Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Preprint (693)
- Article (592)
- Working Paper (10)
- Conference Proceeding (3)
- Part of Periodical (2)
- Part of a Book (1)
- Report (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (1302)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (1302)
Keywords
- Heavy Ion Experiments (20)
- Hadron-Hadron Scattering (11)
- Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments) (11)
- LHC (9)
- Heavy-ion collision (6)
- ALICE experiment (4)
- Collective Flow (4)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (4)
- Jets (4)
- Quark-Gluon Plasma (4)
- ALICE (3)
- COVID-19 (3)
- Cirrhosis (3)
- Gene expression (3)
- HIV (3)
- Heavy Ions (3)
- Immunology (3)
- Inflammation (3)
- Jets and Jet Substructure (3)
- Liver diseases (3)
- cancer (3)
- child (3)
- pp collisions (3)
- Antitrust (2)
- Beauty production (2)
- Bone density (2)
- Charm physics (2)
- Consumer Welfare (2)
- Diagnostic markers (2)
- Ewing sarcoma (2)
- Experimental nuclear physics (2)
- Experimental particle physics (2)
- HCC (2)
- Heavy Quark Production (2)
- Lepton-Nucleon Scattering (experiments) (2)
- Literaturtheorie (2)
- MLL (2)
- Mouse models (2)
- Oncology (2)
- Osteoporosis (2)
- Particle Correlations and Fluctuations (2)
- Particle and resonance production (2)
- Particle correlations and fluctuations (2)
- Pb–Pb collisions (2)
- Psychiatric disorders (2)
- QCD (2)
- Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (2)
- SARS-CoV-2 (2)
- Single electrons (2)
- Sustainability (2)
- aortic stenosis (2)
- biomarker (2)
- children (2)
- cirrhosis (2)
- habitat destruction (2)
- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2)
- hepatitis C virus (2)
- invasive fungal disease (2)
- lung cancer (2)
- proteomics (2)
- soft tissue sarcoma (2)
- sphingolipids (2)
- web archiving (2)
- 15-PGDH (1)
- 8 weeks (1)
- 900 GeV (1)
- ACURATE neo (1)
- AKI (1)
- ALICE detector (1)
- ALK-rearranged NSCLC (1)
- ALL (1)
- AML (1)
- APRI (1)
- Accelerators & Beams (1)
- Accelerators & storage rings (1)
- Actin (1)
- Active middle ear implants (1)
- Acute coronary syndrome (1)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (1)
- Adenylyl cyclase (1)
- Amino acid analysis (1)
- Anandamide (1)
- Angiogenesis (1)
- Animal models (1)
- Anti-nuclei (1)
- Antibiotic steward-ship (1)
- Antibiotic therapy (1)
- Antibiotics (1)
- Antiretroviral therapy (1)
- Antiretrovirals (1)
- Antiviral therapy (1)
- Apoptosis (1)
- Artificial Intelligence (1)
- Ataxia-telangiectasia (1)
- Atomic & molecular beams (1)
- Atomic, Molecular & Optical (1)
- Atoms (1)
- Atrial fibrillation (1)
- Auditory system (1)
- Autologous stem cell transplantation (1)
- Autorschaft (1)
- BFIS (1)
- BRAF (1)
- Backscattering (1)
- Beam loss (1)
- Biodiversity Data (1)
- Biomarker (1)
- Biomarkers (1)
- Biomass monitoring (1)
- Biomonitoring (1)
- Bioprocess automation (1)
- Bipolar disorder (1)
- Blood plasma (1)
- Bone conduction devices (1)
- Bone diseases, Metabolic (1)
- Boosted Jets (1)
- Botanical Collections (1)
- Breast cancer (1)
- Breast tumors (1)
- Buprestidae (1)
- C6 ceramide (1)
- CAC-DRS Score (1)
- CCL2 (1)
- CEP68 (1)
- COMT (1)
- COVID 19 (1)
- CRISPR/Cas (1)
- CT (1)
- CT dual-energy computed tomography (1)
- CVID (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer chemotherapy (1)
- Cancer detection and diagnosis (1)
- Cancer treatment (1)
- Canopy height model (1)
- Cardiac hypertrophy (1)
- Cardiac surgery (1)
- Cardiac troponin (1)
- Cardiology (1)
- Cardiovascular biology (1)
- Cardiovascular disease risk (1)
- Cardiovascular diseases (1)
- Cell binding (1)
- Cell membranes (1)
- Cell staining (1)
- Centrality Class (1)
- Centrality Selection (1)
- Cerambycidae (1)
- Charge fluctuations (1)
- Charge-transfer collisions (1)
- Checkpoint inhibitor (1)
- Chronic hepatitis C (1)
- Circular accelerators (1)
- Cleanliness level (1)
- Clinical Trials and Observations (1)
- Clinical genetics (1)
- Collective Flow, (1)
- Colon capsule endoscopy (1)
- Colorectal cancer (1)
- Comparison with QCD (1)
- Complementation rate (1)
- Computed Tomography (1)
- Computer-aided drug design (1)
- Congenital anomalies (1)
- Consensus statement (1)
- Conservation (1)
- Coronary Heart Disease (1)
- Coronary Plaque Burden (1)
- CuveWaters (1)
- C‐reactive protein (1)
- DNA sequence analysis (1)
- DST (1)
- Data sharing (1)
- Denervation (1)
- Diauxic effects (1)
- Differentiation (1)
- Digestive system procedures (1)
- Digitization (1)
- Dilated cardiomyopathy (1)
- Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA) (1)
- Drug susceptibility testing (1)
- Dual-energy computed tomography (1)
- ESBL (1)
- ESG (1)
- ETP-ALL (1)
- Early goal-directed therapy (1)
- Eicosanoids (1)
- Electroantennography (1)
- Electron-pion identification (1)
- Electronic transitions (1)
- Electroweak interaction (1)
- Elliptic flow (1)
- Embryos (1)
- Empirische Ästhetik (1)
- European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) (1)
- Extended donor criteria (1)
- F508del homozygous (1)
- FDM (1)
- FGFR (1)
- FIB-4 (1)
- FLT3 (1)
- Fatty acids (1)
- Fatty liver (1)
- Femtoscopy (1)
- Fibre/foam sandwich radiator (1)
- Fibrosis (1)
- Fibrotest (1)
- Filovirus cell entry; attachment factors redundancy; SH-SY5Y cell line; host–pathogen interactions (1)
- Flow cytometry (1)
- Forschung (1)
- Forschungsdatenmanagement (1)
- Functional clustering (1)
- G-protein-coupled receptors (1)
- GWAS (1)
- Gastric cancer (1)
- Genetic causes of cancer (1)
- Genetic testing (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Genome editing (1)
- German PID-NET registry (1)
- Gomphus flavipes (1)
- Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (1)
- Guanosine triphosphatase (1)
- Gαq/11 (1)
- HBT (1)
- HBV (1)
- HCV (1)
- HDAC4 (1)
- HIF1α (1)
- HIPPO signalling (1)
- HIV-1 (1)
- HNO (1)
- Hadron production (1)
- Hadron-Hadron Scattering Heavy (1)
- Hadron-hadron interactions (1)
- Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde (1)
- Haploidentical stem cell transplantation (1)
- Hard Scattering (1)
- Health policy (1)
- Heart (1)
- Heavy Ion Experiment (1)
- Heavy flavor production (1)
- Heavy flavour production (1)
- Heavy ions (1)
- Heavy-flavour decay muons (1)
- Heavy-flavour production (1)
- Heavy-ion collisions (1)
- Hepatitis B virus (1)
- Hepatitis C (1)
- Hepatitis C virus (1)
- Hepatotoxicity (1)
- Herbaria (1)
- High-dose chemotherapy (1)
- Histology (1)
- Homeostasis (1)
- Hsp70 (1)
- Human genetics (1)
- Hypertension (1)
- Hypoxic responses (1)
- IHC (1)
- IWRM (1)
- Icelandic Family Sagas (1)
- IgG substitution therapy (1)
- Immunogenetics (1)
- Inclusive spectra (1)
- Incomplete colonoscopy (1)
- Infection (1)
- Intensity interferometry (1)
- Intensive care unit (1)
- International Law (1)
- Internationales Recht (1)
- Interventional oncological treatment (1)
- Intravenous injections (1)
- Invariant Mass Distribution (1)
- Ionisation energy loss (1)
- Ions (1)
- Jet Physics (1)
- Jet Substructure (1)
- KDIGO (1)
- KIR (1)
- Konstitutionalismus (1)
- Kupffer cells (1)
- LCH (1)
- Landesinitiative (1)
- Landesinitiative für Forschungsdatenmanagement (1)
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (1)
- Laser interstitial thermal therapy (1)
- Lehre (1)
- Lenalidomide (1)
- Libellen (1)
- Library screening (1)
- Literarischer Stil (1)
- Literaturwissenschaft (1)
- Liver (1)
- Liver cancer (1)
- Liver cirrhosis (1)
- Liver enzymes (1)
- Liver fibrosis (1)
- Liver transplantation (1)
- Long non-coding RNAs (1)
- Low & intermediate-energy accelerators (1)
- Low volume prep (1)
- Luciferase (1)
- Lymphoid Neoplasia (1)
- Lyrik (1)
- M. Intracellulare (1)
- M. avium (1)
- M. avium complex (1)
- M. chimaera (1)
- MALAT1 (1)
- MRP4 (1)
- Macrophages (1)
- Marker genes (1)
- Material budget (1)
- Mechanisms of disease (1)
- Mena/VASP (1)
- Mesenchymal stem cells (1)
- Metabolic shift (1)
- Metabolism (1)
- Microbiology and Infectious Disease (1)
- Microglial cells (1)
- Microwave ablation (1)
- Mid-rapidity (1)
- Minimal residual disease (1)
- Minimum Bias (1)
- Mixed hearing loss (1)
- Mongolia (1)
- Monochamus galloprovincialis (1)
- Monte Carlo (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Moviprep (1)
- Multi-Parton Interactions (1)
- Multi-nucleated cardiomyocytes (1)
- Multi-stakeholder approach (1)
- Multi-strange baryons (1)
- Multi-wire proportional drift chamber (1)
- Multidrug-resistant organisms (1)
- Multiple myeloma (1)
- Multivariate analysis (1)
- Muscle atrophy (1)
- Musikästhetik (1)
- Mutation databases (1)
- Myocardial infarction (1)
- NCoR1 (1)
- NFDI (1)
- NK cells (1)
- NMR spectroscopy (1)
- NOTCH1 (1)
- NTM (1)
- Nachhaltigkeit (1)
- Namibia (1)
- Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (1)
- Neural network (1)
- Neurons (1)
- Neuroästhetik (1)
- Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (1)
- Nuclear astrophysics (1)
- Nuclear modification factor (1)
- Nuclear physics of explosive environments (1)
- Nuclear reactions (1)
- Nucleus accumbens (1)
- ORL (1)
- Oncogenes (1)
- Online monitoring (1)
- Ophiogomphus cecilia (1)
- Optogenetics (1)
- Organ allocation (1)
- Orphan disease (1)
- Osteoporotic fractures (1)
- Otorhinolaryngology (1)
- Ovarian cancer (1)
- PD-L1 (1)
- PGE2 (1)
- PID prevalence (1)
- PKA (1)
- PKD (1)
- PKD/IC (1)
- PRRT2 (1)
- PYTHIA (1)
- Pancreas transplantation (1)
- Parallelisation (1)
- Particle and Resonance Production (1)
- Pb–Pb (1)
- Periodontal disease (1)
- Periodontal therapy (1)
- Perturbative methods (1)
- Phaenops cyanea (1)
- Phantoms (imaging) (1)
- Phospho-soda (1)
- Phosphorylation (1)
- Photon counting (1)
- PillCamColon2 (1)
- Plasminogen (1)
- Platelets (1)
- Polyps (1)
- Portal veins (1)
- Production Cross Section (1)
- Properties of Hadrons (1)
- Prostaglandin (1)
- Proton–proton (1)
- Pulsed SILAC (1)
- QGP (1)
- Quark Deconfinement (1)
- Quark Gluon Plasma (1)
- Quark Production (1)
- Quark gluon plasma (1)
- Quarkonium (1)
- RDM (1)
- RNA (1)
- RNA, long noncoding (1)
- RNA-binding proteins (1)
- Radiative capture (1)
- Random forest (1)
- Rapidity Range (1)
- Regression analysis (1)
- Rehabilitation (1)
- Rejection (1)
- Relapse (1)
- Relativistic heavy ion physics (1)
- Renal cell carcinoma (1)
- Research (1)
- Research Article (1)
- Research Data Management (1)
- Research Infrastructure (1)
- Residency (1)
- Resolution Parameter (1)
- Riftia pachyptila (1)
- S. cerevisiae (1)
- SARS CoV 2 (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia (1)
- SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic (1)
- SARS-CoV‑2-Pandemie (1)
- SCCHN (1)
- SENP (1)
- SKI II (1)
- STED superresolution (1)
- SUMO (1)
- SVR (1)
- Safety (1)
- Sarcopenia (1)
- Scattering of atoms, molecules, clusters & ions (1)
- Scattering theory (1)
- Second-line treatment (1)
- Semantics (1)
- Sepsis-bundle (1)
- Sequence (1)
- Shake flask (1)
- Single muons (1)
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing (1)
- Small molecules (1)
- Specialist training (1)
- Spectrin (1)
- Sphingolipids (1)
- Stem cells (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Surgical and invasive medical procedures (1)
- Surgical oncology (1)
- Survival (1)
- Sustained virological response (SVR) (1)
- Systematic Uncertainty (1)
- Systemic treatment (1)
- T-ALL (1)
- TACE (1)
- TAVR (1)
- TGF-beta (1)
- TOR signalling (1)
- TP53 mutation status (1)
- TR (1)
- Targeted therapy (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Teaching (1)
- Technical data (1)
- Thrombosis (1)
- Thromboxane (1)
- Time Projection Chamber (1)
- Tomography (x-ray computed) (1)
- Tracking (1)
- Transarterial chemoembolization (1)
- Transcriptome analysis (1)
- Transferases (1)
- Transient elastography (1)
- Transition radiation detector (1)
- Transverse momentum (1)
- Trigger (1)
- Trousseau’s syndrome (1)
- Type 2 diabetes (1)
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor mTOR inhibition (1)
- UAV (1)
- Ubiquitination (1)
- University hospitals (1)
- Universitätskliniken (1)
- VRE (1)
- Vector Boson Production (1)
- Veins (1)
- Vesicles (1)
- Viral load (1)
- Weiterbildung (1)
- Wettbewerbsrecht (1)
- X-ray crystallography (1)
- Xenon-based gas mixture (1)
- Yellow fluorescent protein (1)
- a-induced reactions (1)
- accessory proteins (1)
- acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (1)
- activation (1)
- acute coronary syndrome (1)
- acute leukemia (1)
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1)
- adenocarcinoma (1)
- adenosine receptors (1)
- aesthetic reward (1)
- age (1)
- agriculture (1)
- alcoholic hepatitis (1)
- allogeneic stem cell transplantation (1)
- amino acids (1)
- angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) (1)
- anti-EGFR therapy (1)
- antibiotic therapy (1)
- antibodies (1)
- antiepileptic drugs (1)
- antifungal combination therapy (1)
- antifungal therapy (1)
- antimicrobial stewardship (1)
- antiviral therapy (1)
- arachidonate 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox12/15) (1)
- architecture (1)
- ascites (1)
- atherosclerosis (1)
- atrial fibrillation (1)
- atrophy (1)
- autophagy (1)
- b-cell lymphomas (1)
- bacteremia (1)
- bendamustine (1)
- blood (1)
- bone marrow metastasis (1)
- bone metastasis (1)
- cAMP (1)
- cART (1)
- cancer surveillance (1)
- carbapenem resistance (1)
- cardiac I/R injury (1)
- cardiac remodeling (1)
- cell differentiation (1)
- cell heterogeneity (1)
- cell-free protein synthesis (1)
- centrosome (1)
- centrosome linker (1)
- ceramides (1)
- chemoembolization (1)
- chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer (1)
- chemotherapy regimen (1)
- children and adolescents (1)
- chills (1)
- chimeric antigen receptor t-cell therapy (1)
- chimeric antigen receptors (1)
- cholestasis (1)
- chromosomal translocations (1)
- chronic kidney disease (1)
- chronic viral hepatitis (1)
- co-infection (1)
- cohort study (1)
- computed tomography (1)
- confidence interval (1)
- confirmatory factor analysis (1)
- constitutionalisation (1)
- constitutionalism (1)
- coronary disease (1)
- critical care unit (1)
- critical ill patients (1)
- cutaneous T cell lymphoma (1)
- cystic fibrosis (1)
- dE/dx (1)
- damage detection (1)
- decision aids (1)
- demand-responsive approach (1)
- desmoplastic small round cell tumor (1)
- detector (1)
- dihydroceramide (1)
- dihydroceramides (1)
- direct-acting antivirals (1)
- disease progression (1)
- drone (1)
- eNPP2 (1)
- enrichment (1)
- entity and event extraction (1)
- epigenomics (1)
- experimental results (1)
- extraskeletal (1)
- familial infantile epilepsy (1)
- fatigue testing (1)
- fibrocytes (1)
- fibrosis (1)
- fibrotest (1)
- fine spatial resolution remote sensing (1)
- first-time shoulder dislocation (1)
- fixed-links modeling (1)
- fluid intelligence (1)
- fumonisin B1 (1)
- gap junction protein alpha 4-genotype (1)
- genetic generalized epilepsy (1)
- germ cell tumors (1)
- glass fiber reinforced materials (1)
- glecaprevir (1)
- glioblastoma (1)
- global change (1)
- graft rejection (1)
- head-and-neck cancer (1)
- heart failure (1)
- heavy ion experiments (1)
- hematopoietic cell transplantation (1)
- hemiplegic migraine (1)
- hepatic fibrosis (1)
- hepatic tumor (1)
- hepatitis C (1)
- hepatitis c (1)
- herbarium (1)
- high-dose chemotherapy (1)
- histology (1)
- homoarginine (1)
- host-microbe interaction (1)
- human knockout model (1)
- hypertension, pulmonary (1)
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (1)
- immobilization in external rotation and abduction (1)
- immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) (1)
- immunohistochemistry (1)
- immunoprecipitation (1)
- immunotherapy (1)
- infection (1)
- infection control (1)
- infections (1)
- inflammatory markers (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) (1)
- international legal theory (1)
- intraperitoneal therapy (1)
- intrinsically disordered region (1)
- ischemic type biliary lesions (1)
- knockout mouse (1)
- lamotrigine (1)
- land use (1)
- leukapheresis (1)
- leukemia (1)
- levetiracetam (1)
- lipoxin A4 (1)
- liver (1)
- liver abscess (1)
- liver cirrhosis (1)
- liver transplantation (1)
- long non-coding RNA (1)
- lung disease phenotype (1)
- lung function (1)
- lymphoma (1)
- l‐arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (1)
- maintenance therapy (1)
- malignancy (1)
- mass spectrometry (1)
- metastasis (1)
- methyltransferases (1)
- molecular characteristics (1)
- multi-resources mix (1)
- multidrug resistance (1)
- naturalization (1)
- neovascularization, physiologic (1)
- neuroaesthetics (1)
- neutralizing antibodies (1)
- neutropenia (1)
- nomadic lifestyles (1)
- non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (1)
- non-invasive fibrosis assessment (1)
- non-neutropenic episode (1)
- nonstructural proteins (1)
- odds ratio (1)
- oral narratives (1)
- orthopic liver transplantation (1)
- outcome (1)
- ovary (1)
- p97 (1)
- parliament libraries (1)
- pediatric solid tumors (1)
- performativity (1)
- peritoneal carcinomatosis (1)
- pharmacoresistance (1)
- phenotype/genotype relation (1)
- phenotypic spectrum (1)
- pibrentasvir (1)
- piloerection (1)
- plant diversity (1)
- plant height (1)
- pneumonia (1)
- poetic language (1)
- point shear wave elastography (1)
- precision medicine (1)
- pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) (1)
- primary biliary cirrhosis (1)
- primary immunodeficiency (1)
- primary immunodeficiency (PID) (1)
- primary sclerosing cholangitis (1)
- prognostic biomarker (1)
- quark gluon plasma (1)
- radar-based structural health monitoring (1)
- radio sensitivity (1)
- rain- and floodwater harvesting (1)
- rangeland ecosystems (1)
- rats (1)
- re-exposure (1)
- rechallenge (1)
- registry for primary immunodeficiency (1)
- reintroduction (1)
- resolution of inflammation (1)
- retrospective trial (1)
- risk assessment (1)
- rituximab (1)
- rootletin (1)
- rural-urban migration (1)
- sanitation (1)
- sarcoma (1)
- screening routine (1)
- semantic content analysis (1)
- sepsis (1)
- sequential ALK-inhibitor therapy (1)
- sex (1)
- short-chain ceramide (1)
- shortening of treatment (1)
- shoulder instability (1)
- shoulder stabilization (1)
- skeletal muscle (1)
- skin (1)
- social Web (1)
- solid tumor (1)
- sorafenib (1)
- specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) (1)
- spectra (1)
- sphinganine 1-phosphate (1)
- sphingolipid (1)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate (1)
- sphingosine kinase (1)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (1)
- spike protein (1)
- steppe ecosystem (1)
- stopping rule (1)
- structural proteins (1)
- structure-from-motion photogrammetry (1)
- sulfur-oxidizing symbiont (1)
- symbiosis (1)
- tense switches (1)
- testis (1)
- text analysis (1)
- tomography (1)
- topic detection (1)
- transcatheter aortic valve replacement (1)
- transdisciplinarity (1)
- transfemoral (1)
- transient elastography (1)
- translocation partner genes (1)
- transmission (1)
- treatment (1)
- tumor microenvironment (TME) (1)
- type I interferons (IFNs) (1)
- tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) (1)
- upper gastrointestinal cancer (1)
- valproic acid (1)
- variants of concern (1)
- vascular calcification (1)
- vemurafenib (1)
- versican (VCAN) (1)
- web crawler (1)
- whole-genome sequencing (1)
- wildlife mobility (1)
- wind turbine blades (1)
- working memory capacity (1)
- x-ray techniques (1)
- Ästhetik (1)
- γ-spectroscopy (1)
- гепатит С (1)
- правила прекращения лечения (1)
- противовирусные препараты прямого действия (ПППД) (1)
- сокращение лечения (1)
- устойчивый вирусологический ответ (УВО) (1)
- √sN N = 2.76 TeV (1)
Institute
- Physik (1086)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (961)
- Informatik (924)
- Medizin (161)
- Biowissenschaften (7)
- ELEMENTS (7)
- Biochemie, Chemie und Pharmazie (6)
- Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe (SAFE) (6)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (6)
- Geowissenschaften (5)
The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/c in p-Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection.
The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/c in p-Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection.
Inclusive photon production at forward rapidities in pp and p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
(2023)
A study of multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons measured in pp and p−Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon−nucleon collision of sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV using the ALICE detector in the forward pseudorapidity region 2.3<ηlab<3.9 is presented. Measurements in p−Pb collisions are reported for two beam configurations in which the directions of the proton and lead ion beam were reversed. The pseudorapidity distributions in p−Pb collisions are obtained for seven centrality classes which are defined based on different event activity estimators, i.e., the charged-particle multiplicity measured at midrapidity as well as the energy deposited in a calorimeter at beam rapidity. The inclusive photon multiplicity distributions for both pp and p−Pb collisions are described by double negative binomial distributions. The pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons are compared to those of charged particles at midrapidity in \pp collisions and for different centrality classes in p−Pb collisions. The results are compared to predictions from various Monte Carlo event generators. None of the generators considered in this paper reproduces the inclusive photon multiplicity distributions in the reported multiplicity range. The pseudorapidity distributions are, however, better described by the same generators.
The correlations between different moments of two flow amplitudes, extracted with the recently developed asymmetric cumulants, are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV recorded by the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The magnitudes of the measured observables show a dependence on the different moments as well as on the collision centrality, indicating the presence of nonlinear response in all even moments up to the eighth. Furthermore, the higher-order asymmetric cumulants show different signatures than the symmetric and lower-order asymmetric cumulants. Comparisons with state-of-the-art event generators using two different parametrizations obtained from Bayesian optimization show differences between data and simulations in many of the studied observables, indicating a need for further tuning of the models behind those event generators. These results provide new and independent constraints on the initial conditions and transport properties of the system created in heavy-ion collisions.
The production of π±, K±, and (p¯¯¯)p is measured in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV in different topological regions. Particle transverse momentum (pT) spectra are measured in the ``toward'', ``transverse'', and ``away'' angular regions defined with respect to the direction of the leading particle in the event. While the toward and away regions contain the fragmentation products of the near-side and away-side jets, respectively, the transverse region is dominated by particles from the Underlying Event (UE). The relative transverse activity classifier, RT=NT/⟨NT⟩, is used to group events according to their UE activity, where NT is the measured charged-particle multiplicity per event in the transverse region and ⟨NT⟩ is the mean value over all the analysed events. The first measurements of identified particle pT spectra as a function of RT in the three topological regions are reported. The yield of high transverse momentum particles relative to the RT-integrated measurement decreases with increasing RT in both the toward and away regions, indicating that the softer UE dominates particle production as RT increases and validating that RT can be used to control the magnitude of the UE. Conversely, the spectral shapes in the transverse region harden significantly with increasing RT. This hardening follows a mass ordering, being more significant for heavier particles. The pT-differential particle ratios (p+p¯¯¯)/(π++π−) and (K++K−)/(π++π−) in the low UE limit (RT→0) approach expectations from Monte Carlo generators such as PYTHIA 8 with Monash 2013 tune and EPOS LHC, where the jet-fragmentation models have been tuned to reproduce e+e− results.
This article reports measurements of the angle between differently defined jet axes in pp collisions at s√=5.02 TeV carried out by the ALICE Collaboration. Charged particles at midrapidity are clustered into jets with resolution parameters R=0.2 and 0.4. The jet axis, before and after Soft Drop grooming, is compared to the jet axis from the Winner-Takes-All (WTA) recombination scheme. The angle between these axes, ΔRaxis, probes a wide phase space of the jet formation and evolution, ranging from the initial high-momentum-transfer scattering to the hadronization process. The ΔRaxis observable is presented for 20<pchjetT<100 GeV/c, and compared to predictions from the PYTHIA 8 and Herwig 7 event generators. The distributions can also be calculated analytically with a leading hadronization correction related to the non-perturbative component of the Collins−Soper−Sterman (CSS) evolution kernel. Comparisons to analytical predictions at next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy with leading hadronization correction implemented from experimental extractions of the CSS kernel in Drell−Yan measurements are presented. The analytical predictions describe the measured data within 20% in the perturbative regime, with surprising agreement in the non-perturbative regime as well. These results are compatible with the universality of the CSS kernel in the context of jet substructure.
In ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) of relativistic nuclei without overlap of nuclear densities, the two nuclei are excited by the Lorentz-contracted Coulomb fields of their collision partners. In these UPCs, the typical nuclear excitation energy is below a few tens of MeV, and a small number of nucleons are emitted in electromagnetic dissociation (EMD) of primary nuclei, in contrast to complete nuclear fragmentation in hadronic interactions. The cross sections of emission of given numbers of neutrons in UPCs of 208Pb nuclei at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV were measured with the neutron zero degree calorimeters (ZDCs) of the ALICE detector at the LHC, exploiting a similar technique to that used in previous studies performed at sNN−−−√=2.76 TeV. In addition, the cross sections for the exclusive emission of one, two, three, four, and five forward neutrons in the EMD, not accompanied by the emission of forward protons, and thus mostly corresponding to the production of 207,206,205,204,203Pb, respectively, were measured for the first time. The predictions from the available models describe the measured cross sections well. These cross sections can be used for evaluating the impact of secondary nuclei on the LHC components, in particular, on superconducting magnets, and also provide useful input for the design of the Future Circular Collider (FCC-hh).
Measurements of charged-particle production in pp, p−Pb, and Pb−Pb collisions in the toward, away, and transverse regions with the ALICE detector are discussed. These regions are defined event-by-event relative to the azimuthal direction of the charged trigger particle, which is the reconstructed particle with the largest transverse momentum (ptrigT) in the range 8<ptrigT<15 GeV/c. The toward and away regions contain the primary and recoil jets, respectively; both regions are accompanied by the underlying event (UE). In contrast, the transverse region perpendicular to the direction of the trigger particle is dominated by the so-called UE dynamics, and includes also contributions from initial- and final-state radiation. The relative transverse activity classifier, RT=NTch/⟨NTch⟩, is used to group events according to their UE activity, where NTch is the charged-particle multiplicity per event in the transverse region and ⟨NTch⟩ is the mean value over the whole analysed sample. The energy dependence of the RT distributions in pp collisions at s√=2.76, 5.02, 7, and 13 TeV is reported, exploring the Koba-Nielsen-Olesen (KNO) scaling properties of the multiplicity distributions. The first measurements of charged-particle pT spectra as a function of RT in the three azimuthal regions in pp, p−Pb, and Pb−Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV are also reported. Data are compared with predictions obtained from the event generators PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC. This set of measurements is expected to contribute to the understanding of the origin of collective-like effects in small collision systems (pp and p−Pb).
In this Letter, the first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antitriton−nucleus interactions is reported, covering the momentum range of 0.8≤p<2.4 GeV/c. The measurement is carried out using data recorded with the ALICE detector in pp and Pb−Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon of 13 TeV and 5.02 TeV, respectively. The detector material serves as an absorber for antitriton nuclei. The raw yield of (anti)triton nuclei measured with the ALICE apparatus is compared to the results from detailed ALICE simulations based on the GEANT4 toolkit for the propagation of (anti)particles through matter, allowing one to quantify the inelastic interaction probability in the detector material. This analysis complements the measurement of the inelastic cross section of antinuclei up to A=3 carried out by the ALICE Collaboration, and demonstrates the feasibility of the study of the isospin dependence of inelastic interaction cross section with the analysis techniques presented in this Letter.
The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/c in p–Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection.