Universitätspublikationen
Refine
Year of publication
- 2015 (1739) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (603)
- Doctoral Thesis (187)
- Working Paper (169)
- Contribution to a Periodical (164)
- Book (159)
- Report (157)
- Part of Periodical (124)
- Review (70)
- Preprint (55)
- Conference Proceeding (22)
- magisterthesis (7)
- Part of a Book (6)
- Master's Thesis (5)
- Periodical (5)
- Bachelor Thesis (4)
- Habilitation (1)
- Magister's Thesis (1)
Language
- English (863)
- German (835)
- Spanish (14)
- Italian (11)
- Portuguese (11)
- French (3)
- Multiple languages (1)
- Russian (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (1739)
Keywords
- Islamischer Staat (34)
- IS (25)
- Terrorismus (23)
- Deutschland (16)
- Dschihadismus (13)
- Syrien (12)
- Terror (11)
- Irak (10)
- Islamismus (10)
- Salafismus (10)
Institute
- Präsidium (336)
- Medizin (252)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (230)
- Physik (184)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (149)
- Exzellenzcluster Die Herausbildung normativer Ordnungen (116)
- Center for Financial Studies (CFS) (115)
- Biowissenschaften (99)
- Informatik (96)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (95)
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Capnography enables the measurement of end-tidal CO2 and thereby the early detection of apnea, prompting immediate intervention to restore ventilation. Studies have shown that capnographic monitoring is associated with a reduction of hypoxemia during sedation for endoscopy and early detection of apnea during sedation for colonoscopy. The primary aim of this prospective randomized study was to evaluate whether capnographic monitoring without tracheal intubation reduces hypoxemia during propofol-based sedation in patients undergoing colonoscopy.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 533 patients presenting for colonoscopy at two study sites were randomized to either standard monitoring (n = 266) or to standard monitoring with capnography (n = 267). The incidence of hypoxemia (SO2 < 90 %) and severe hypoxemia (SO2 < 85 %) were compared between the groups. Furthermore, risk factors for hypoxemia were evaluated, and sedation performed by anesthesiologists was compared with nurse-administered propofol sedation (NAPS) or endoscopist-directed sedation (EDS).
RESULTS: The incidence of hypoxemia was significantly lower in patients with capnography monitoring compared with those receiving standard monitoring (18 % vs. 32 %; P = 0.00091). Independent risk factors for hypoxemia were age (P = 0.00015), high body mass index (P = 0.0044), history of sleep apnea (P = 0.025), standard monitoring group (P = 0.000069), total dose of propofol (P = 0.031), and dose of ketamine (P < 0.000001). Patients receiving anesthesiologist-administered sedation developed hypoxemic events more often than those receiving NAPS or EDS. In patients with anesthesiologist-administered sedation, sedation was deeper, a combination of sedative medication (propofol, midazolam and/or ketamine) was administered significantly more often, and sedative doses were significantly higher compared with patients receiving NAPS or EDS.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing colonoscopy during propofol-based sedation capnography monitoring with a simple and inexpensive device reduced the incidence of hypoxemia.
Objectives: Previous studies investigating speech perception in noise have typically been conducted with static masker positions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of spatial separation of source and masker (spatial release from masking, SRM) in a moving masker setup and to evaluate the impact of adaptive beamforming in comparison with fixed directional microphones in cochlear implant (CI) users.
Design: Speech reception thresholds (SRT) were measured in S0N0 and in a moving masker setup (S0Nmove) in 12 normal hearing participants and 14 CI users (7 subjects bilateral, 7 bimodal with a hearing aid in the contralateral ear). Speech processor settings were a moderately directional microphone, a fixed beamformer, or an adaptive beamformer. The moving noise source was generated by means of wave field synthesis and was smoothly moved in a shape of a half-circle from one ear to the contralateral ear. Noise was presented in either of two conditions: continuous or modulated.
Results: SRTs in the S0Nmove setup were significantly improved compared to the S0N0 setup for both the normal hearing control group and the bilateral group in continuous noise, and for the control group in modulated noise. There was no effect of subject group. A significant effect of directional sensitivity was found in the S0Nmove setup. In the bilateral group, the adaptive beamformer achieved lower SRTs than the fixed beamformer setting. Adaptive beamforming improved SRT in both CI user groups substantially by about 3 dB (bimodal group) and 8 dB (bilateral group) depending on masker type.
Conclusions: CI users showed SRM that was comparable to normal hearing subjects. In listening situations of everyday life with spatial separation of source and masker, directional microphones significantly improved speech perception with individual improvements of up to 15 dB SNR. Users of bilateral speech processors with both directional microphones obtained the highest benefit.
Der Beitrag ruft die zentralen Überlegungen Hugo Sinzheimers zur sozialen Selbstbestimmung, zur Arbeitsverfassung, zum Arbeitsrecht als ein die Grenzen zwischen Zivilrecht und öffentlichem Recht sprengenden Rechtsgebiet sui generis und zur Rechtssoziologie ins Gedächtnis, um daraus einige Folgerungen für die Arbeitsrechtswissenschaft am Fachbereich Rechtswissenschaft der Goethe Universität abzuleiten.
Versorger und Regulierer? Der Islamische Staat und die Krise der Staatlichkeit in der MENA-Region
(2015)
Teil XI unserer Serie zum „Islamischen Staat“. Die große Aufmerksamkeit für den Islamischen Staat (IS) hängt nicht nur mit dessen militärischen Erfolgen zusammen, sondern auch mit seinem Anspruch, einen neuen Staat aufzubauen. Das Phänomen der hohen Anzahl ausländischer Kämpfer gerade aus den Ländern Nordafrikas und des Nahen Ostens scheint die Anschlussfähigkeit dieser Idee zu unterstreichen. Inwieweit der Anspruch auf Staatsaufbau tatsächlich eingelöst werden kann, hinterfrage ich in diesem Beitrag. Danach beleuchte ich die Ausgangslage ausländischer Kämpfer aus der MENA-Region und vertrete die These, dass die Attraktivität des IS für viele junge Männer vor allem auf der Krise der Staatlichkeit in ihren Heimatländern basiert.
The neutron capture cross section of the s-process branch nucleus 63Ni affects the abundances of other nuclei in its region, especially 63Cu and 64Zn. In order to determine the energy-dependent neutron capture cross section in the astrophysical energy region, an experiment at the Los Alamos National Laboratory has been performed using the calorimetric 4πBaF2 array DANCE. The (n,γ) cross section of 63Ni has been determined relative to the well-known 197Au standard with uncertainties below 15%. Various 63Ni resonances have been identified based on the Q value. Furthermore, the s-process sensitivity of the new values was analyzed with the new network calculation tool NETZ.
The pressure on tax haven countries to engage in tax information exchange shows first effects on capital markets. Empirical research suggests that investors do react to information exchange and partially withdraw from previous secrecy jurisdictions that open up to information exchange. While some of the economic literature emphasizes possible positive effects of tax havens, the present paper argues that proponents of positive effects may have started from questionable premises, in particular when it comes to the effects that tax havens have for emerging markets like China and India.
Greece: threatening recovery
(2015)
Despite the catastrophic phase between 2008 and the end of 2014, much of a previously unsustainable development has been corrected in Greece and there are clear signs that the deterioration came to a halt in 2014. But what is publicly known about the priorities of the newly elected Syriza government suggests that they may be going largely into the wrong direction.
In Absatz 3 des Artikel 136 des Vertrags über die Arbeitsweise der EU (AEUV) wurde für die Verwendung von ESM Geldern festgelegt, dass diese nur dann zur Gewährung von Finanzhilfen verwendet werden dürfen, wenn „... dies unabdingbar ist, um die Stabilität des Euro-Währungsgebiets insgesamt zu wahren." Im vorliegenden Artikel argumentiert Alfons Weichenrieder, dass die nach dem griechischen Referendum entstandene Situation, die Stabilität des “Euro-Währungsgebiets insgesamt" nicht bedroht, so dass die Vergabe von neuen Krediten, zumal diese voraussichtlich unter weichen und im Zweifel nicht durchsetzbaren Auflagen vergeben würden, ein offensichtlicher Verstoß gegen die Grundlagen des ESM wäre.
Die deutsche Steuerpolitik kombiniert hohe Steuersätze mit zahlreichen Ausnahmen. Das reißt Gerechtigkeitslücken, lenkt Investitionen in die falschen Zwecke und verkompliziert das Steuersystem mitunter bis zur Unkenntlichkeit. Bei der Erbschaftsteuer ist dies besonders augenfällig. Der Versuch mit minimalinvasiven Korrekturen Konsistenz in die Erbschaft- und Schenkungsteuer zu bringen ist fast zwangsläufig zum Scheitern verurteilt. Vieles spricht stattdessen für deutlich abgesenkte Steuersätze und eine gleichzeitige Abschaffung der Vergünstigungen für Betriebsvermögen.