BDSL-Klassifikation: 02.00.00 Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft > 02.09.00 Deutsche Sprachgeschichte > 02.09.09 Frühneuhochdeutsch
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Im Folgenden versuche ich auf einige relevante Triebkräfte aufmerksam zu machen, die in den Mischungsprozessen in den Inselmundarten der frühneuhochdeutschen Zeit in Mähren wirksam wurden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist noch darauf hinzuweisen, was bereits implizit angedeutet wurde, dass sich die Tendenzen zur Mischung in Mähren auch deswegen etwas anders gestalten als im Binnenland, weil es sich um eine Sprachinselproblematik handelt. […] Vorausschicken möchte ich allerdings noch zwei Bemerkungen: 1. Ich konzentriere mich mehr auf die Triebkräfte der Mischung als auf das – wenn auch sprachtheoretisch sehr wichtige, so doch sehr komplizierte – Verhältnis zwischen der Mischung und dem Sprachausgleich und 2. stehen in meinen Ausführungen mehr sprachexterne als sprachinterne Motivationen im Vordergrund.
The study presented in this article investigates the resources of legal terminology used in an important legal document written by the Olomouc court scribe Jindřich Polan. The first part of the study describes the development of German legal terminology in four stages, from the compilation of the 'Sachsenspiegel' until the beginning of the 19th century. The second part deals with the characteristics of German legal terms in Polan's regulations, and the third part discusses the use of legal terminology of Latin origin in the same document. Polan's approach to Latin loanwords is also analyzed - especially his approach to their semanticization, which is intended to simplify users' understanding of the text and the morphology of loanwords.
The article presents a chronicle of the town of Kaaden (Kadaň) dating from the 16th century, currently held in Prague's Monastery of Our Lady of the Snows. It explores several aspects of Humanistic urban history writing, including the presence of the author in the text of the chronicle, the methodology of the author's historiographic work, and his choice and use of language (German, Latin). The study also presents this chronicle as an interesting and important source of information on writing practices in north-west Bohemia from a text-analytical perspective.
Based on translations of the Lord's Prayer (Mt 6, 9-13) and translations of other Bible passages dating from 1522 to 2017, Luther's working processes were reconstructed and his influence on later editions of his Bible was traced. It becomes evident that Luther wanted not 'merely' to translate the Bible, but to actually write a German Bible.
Frühneuhochdeutsche Register mündlicher Kommunikation in Olmützer Prozessakten von 1550 bis 1630
(2018)
One of the significant fields of institutional communication in the Early New High German period was the legal system. It can therefore be assumed that court documents from that era include elements of the contemporary spoken language. This paper presents the results of a corpus analysis examining 40 examples of two text types in court documents - witness accounts and testimonies of men tortured on the rack. Elements of the spoken language were found on the phonetic/phonological, morphological and syntactic/textual levels.
This paper takes as its starting point several statements by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz on the role of the German language in literary and scholarly life during Leibniz's era. The languages of scholarship were Latin and French, and Leibniz himself published in both these languages. German was the language of practical life. Viewed from this perspective, it was almost inevitable that medieval and early modern medicine - not in the sense of academic theory, but as a practical activity - developed its own fully-fledged specialist language, which was largely based on the vernacular. In her studies of the language of historical medicine, Lenka Vaňková has shown how such vernacular language was (and potentially still is) able to function in specialist domains
Kunínský rukopis R 16 obsahuje několik významných farmaceutických textů. Obsahový a jazykový rozbor traktátu o nádorech doplņuje předcházející jiţ zveřejněné publikace k tomuto rukopisu a poukazuje na provázanost témat, která jsou pojednána v jeho jednotlivých částech.
Článek pojednává o zlomku lékařského receptu z 15. stoletì, který je v současné době uchováván pod signaturou I E a 16 v Oddělenì rukopisů a starých tisků Knihovny Národnìho muzea v Praze, a zabývá se dìlčìmi aspekty textové analýzy v oblasti grafematiky, fonetiky, morfologie, syntaxe a slovnì zásoby.
The Early New High German period is characterized by the reduction of the former four-stage ablaut system (e. g. werfen inf. - warf pret.sg. - wurfen pret. pl. - geworfen past part.) into a three-stage system (werfen- warf-geworfen), involving the loss of the number distinction in the preterite. In earlier approaches this development has been analyzed as being triggered by the functional discrepancy between three tenses and four ablaut stages, or, as put forward by natural morphologists, by the adaptation of the strong verb system to the more natural weak verb pattern. This paper rejects these hypotheses and argues that the development is best attributed to the growing stem allomorphy in the verbal system (due to phonological changes) and the remarkable decrease in the token frequency of verbs in the preterite, which lead to the loss of the least relevant category distinction, i. e. number.