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Institute
The first observation of the decays J/ψ→p¯Σ+K0S and J/ψ→pΣ¯−K0S is reported using (10087±44)×106 J/ψ events recorded by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring. The branching fractions of each channel are determined to be B(J/ψ→p¯Σ+K0S)=(1.361±0.006±0.025)×10−4 and B(J/ψ→pΣ¯−K0S)=(1.352±0.006±0.025)×10−4. The combined result is B(J/ψ→p¯Σ+K0S+c.c.)=(2.725±0.009±0.050)×10−4, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The results presented are in good agreement with the branching fractions of the isospin partner decay J/ψ→pK−Σ¯0+c.c..
Quantum-correlated 𝐷¯𝐷 pairs collected by the BESIII experiment at the 𝜓(3770) resonance corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 are used to study the 𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0 decay mode. The 𝐶𝑃-even fraction of 𝐷0→𝐾0𝑆𝜋+𝜋−𝜋0 decays is determined to be 0.235±0.010±0.002, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 10.9 fb−1 collected at center-of-mass energies from 4.16 to 4.34 GeV with the BESIII detector, we search for the decay χc1(3872)→π+π−χc1 in the radiative production e+e−→γχc1(3872). No significant signal is observed, and the ratio for the branching fraction of χc1(3872)→π+π−χc1 to χc1(3872)→π+π−J/ψ is measured as R≡B[χc1(3872)→π+π−χc1]B[χc1(3872)→π+π−J/ψ]<0.18 at 90% confidence level. The upper limit on the product of the cross section σ[e+e−→γχc1(3872)] and the branching fraction B[χc1(3872)→π+π−χc1] at each center-of-mass energy is also given. These measurements favor the non-conventional charmonium nature of the χc1(3872) state.
Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at center-of-mass energies ranging from 3.80 to 4.95 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1, a measurement of Born cross sections for the e+e−→D0D¯0 and D+D− processes is presented with unprecedented precision. Many clear peaks in the line shape of e+e−→D0D¯0 and D+D− around the mass range of G(3900), ψ(4040), ψ(4160), Y(4260), and ψ(4415), etc., are foreseen. These results offer crucial experimental insights into the nature of hadron production in the open-charm region.
Based on a data sample of (27.08±0.14)×108 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the M1 transition ψ(3686)→γηc(2S) with ηc(2S)→KK¯π is studied, where KK¯π is K+K−π0 or K0SK±π∓. The mass and width of the ηc(2S) are measured to be (3637.8±0.8(stat)±0.2(syst)) MeV/c2 and (10.5±1.7(stat)±3.5(syst)) MeV, respectively. The product branching fraction B(ψ(3686)→γηc(2S))×B(ηc(2S)→KK¯π) is determined to be (0.97±0.06(stat)±0.09(syst))×10−5. Using BR(ηc(2S)→KK¯π)=(1.86+0.68−0.49)%, we obtain the branching fraction of the radiative transition to be BR(ψ(3686)→γηc(2S))=(5.2±0.3(stat)±0.5(syst)+1.9−1.4(extr))×10−4, where the third uncertainty is due to the quoted BR(ηc(2S)→KK¯π).
The J/ψ→Ξ0Ξ¯0 process and subsequent decays are investigated using (10087±44)×106 J/ψ events collected at the BESIII experiment. The decay parameters of Ξ0 and Ξ¯0 are measured with greatly improved precision over previous measurements to be αΞ=−0.3750±0.0034±0.0016, α¯Ξ=0.3790±0.0034±0.0021, ϕΞ=0.0051±0.0096±0.0018~rad, ϕ¯Ξ=−0.0053±0.0097±0.0019~rad, where the first and the second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. From these measurements, precise CP symmetry tests in Ξ0 decay are performed, and AΞCP=(−5.4±6.5±3.1)×10−3 and ΔϕΞCP=(−0.1±6.9±0.9)×10−3~rad are consistent with CP conservation. The sequential decay also enables a separation of weak and strong phase differences, which are found for the first time to be ξP−ξS=(0.0±1.7±0.2)×10−2~rad and δP−δS=(−1.3±1.7±0.4)×10−2~rad, respectively. In addition, we measure the Λ decay parameters and test CP symmetry in Λ decays.
Using data samples collected at center-of-mass energies between 2.000 and 3.080 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, a partial-wave analysis is performed on the process e+e−→ηπ+π−. In addition to the dominant e+e−→ρη component, the e+e−→a2(1320)π process is also sizeable, contributing up to 24% of the total reaction. The measured cross sections of the process e+e−→ηπ+π− are systematically higher than those of BaBar by more than 3σ at center-of-mass energies between 2.000 and 2.300 GeV. In the cross section lineshape for e+e−→a2(1320)π, a resonant structure is observed with a significance of 5.5σ, with M=(2044±31±4) MeV/c2, Γ=(163±69±24) MeV and BR⋅ΓRe+e−=(34.6±17.1±6.0) eV or (137.1±73.3±2.1) eV. In the cross section lineshape for e+e−→ρη, an evidence of a dip structure around 2180 MeV/c2 is observed with statistical significance of 3.0σ.
The process e+e−→D∗+sD∗−s is studied with a semi-inclusive method using data samples at center-of-mass energies from threshold to 4.95 GeV collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. The Born cross sections of the process are measured for the first time with high precision in this energy region. Two resonance structures are observed in the energy-dependent cross sections around 4.2 and 4.4 GeV. By fitting the cross sections with a coherent sum of three Breit-Wigner amplitudes and one phase-space amplitude, the two significant structures are assigned masses of (4186.5±9.0±30) MeV/c2 and (4414.5±3.2±6.0) MeV/c2, widths of (55±17±53) MeV and (122.6±7.0±8.2) MeV, where the first errors are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The inclusion of a third Breit-Wigner amplitude is necessary to describe a structure around 4.79 GeV.
The measurement of the Cabibbo-favored semileptonic decay Λ+c→Λμ+νμ is reported using 4.5 fb−1 of e+e− annihilation data collected at center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.600~GeV to 4.699~GeV. The branching fraction of the decay is measured to be B(Λ+c→Λμ+νμ)=(3.48±0.14stat.±0.10syst.)%, three times more precise than the prior world average result. Tests of lepton flavor universality using Λ+c→Λℓ+νℓ (ℓ=e,μ) decays are reported for the first time, based on measurements of the differential decay rates and the forward-backward asymmetries in separate four-momentum transfer regions. The results are compatible with Standard Model predictions. Furthermore, we improve the determination of the form-factor parameters in Λ+c→Λℓ+νℓ decays, which provide stringent tests and calibration for lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD) calculations.
We report the measurement of the inclusive cross sections for e+e−→nOCH (where nOCH denotes non-open charm hadrons) with improved precision at center-of-mass (c.m.) energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV. We observe three resonances: R(3760), R(3780), and R(3810) with significances of 8.1σ, 13.7σ, and 8.8σ, respectively. The R(3810) state is observed for the first time, while the R(3760) and R(3780) states are observed for the first time in the nOCH cross sections. Two sets of resonance parameters describe the energy-dependent line shape of the cross sections well. In set I [set II], the R(3810) state has mass (3805.7±1.1±2.7) [(3805.7±1.1±2.7)] MeV/c2, total width (11.6±2.9±1.9) [(11.5±2.8±1.9)] MeV, and an electronic width multiplied by the nOCH decay branching fraction of (10.9±3.8±2.5) [(11.0±3.4±2.5)] eV. In addition, we measure the branching fractions B[R(3760)→nOCH]=(25.2±16.1±30.4)%[(6.4±4.8±7.7)%] and B[R(3780)→nOCH]=(12.3±6.6±8.3)%[(10.4±4.8±7.0)%] for the first time. The R(3760) state can be interpreted as an open-charm (OC) molecular state, but containing a simple four-quark state component. The R(3810) state can be interpreted as a hadrocharmonium state.
Using a sample of about 10 billion J/ψ events with the BESIII detector, we search for the weak decays of J/ψ→D¯0π0+c.c., J/ψ→D¯0η+c.c., J/ψ→D¯0ρ0+c.c., J/ψ→D−π++c.c., and J/ψ→D−ρ++c.c.. Since no significant signal is observed, we set the upper limits of the branching fractions of these decays to be B(J/ψ→D¯0π0+c.c.)<4.7×10−7, B(J/ψ→D¯0η+c.c.)<6.8×10−7, B(J/ψ→D¯0ρ0+c.c.)<5.2×10−7, B(J/ψ→D−π++c.c.)<7.0×10−8, and B(J/ψ→D−ρ++c.c.)<6.0×10−7 at the 90\% confidence level.
Based on 4.4 fb−1 of e+e− annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.60 and 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the pure \textit{W}-boson-exchange decay Λ+c→Ξ0K+ is studied with a full angular analysis. The corresponding decay asymmetry is measured for the first time to be αΞ0K+=0.01±0.16(stat.)±0.03(syst.). This result reflects the non-interference effect between the S- and P-wave amplitudes. The phase shift between S- and P-wave amplitudes has two solutions, which are δp−δs=−1.55±0.25(stat.)±0.05(syst.) rad or 1.59±0.25(stat.)±0.05(syst.) rad.
Based on a data sample of 10 billion J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, improved measurements of the Dalitz decays η/η′→γe+e− are performed, where the η and η′ are produced through the radiative decays J/ψ→γη/η′. The branching fractions of η→γe+e− and η′→γe+e− are measured to be (7.07±0.05±0.23)×10−3 and (4.83±0.07±0.14)×10−4, respectively. Within the single pole model, the parameter of electromagnetic transition form factor for η→γe+e− is determined to be Λη=(0.749±0.027±0.007) GeV/c2. Within the multi-pole model, we extract the electromagnetic transition form factors for η′→γe+e− to be Λη′=(0.802±0.007±0.008) GeV/c2 and γη′=(0.113±0.010±0.002) GeV/c2. The results are consistent with both theoretical predictions and previous measurements. The characteristic sizes of the interaction regions for the η and η′ are calculated to be (0.645±0.023±0.007) fm and (0.596±0.005±0.006) fm, respectively. In addition, we search for the dark photon in η/η′→γe+e−, and the upper limits of the branching fractions as a function of the dark photon are given at 90\% confidence level.
Improved measurement of the decays η′ → π⁺π⁻π⁺⁽⁰⁾π⁻⁽⁰⁾ and search for the rare decay η′ → 4π⁰
(2024)
Using a sample of 10 billion J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, the decays η′→π+π−π+π−, η′→π+π−π0π0 and η′→4π0 are studied via the process J/ψ→γη′. The branching fractions of η′→π+π−π+π− and η′→π+π−π0 π0 are measured to be (8.56±0.25(stat.)±0.23(syst.))×10−5 and (2.12±0.12(stat.)±0.10(syst.))×10−4, respectively, which are consistent with previous measurements but with improved precision. No significant η′→4π0 signal is observed, and the upper limit on the branching fraction of this decay is determined to be less than 1.24×10−5 at the 90% confidence level. In addition, an amplitude analysis of η′→π+π−π+π− is performed to extract the doubly virtual isovector form factor α for the first time. The measured value of α=1.22±0.33(stat.)±0.04(syst.), is in agreement with the prediction of the VMD model.
The singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay Λ+𝑐→Σ−𝐾+𝜋+ is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 5.4𝜎 by using 4.5 fb−1 of 𝑒+𝑒− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. The absolute branching fraction of Λ+𝑐→Σ−𝐾+𝜋+ is measured to be (3.8±1.2stat±0.2syst)×10−4 in a model-independent approach. This is the first observation of a Cabibbo-suppressed Λ+𝑐 decay involving Σ− in the final state. The ratio of branching fractions between Λ+𝑐→Σ−𝐾+𝜋+ and the Cabibbo-favored decay Λ+𝑐→Σ−𝜋+𝜋+ is observed to be (0.4±0.1)𝑠2𝑐, where 𝑠𝑐≡sin𝜃𝑐=0.2248 with 𝜃𝑐 the Cabibbo mixing angle.
Using a data sample of (10087±44)×106 J/ψ events collected by the BESIII detector in 2009, 2012, 2018 and 2019, the electromagnetic Dalitz process J/ψ→e+e−η(1405) is observed via the decay η(1405)→π0f0(980), f0(980)→π+π−, with a significance of about 9.6σ. The branching fraction of this decay is measured to be B(J/ψ→e+e−π0η(1405)→e+e−π0f0(980)→e+e−π0π+π−)=(2.02±0.24(stat.)±0.09(syst.))×10−7. The branching-fraction ratio B(J/ψ→e+e−η(1405))/B(J/ψ→γη(1405)) is determined to be (1.35±0.19(stat.)±0.06(syst.))×10−2. Furthermore, an e+e− invariant-mass dependent transition form factor of J/ψ→e+e−η(1405) is presented for the first time. The obtained result provides input for different theoretical models, and is valuable for the improved understanding the intrinsic structure of the η(1405) meson.
We perform for the first time an amplitude analysis of the decay D+→K0Sπ+η and report the observation of the decay D+→K0Sa0(980)+ using 2.93 fb−1 of e+e− collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector. As the only W-annihilation free decay among D to a0(980)-pseudoscalar, D+→K0Sa0(980)+ is the ideal decay to extract the contributions of the external and internal W-emission amplitudes involving a0(980) and study the final-state interactions. The absolute branching fraction of D+→K0Sπ+η is measured to be (1.27±0.04stat.±0.03syst.)%. The product branching fractions of D+→K0Sa0(980)+ with a0(980)+→π+η and D+→π+K∗0(1430)0 with K∗0(1430)0→K0Sη are measured to be (1.33±0.05stat.±0.04syst.)% and (0.14±0.03stat.±0.01syst.)%, respectively.
We present cross sections for the reaction e+e−→K0SK0L at center-of-mass energies ranging from 3.51 GeV to 4.95 GeV using data samples collected in the BESIII experiment, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 26.5 fb−1. The ratio of neutral-to-charged kaon form factors at large momentum transfers (12 GeV2<Q2<25 GeV2) is determined to be 0.21±0.01, which indicates a small but significant effect of flavor-SU(3) breaking in the kaon wave function, and consequently excludes the possibility that flavor-SU(3) breaking is the primary reason for the strong experimental violation of the pQCD prediction |F(π±)|/|F(K±)|=f2π/f2K, where F(π±) and F(K±) are the form factors, and fπ and fK are the decay constants of charged pions and kaons, respectively. We also observe a significant signal for the charmless decay ψ(3770)→K0SK0L for the first time. Within a 1σ contour of the likelihood value, the the branching fraction for ψ(3770)→K0SK0L is determined to be B=(2.63+1.40−1.59)×10−5, and the relative phase between the continuum and ψ(3770) amplitudes is ϕ=(−0.39+0.05−0.10)π. The branching fraction is in good agreement with the S- and D-wave charmonia mixing scheme proposed in the interpretation of the "ρπ puzzle" between J/ψ and ψ(3686) decays.
Using e+e− collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the Born cross sections of e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯c(2595)−+c.c. and e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯c(2625)−+c.c. are measured for the first time at center-of-mass energies of s√=4918.0 and 4950.9 MeV. Non-zero cross sections are observed very close to the production threshold. The measured Born cross sections of e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯c(2625)−+c.c. are about 2∼3 times greater than those of e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯c(2595)−+c.c., thereby indicating that the exotic structure potentially exists in the excited charmed baryons. The Born cross sections are 15.6±3.1±0.9 pb and 29.4±3.7±2.7 pb for e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯c(2595)−+c.c., and are 43.4±4.0±4.1 pb and 76.8±6.5±4.2 pb for e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯c(2625)−+c.c. at s√=4918.0 and 4950.9 MeV, respectively. Based on the polar angle distributions of the Λ¯c(2625)− and Λc(2625)+, the form-factor ratios |GE|2+3|GM|2−−−−−−−−−−−−√/|GC| are determined for e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯c(2625)−+c.c. for the first time, which are 5.95±4.07±0.15 and 0.94±0.32±0.02 at s√=4918.0 and 4950.9 MeV, respectively. All of these first uncertainties are statistical and second systematic.
With a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.5~fb−1 collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, for the first time the light hadron decay χc1(3872)→π+π−η is searched for. While no significant signal is observed, the upper limits at the 90\% confidence level for σ[e+e−→γχc1(3872)]B[χc1(3872)→π+π−η] at center-of-mass energies from 4.13 to 4.34 GeV are determined. By normalizing to the χc1(3872)→π+π−J/ψ decay channel, a 90\% confidence level upper limit for the branching fraction ratio R=B[χc1(3872)→π+π−η]/B[χc1(3872)→π+π−J/ψ]<0.12 is given. These measurements provide important inputs for understanding the internal structure of the χc1(3872) resonance.