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Volker Woltersdorff's essay 'Sexual Ghosts and the Whole of History: Queer Historiography, Post-Slavery Subjectivities, and Sadomasochism in Isaac Julien's "The Attendant"' discusses the controversial concept of wholeness in historiography with regard to the fascination with past horrors and the desire to do justice to their victims who retain a ghostly presence. The essay retraces how this commitment produces a dilemma, as it can result either in the aspiration to historical wholeness as full memoralization or alternatively in the radical rejection of wholeness as an impossible healing. Employing Elizabeth Freeman's notion of 'erotohistoriography', Woltersdorff introduces affect into the work of historiography in order to find an escape from the dilemmatic impasse between history's wholeness as pacified reconciliation and as ongoing catastrophe along the lines of Walter Benjamin. Sadomasochism is presented as a practice that may correspond most adequately to the paradoxical affect caused by traumatic history that continues to haunt the present. Indeed, re-enactments of historical oppression and violence occur frequently within the BDSM community. However, what distinguishes them from 'living history' re-enactments is their potential to modify affective attachments to history by altering the historical script. The essay elaborates this potential through Isaac Julien's 1993 short film "The Attendant", which, in a kind of queer re-enactment, overwrites the memory of colonial chattel slavery by a sadomasochistic encounter of a black guardian and a white visitor in a museum dedicated to the history of slavery. The film raises the ethical and political question of how to relate affectively to the legacy and ongoing presence of racism. Against this backdrop, the author argues that, through the BDSM scenario and its changes to the historical script, Julien's film represents and promotes a paradoxical way to perform both the memorialization and the forgetting of past horrors and pleasures. Here, historical wholeness acquires a conflicting double meaning of both achieving completeness and restoring integrity. Woltersdorff concludes by interpreting "The Attendant" as urging a utopian perspective, produced by the tension between the impossibility of history's wholeness and the necessary, reparative desire for it. The article concludes by highlighting the paradox that Julien's film shows wholeness 'to be impossible and yet necessary' and 'expresses a necessary desire made impossible'. While the essay explicitly engages with the figure of haunting, one could perhaps speak here also of plasticity insofar as the contradictory conjunction of remembering and forgetting seems to rely on a malleability of affects and on producing an affective economy that sustains the fantasmatic remembrance of a painful past through paradoxical pleasure but breaks with any pleasure derived from real inequality, injustice, or suffering imparted non-consensually.
[E]in genauerer Blick auf 'Schindler's List' [kann] den skizzierten Tenor der deutschen Rezeption, es handele sich um einen ,,zutiefst unideologischen Film" […] von quasi-dokumentarischer Authentizität, nicht bestätigen […]. Weder ähnelt der Film in seiner Gestaltung einem dokumentarischen Darstellungsstil, noch ist er historisch getreu. Vielmehr versucht Spielberg das Dilemma einer künstlerischen Gestaltung des Holocaust zu lösen, indem er das historische Material […] zu schematisierten Formen von Erfahrung [bündelt], deren stereotype Prägnanz und kalkulierte Wirkungskraft zu einer gewissen Enthistorisierung des dargestellten Geschehens führen. [Dies] zielt auf eine kathartische Teilnahme am Schicksal der Protagonisten, auf identifikatorischen Jammer und anteilnehmenden Schauder […], eine besondere, ästhetische Form der Lust. […] Einige Kritiker des Films haben ihn deswegen als "seelische Schnell-Reinigung, als Instant-Absolution, als Gefühls-Quickie" kritisiert […], andere sahen darin gerade den "Geniestreich" Spielbergs, weil so "das von Schindler Vorgelebte und im Film Vorgeführte zum Vorbild wird". […]. Man kann diesen Konflikt […] als Ausdruck einer allgemeineren kulturellen Situation beschreiben: Der weltweite Erfolg der Authentizitätsfiktion von 'Schindler's List' wäre dann Folge einer distanzierteren kulturellen Haltung gegenüber dem Holocaust, die nicht den Authentizitätskriterien solcher Zuschauer genügt, die persönliche Erfahrungen mit dem Holocaust verbinden.