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In der an der Universitätsbibliothek angesiedelten Sammlungskoordination fand im Herbst/Winter 2022/23 mit Unterstützung des Zentrums für interdisziplinäre Afrikaforschung (ZIAF) das Projekt »Sammlungsgut aus Afrika in den Sammlungen an der Goethe-Universität« statt. Ziel des Vorhabens war die digitale Zugänglichmachung von Objektbeständen aus dem afrikanischen Kontinent. Abgeschlossen wurde das Vorhaben durch einen Workshop unter Beteiligung von Sammlungsverantwortlichen und Expert*innen aus der GU und darüber hinaus. Im Interview mit Melda Demir geben Sammlungskoordinatorin Dr. Judith Blume und Projektmitarbeiter Sebastian Burger Auskunft zum Projekt.
An der Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg (UB JCS) hat sich 2021 die Arbeitsgruppe (AG) Nutzungsforschung gegründet. In ihr arbeiten Kolleg*innen verschiedener Bereiche der UB JCS gemeinsam mit Vertreterinnen der Leitungsebene zusammen, um die Perspektiven aus der Benutzung, den digitalen Diensten und den Bereichsbibliotheken abzubilden und voneinander zu lernen. Die AG Nutzungsforschung verfolgt dabei mehrere Ziele. Zum einen koordiniert sie die Aktivitäten rund um Nutzungsforschung an der UB JCS. Zum anderen berät die AG Kolleg*innen, wenn diese Services mit Methoden der Nutzungsforschung evaluieren wollen. Die AG dokumentiert ihre Arbeit, stellt diese regelmäßig in internen Weiterbildungsveranstaltungen vor und bietet auf der UB-internen Kommunikationsplattform Confluence die Möglichkeit, sich über Methoden-Steckbriefe mit der Idee und den Zielen von Nutzungsforschung vertraut zu machen.
Purpose: Molecular diagnostics including next generation gene sequencing are increasingly used to determine options for individualized therapies in brain tumor patients. We aimed to evaluate the decision-making process of molecular targeted therapies and analyze data on tolerability as well as signals for efficacy.
Methods: Via retrospective analysis, we identified primary brain tumor patients who were treated off-label with a targeted therapy at the University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University. We analyzed which types of molecular alterations were utilized to guide molecular off-label therapies and the diagnostic procedures for their assessment during the period from 2008 to 2021. Data on tolerability and outcomes were collected.
Results: 413 off-label therapies were identified with an increasing annual number for the interval after 2016. 37 interventions (9%) were targeted therapies based on molecular markers. Glioma and meningioma were the most frequent entities treated with molecular matched targeted therapies. Rare entities comprised e.g. medulloblastoma and papillary craniopharyngeoma. Molecular targeted approaches included checkpoint inhibitors, inhibitors of mTOR, FGFR, ALK, MET, ROS1, PIK3CA, CDK4/6, BRAF/MEK and PARP. Responses in the first follow-up MRI were partial response (13.5%), stable disease (29.7%) and progressive disease (46.0%). There were no new safety signals. Adverse events with fatal outcome (CTCAE grade 5) were not observed. Only, two patients discontinued treatment due to side effects. Median progression-free and overall survival were 9.1/18 months in patients with at least stable disease, and 1.8/3.6 months in those with progressive disease at the first follow-up MRI.
Conclusion: A broad range of actionable alterations was targeted with available molecular therapeutics.
However, efficacy was largely observed in entities with paradigmatic oncogenic drivers, in particular with BRAF mutations. Further research on biomarker-informed molecular matched therapies is urgently necessary.
The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (“MISEV”) guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these “MISEV2014” guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.