects and replicates in primary human proximal tubular cells (PTC).
• Transcriptome analyses at multiple time points revealed a profound inflammatory response by IFNα, -y and TNFα signaling.
• Among the strongly downregulated gene sets were targets of the transcription factors MYC and E2F, the G2M checkpoint, as well as oxidative phosphorylation.
• Importantly, the downregulated factors comprise PGC-1α, a key factor in mitochondrial biogenesis and renal energy homeostasis, to be substantially downregulated in MARV-infected PTC.
• Our results suggest inflammation-induced changes in tubular energy metabolism as a possible factor in MARV-associated tubular dysfunction.
Abstract
Marburg virus, a member of the Filoviridae, is the causative agent of Marburg virus disease (MVD), a hemorrhagic fever with a case fatality rate of up to 90 %. Acute kidney injury is common in MVD and is associated with increased mortality, but its pathogenesis in MVD remains poorly understood. Interestingly, autopsies show the presence of viral proteins in different parts of the nephron, particularly in proximal tubular cells (PTC). These findings suggest a potential role for the virus in the development of MVD-related kidney injury. To shed light on this effect, we infected primary human PTC with Lake Victoria Marburg virus and conducted transcriptomic analysis at multiple time points. Unexpectedly, infection did not induce marked cytopathic effects in primary tubular cells at 20 and 40 h post infection. However, gene expression analysis revealed robust renal viral replication and dysregulation of genes essential for different cellular functions. The gene sets mainly downregulated in PTC were associated with the targets of the transcription factors MYC and E2F, DNA repair, the G2M checkpoint, as well as oxidative phosphorylation. Importantly, the downregulated factors comprise PGC-1α, a well-known factor in acute and chronic kidney injury. By contrast, the most highly upregulated gene sets were those related to the inflammatory response and cholesterol homeostasis. In conclusion, Marburg virus infects and replicates in human primary PTC and induces downregulation of processes known to be relevant for acute kidney injury as well as a strong inflammatory response.
The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process flow and r-process β-decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process.
For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections.
The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will offer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes.