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We perform the first investigation of the process e+e−→K+K−ψ(2S) and report its Born cross sections over a range of center-of-mass energies from 4.699 to 4.951~GeV. The measurements are carried out using several partial reconstruction techniques using data samples collected by the BESIII detector with a total integrated luminosity of 2.5~fb−1. We search for new tetraquark candidates Z±cs in the decays Z±cs→K±ψ(2S). No significant Z±cs signals are observed.
The e+e−→D+sDs1(2536)− and e+e−→D+sD∗s2(2573)− processes are studied using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies from 4.530 to 4.946~GeV. The absolute branching fractions of Ds1(2536)−→D¯∗0K− and D∗s2(2573)−→D¯0K− are measured for the first time to be (35.9±4.8±3.5)% and (37.4±3.1±4.6)%, respectively. The measurements are in tension with predictions based on the assumption that the Ds1(2536) and D∗s2(2573) are dominated by a bare cs¯ component. The e+e−→D+sDs1(2536)− and e+e−→D+sD∗s2(2573)− cross sections are measured, and a resonant structure at around 4.6~GeV with a width of 50~MeV is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 15σ in the e+e−→D+sD∗s2(2573)− process. It could be the Y(4626) found by the Belle collaboration in the D+sDs1(2536)− final state, since they have similar masses and widths. There is also evidence for a structure at around 4.75~GeV in both processes.
In the effective field theory, the massless dark photon γ′ can only couple with the Standard Model particle through operators of dimension higher than four, thereby offering a high sensitivity to the new physics energy scale. Using 7.9 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at s√=3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we measure the effective flavor-changing neutral current coupling of cuγ′ in D0→ωγ′ and D0→γγ′ processes to search for the massless dark photon. No significant signals are observed, and the upper limits at the 90% confidence level on the massless dark photon branching fraction are set to be 1.1×10−5 and 2.0×10−6 for D0→ωγ′ and D0→γγ′, respectively. These results provide the most stringent constraint on the new physics energy scale associated with cuγ′ coupling in the world, with the new physics energy scale related parameter |C|2+|C5|2<8.2×10−17 GeV−2 at the 90% confidence level, playing a unique role in the dark sector search with the charm sector.
The CP-even fractions (F+) of the decays D0→π+π−π0 and D0→K+K−π0 are measured with a quantum-correlated ψ(3770)→DD¯ data sample collected by the BESIII experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.93 fb−1. The results are Fπ+π−π0+=0.9406±0.0036±0.0021 and FK+K−π0+=0.631±0.014±0.011, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These measurements are consistent with the previous determinations, and the uncertainties for Fπ+π−π0+ and FK+K−π0+ are reduced by factors of 3.9 and 2.6, respectively. The reported results provide important inputs for the precise measurement of the angle γ of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix and indirect CP violation in charm mixing.
The branching fraction of D+→K0Sπ0e+νe is measured for the first time using 7.93 fb−1 of e+e− annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energy s√=3.773~GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, and is determined to be B(D+→K0Sπ0e+νe) = (0.881 ± 0.017stat. ± 0.016syst.)\%. Based on an analysis of the D+→K0Sπ0e+νe decay dynamics, we observe the S-wave and P-wave components with fractions of fS-wave = (6.13 ± 0.27stat. ± 0.30syst.)% and fK¯∗(892)0 = (93.88 ± 0.27stat. ± 0.29syst.)\%, respectively. From these results, we obtain the branching fractions B(D+→(K0Sπ0)S-wave e+νe) = (5.41 ± 0.35stat. ± 0.37syst.)×10−4 and B(D+→K¯∗(892)0e+νe) = (4.97 ± 0.11stat. ± 0.12syst.)\%. In addition, the hadronic form-factor ratios of D+→K¯∗(892)0e+νe at q2=0, assuming a single-pole dominance parameterization, are determined to be rV=V(0)A1(0)=1.43 ± 0.07stat. ± 0.03syst. and r2=A2(0)A1(0)=0.72 ± 0.06stat. ± 0.02syst.
Based on (2712.4±14.3)×106 ψ(3686) events, we investigate four hadronic decay modes of the P-wave charmonium spin-singlet state hc(1P1)→h+h−π0/η (h=π or K) via the process ψ(3686)→π0hc at BESIII. The hc→π+π−π0 decay is observed with a significance of 9.6σ after taking into account systematic uncertainties. Evidences for hc→K+K−π0 and hc→K+K−η are found with significances of 3.5σ and 3.3σ, respectively, after considering the systematic uncertainties. The branching fractions of these decays are measured to be B(hc→π+π−π0)=(1.36±0.16±0.14)×10−3, B(hc→K+K−π0)=(3.26±0.84±0.36)×10−4, and B(hc→K+K−η)=(3.13±1.08±0.38)×10−4, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. No significant signal of hc→π+π−η is found, and the upper limit of its decay branching fraction is determined to be B(hc→π+π−η)<4.0×10−4 at 90% confidence level.
The processes hc→γP(P=η′, η, π0)) are studied with a sample of (27.12±0.14)×108 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The branching fractions of hc→γη′ and hc→γη are measured to be (1.40±0.11±0.04±0.10)×10−3 and (3.77±0.55±0.13±0.26)×10−4, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of ψ(3686)→π0hc. The ratio Rhc=B(hc→γη)B(hc→γη′) is calculated to be (27.0±4.4±1.0)%. The measurements are consistent with the previous results with improved precision by a factor of 2. The results are valuable for gaining a deeper understanding of η−η′ mixing, and its manifestation within quantum chromodynamics. No significant signal is found for the decay hc→γπ0, and an upper limit is placed on its branching fraction of B(hc→γπ0)<5.0×10−5, at the 90\% confidence level.
Using (2712±14) × 106 ψ(2S) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we search for the decays ηc(2S)→ωω and ηc(2S)→ωϕ via the process ψ(2S)→γηc(2S). Evidence of ηc(2S)→ωω is found with a statistical significance of 3.2σ. The branching fraction is measured to be B(ηc(2S)→ωω)=(5.65±3.77(stat.)±5.32(syst.))×10−4. No statistically significant signal is observed for the decay ηc(2S)→ωϕ. The upper limit of the branching fraction at the 90\% confidence level is determined to be B(ψ(2S)→γηc(2S),ηc(2S)→ωϕ)<2.24×10−7. We also update the branching fractions of χcJ→ωω and χcJ→ωϕ decays via the ψ(2S)→γχcJ transition. The branching fractions are determined to be B(χc0→ωω)=(10.63±0.11±0.46)×10−4, B(χc1→ωω)=(6.39±0.07±0.29)×10−4, B(χc2→ωω)=(8.50±0.08±0.38)×10−4, B(χc0→ωϕ)=(1.18±0.03±0.05)×10−4, B(χc1→ωϕ)=(2.03±0.15±0.12)×10−5, and B(χc2→ωϕ)=(9.37±1.07±0.59)×10−6, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
Using e+e− annihilation data sets corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.5 fb−1, collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV, we report the first measurements of the absolute branching fractions B(Λ+c→pK0L)=(1.67±0.06±0.04)%, B(Λ+c→pK0Lπ+π−)=(1.69±0.10±0.05)%, and B(Λ+c→pK0Lπ0)=(2.02±0.13±0.05)%, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. Combining with the known branching fractions of Λ+c→pK0S, Λ+c→pK0Sπ+π−, and Λ+c→pK0Sπ0, we present the first measurements of the K0S-K0L asymmetries R(Λ+c,K0S,LX)=B(Λ+c→K0SX)−B(Λ+c→K0LX)B(Λ+c→K0SX)+B(Λ+c→K0LX) in charmed baryon decays: R(Λ+c,pK0S,L)=−0.025±0.031, R(Λ+c,pK0S,Lπ+π−)=−0.027±0.048, and R(Λ+c,pK0S,Lπ0)=−0.015±0.046. No significant asymmetries within the uncertainties are observed.
The processes hc→γP(P=η′, η, π0) are studied with a sample of (27.12±0.14)×108 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The decay hc→γη is observed for the first time with the significance of 9.0σ, and the branching fraction is determined to be (3.77±0.55±0.13±0.26)×10−4, while B(hc→γη′) is measured to be (1.40±0.11±0.04±0.10)×10−3, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of ψ(3686)→π0hc. The combination of these results allows for a precise determination of Rhc=B(hc→γη)B(hc→γη′), which is calculated to be (27.0±4.4±1.0)%. The results are valuable for gaining a deeper understanding of η−η′ mixing, and its manifestation within quantum chromodynamics. No significant signal is found for the decay hc→γπ0, and an upper limit is placed on its branching fraction of B(hc→γπ0)<5.0×10−5, at the 90% confidence level.
Model-independent determination of the strong-phase difference between D⁰ and D̄⁰ → π⁺π⁻π⁺π⁻ decays
(2024)
Measurements of the strong-phase difference between D0 and D¯0→π+π−π+π− are performed in bins of phase space. The study exploits a sample of quantum-correlated DD¯ mesons collected by the BESIII experiment in e+e− collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773~GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93~fb−1. Here, D denotes a neutral charm meson in a superposition of flavor eigenstates. The reported results are valuable for measurements of the CP-violating phase γ (also denoted ϕ3) in B±→DK±, D→π+π−π+π− decays, and the binning schemes are designed to provide good statistical sensitivity to this parameter. The expected uncertainty on γ arising from the precision of the strong-phase measurements, when applied to very large samples of B-meson decays, is around 1.5∘ or 2∘, depending on the binning scheme. The binned strong-phase parameters are combined to give a value of F4π+=0.746±0.010±0.004 for the CP-even fraction of D0→π+π−π+π− decays, which is around 30\% more precise than the previous best measurement of this quantity.
Using 7.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we measure the absolute branching fractions of D0→K−e+νe, D0→K−μ+νμ, D+→K¯0e+νe, and D+→K¯0μ+νμ to be (3.509±0.009stat.±0.013syst.)%, (3.408±0.011stat.±0.013syst.)%, (8.856±0.039stat.±0.078syst.)%, and (8.661±0.046stat.±0.080syst.)%, respectively. By performing a simultaneous fit to the partial decay rates of these four decays, the product of the hadronic form factor fK+(0) and the modulus of the c→s CKM matrix element |Vcs| is determined to be fK+(0)|Vcs|=0.7162±0.0011stat.±0.0012syst.. Taking the value of |Vcs|=0.97349±0.00016 from the standard model global fit or that of fK+(0)=0.7452±0.0031 from the LQCD calculation as input, we derive the results fK+(0)=0.7357±0.0011stat.±0.0012syst. and |Vcs|=0.9611±0.0015stat.±0.0016syst.±0.0040LQCD.
Using 7.9 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected at s√=3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we search for the massless dark photon with the flavor-changing neutral current processes D0→ωγ′ and D0→γγ′ for the first time. No significant signals are observed, and the upper limits at the 90% confidence level on the massless dark photon branching fraction are set to be 1.1×10−5 and 2.0×10−6 for D0→ωγ′ and D0→γγ′, respectively. These results provide the most stringent constraint on the new physics energy scale associated with cuγ′ coupling in the world, with the new physics energy scale related parameter |C|2+|C5|2<8.2×10−17 GeV−2 at the 90% confidence level.
The J/ψ,ψ(3686)→Σ0Σ¯0 processes and subsequent decays are studied using the world's largest J/ψ and ψ(3686) data samples collected with the BESIII detector. The strong-CP symmetry is tested in the decays of the Σ0 hyperons for the first time by measuring the decay parameters, αΣ0=−0.0017±0.0021±0.0018 and α¯Σ0=0.0021±0.0020±0.0022. The weak-CP test is performed in the subsequent decays of their daughter particles Λ and Λ¯. Also for the first time, the transverse polarizations of the Σ0 hyperons in J/ψ and ψ(3686) decays are observed with opposite directions, and the ratios between the S-wave and D-wave contributions of the J/ψ,ψ(3686)→Σ0Σ¯0 decays are obtained. These results are crucial to understand the decay dynamics of the charmonium states and the production mechanism of the Σ0−Σ¯0 pairs.
Based on (2712.4±14.3)×106 ψ(3686) events, we investigate four hadronic decay modes of the P-wave charmonium spin-singlet state hc(1P1)→h+h−π0/η (h=π or K) via the process ψ(3686)→π0hc at BESIII. The hc→π+π−π0 decay is observed with a significance of 9.6σ after taking into account systematic uncertainties. Evidences for hc→K+K−π0 and hc→K+K−η are found with significances of 3.5σ and 3.3σ, respectively, after considering the systematic uncertainties. The branching fractions of these decays are measured to be B(hc→π+π−π0)=(1.36±0.16±0.14)×10−3, B(hc→K+K−π0)=(3.26±0.84±0.36)×10−4, and B(hc→K+K−η)=(3.13±1.08±0.38)×10−4, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. No significant signal of hc→π+π−η is found, and the upper limit of its decay branching fraction is determined to be B(hc→π+π−η)<4.0×10−4 at 90% confidence level.
The processes hc→γP(P=η′, η, π0) are studied with a sample of (27.12±0.14)×108 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The decay hc→γη is observed for the first time with the significance of 9.0σ, and the branching fraction is determined to be (3.77±0.55±0.13±0.26)×10−4, while B(hc→γη′) is measured to be (1.40±0.11±0.04±0.10)×10−3, where the first uncertainties are statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of ψ(3686)→π0hc. The combination of these results allows for a precise determination of Rhc=B(hc→γη)B(hc→γη′), which is calculated to be (27.0±4.4±1.0)%. The results are valuable for gaining a deeper understanding of η−η′ mixing, and its manifestation within quantum chromodynamics. No significant signal is found for the decay hc→γπ0, and an upper limit is placed on its branching fraction of B(hc→γπ0)<5.0×10−5, at the 90% confidence level.
Based on 4.5 fb−1 of e+e− collision data accumulated at center-of-mass energies between 4599.53 MeV and 4698.82 MeV with the BESIII detector, the decay Λ+c→nK0Sπ+π0 is observed for the first time with a significance of 9.2σ. The branching fraction is measured to be (0.85±0.13±0.03)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, which differs from the theoretical prediction based on isospin by 4.4σ. This indicates that there may be resonant contributions or some unknown dynamics in this decay.
By analyzing (27.12±0.14)×108 ψ(3686) events accumulated with the BESIII detector, the decay ηc(2S)→K+K−η is observed for the first time with a significance of 6.2σ after considering systematic uncertainties. The product of the branching fractions of ψ(3686)→γηc(2S) and ηc(2S)→K+K−η is measured to be B(ψ(3686)→γηc(2S))×B(ηc(2S)→K+K−η)=(2.39±0.32±0.34)×10−6, where the first uncertainty is statistical, and the second one is systematic. The branching fraction of ηc(2S)→K+K−η is determined to be B(ηc(2S)→K+K−η)=(3.42±0.46±0.48±2.44)×10−3, where the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of ψ(3686)→γηc(2S). Using a recent BESIII measurement of B(ηc(2S)→K+K−π0), we also determine the ratio between the branching fractions of ηc(2S)→K+K−η and ηc(2S)→K+K−π0 to be 1.49±0.22±0.25, which is consistent with the previous result of BaBar at a comparable precision level.
Search for X(3872)→π⁰π⁰χc₁,₂
(2024)
Using 10.1 fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected by the BESIII detector with center-of-mass energies between 4.15 GeV and 4.30 GeV, we search for the decays X(3872)→π0π0χc1,2, where the X(3872) is produced in e+e−→γX(3872). No evidence above 3σ is found for either decay. Upper limits at the 90% C.L. on the branching fractions of X(3872)→π0π0χc1,2 normalized to the branching fraction of X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ are set to be B(X(3872)→π0π0χc1)/B(X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ)<1.1 and B(X(3872)→π0π0χc2)/B(X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ)<0.5, taking into account both statistical and systematic uncertainties.
Using (2.712±0.014)×109 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII, we find an evidence of the ηc(2S)→K+K−η′ decay with a statistical significance of 3.1σ. Its decay branching fraction is measured to be (12.24±4.60(stat.)±2.37(syst.)±4.68(extr.))×10−4, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third uncertainty is from the branching fraction of the ψ(3686)→γηc(2S) decay. The upper limit on the product branching fraction B[ψ(3686)→γηc(2S)]× B[ηc(2S)→K+K−η′] is set to be 1.14×10−6 at 90% confidence level. In addition, the branching fractions of χc1→K+K−η′ and χc2→K+K−η′ are updated to be (8.47±0.09(stat.)±0.47(syst.))×10−4 and (1.53±0.04(stat.)±0.08(syst.))×10−4, respectively. The precision is improved by twofold.