Linguistik-Klassifikation
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (108)
- Part of a Book (73)
- Working Paper (41)
- Conference Proceeding (7)
- Report (6)
- Part of Periodical (4)
- Preprint (3)
- Review (2)
- Book (1)
Language
- English (151)
- German (76)
- Croatian (9)
- Multiple languages (4)
- Portuguese (3)
- French (2)
Has Fulltext
- yes (245) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (245) (remove)
Keywords
- Morphologie (29)
- Deutsch (28)
- Verb (24)
- Wortbildung (23)
- Spracherwerb (19)
- Morphologie <Linguistik> (16)
- Nominalisierung (15)
- Syntax (12)
- Aspekt <Linguistik> (11)
- Semantik (11)
- Aspekt (10)
- Kompositum (9)
- Morphosyntax (9)
- Englisch (8)
- Kroatisch (8)
- Sprachstatistik (8)
- Suffix (8)
- Ableitung <Linguistik> (7)
- Kindersprache (7)
- Phonologie (7)
- Russisch (7)
- Sprachtypologie (7)
- Grammatikalisation (6)
- Japanisch (6)
- Linguistik (6)
- Morphonologie (6)
- Thema-Rhema-Gliederung (6)
- Flexion (5)
- Griechisch (5)
- Intonation <Linguistik> (5)
- Pronomen (5)
- Sinotibetische Sprachen (5)
- Affix (4)
- Bantusprachen (4)
- Baskisch (4)
- Französisch (4)
- Genus (4)
- Komposition <Wortbildung> (4)
- Kontrastive Linguistik (4)
- Neugriechisch (4)
- Nominalkompositum (4)
- Optimalitätstheorie (4)
- Possessivität (4)
- Tagalog (4)
- Verbalnomen (4)
- Adjektiv (3)
- Frühneuhochdeutsch (3)
- Fugenelement (3)
- Genitiv (3)
- Historische Morphologie (3)
- Inkorporation <Linguistik> (3)
- Kajkavisch (3)
- Lokativ (3)
- Mittelenglisch (3)
- Morphem (3)
- Nomen (3)
- Partikelverb (3)
- Perfekt (3)
- Produktivität <Linguistik> (3)
- Prosodie (3)
- Spanisch (3)
- Syntaktische Kongruenz (3)
- Tibetobirmanische Sprachen (3)
- Tschechisch (3)
- Valenz <Linguistik> (3)
- Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft (3)
- Verwandtschaftsbezeichnung (3)
- Affigierung (2)
- Althochdeutsch (2)
- Argumentstruktur (2)
- Artikel (2)
- Austronesische Sprachen (2)
- Bahasa Indonesia (2)
- Belharisch (2)
- Deklination (2)
- Denominativ (2)
- Deverbativ (2)
- Dialektologie (2)
- Ergativ (2)
- Fremdsprachenlernen (2)
- Germanistik (2)
- Historische Sprachwissenschaft (2)
- Hypotaxe (2)
- Informationsstruktur (2)
- Interrogativsatz (2)
- Inuktitut (2)
- Kanuri-Sprache (2)
- Kasussynkretismus (2)
- Katalanisch (2)
- Kausativ (2)
- Konjugation (2)
- Konjunktiv (2)
- Kontamination <Wortbildung> (2)
- Kontrastive Morphologie (2)
- Konversion <Linguistik> (2)
- Lexikalisierung (2)
- Mittelhochdeutsch (2)
- Modalverb (2)
- Niederländisch (2)
- Parataxe (2)
- Phrasenkompositum (2)
- Possessivkonstruktion (2)
- Proto-Tibetobirmanisch (2)
- Prädikation (2)
- Präfix (2)
- Relativsatz (2)
- Rumänisch (2)
- Satz (2)
- Sprachnorm (2)
- Substantiv (2)
- Suffixbildung (2)
- Swahili (2)
- Tempus (2)
- Tibetobirmanische Sprachen ; Sinotibetische Sprachen (2)
- Verben (2)
- Vergangenheitstempus (2)
- Wirtschaftssprache (2)
- Wortstellung (2)
- (Morpho)syntactic focus strategy (1)
- Agrammatismus (1)
- Akan-Sprache (1)
- Akkusativ (1)
- Aktant (1)
- Aktionsart (1)
- Aktiv (1)
- Akzent (1)
- Allomorph (1)
- Altenglisch (1)
- Altkirchenslawisch (1)
- Amerikanisches Englisch (1)
- Anapher <Syntax> (1)
- Anrede (1)
- Antikausativ (1)
- Antonym (1)
- Assimilation <Phonetik> (1)
- Attributives Partizip (1)
- Aufsatzsammlung (1)
- Australische Sprachen (1)
- Aymará-Sprache (1)
- Bantu (1)
- Baushi (1)
- Bedeutungswandel (1)
- Bestimmter Artikel (1)
- Binarismus (1)
- Broad focus (1)
- Bulgarisch (1)
- Cahuilla-Sprache (1)
- Chatten <Kommunikation> (1)
- Clitic-Doubling (1)
- Consecutio temporum (1)
- Dativus ethicus (1)
- Determinativkompositum (1)
- Diachronie (1)
- Distribution <Linguistik> (1)
- Drung (1)
- Epenthese (1)
- Etymologie (1)
- Evidentialität (1)
- Finite Verbform (1)
- Finnisch (1)
- Flexion / Morphologie <Linguistik> (1)
- Focus ambiguity (1)
- Focus marker (1)
- Formale Semantik (1)
- Frau (1)
- Frühneuenglisch (1)
- Gefühl (1)
- Gefühlsausdruck (1)
- Generative Transformationsgrammatik (1)
- Genuszuweisung (1)
- Germanismus (1)
- Geschehensverb (1)
- Glottisverschlusslaut (1)
- Gradpartikel (1)
- Grammatik (1)
- Grammatikalität (1)
- Grammatiklehrbuch (1)
- Grammatiktheorie (1)
- Grammatische Kategorie (1)
- Grenzüberschreitung (1)
- Gur (1)
- Hausa-Sprache (1)
- Hebräisch (1)
- Herero-Sprache (1)
- Hilfsverb (1)
- Homonymie (1)
- Imperfektiv (1)
- Inchoativ (1)
- Indogermanische Sprachen (1)
- Indogermanistik (1)
- Infix (1)
- Inhärenz (1)
- Internetsprache (1)
- Inversion <Grammatik> (1)
- Irisch (1)
- Jiddisch (1)
- Jukagirisch (1)
- Juxtaposition (1)
- Kasus (1)
- Keltische Sprachen (1)
- Kiranti (1)
- Klitisierung (1)
- Koartikulation (1)
- Kollektivum (1)
- Komparation (1)
- Konditionalsatz (1)
- Kongress (1)
- Konstruktion <Linguistik> (1)
- Konstruktionsgrammatik (1)
- Konstruktivismus <Philosophie> (1)
- Kontrolle <Linguistik> (1)
- Korpus <Linguistik> (1)
- Kulturvermittlung (1)
- Kutenai (1)
- Kwa-Sprachen (1)
- KwaNdebele (1)
- Körperteil (1)
- Lateinisch (1)
- Lautsymbolik (1)
- Lexikologie (1)
- Lexikostatistik (1)
- Litauisch (1)
- Literatursprache (1)
- Logische Partikel (1)
- Luxemburgisch (1)
- Makua-Sprache (1)
- Malagassi-Sprache (1)
- Malawi (1)
- Manx (1)
- Marker <Linguistik> (1)
- Markiertheit (1)
- Maya-Sprache (1)
- Mehrworteinheit (1)
- Mittelniederländisch (1)
- Modus (1)
- Mohawk (1)
- Move-alpha (1)
- Mundart Westfälisch <Ruhrgebiet> (1)
- Nama-Sprache (1)
- Natürliche Morphologie (1)
- Negation (1)
- Nenzisch (1)
- Newari (1)
- Niger-Kongo-Sprachen (1)
- Nilosaharanische Sprachen (1)
- Nomen actionis (1)
- Nominaldeverbativum (1)
- Nullmorphem (1)
- Numerale (1)
- Nungisch (1)
- Oberflächenstruktur <Linguistik> (1)
- Palatalisierung (1)
- Palaung (1)
- Partizip (1)
- Partizipation (1)
- Patholinguistik (1)
- Pejorativ (1)
- Perfektiv (1)
- Personenname (1)
- Phonästhem (1)
- Plural (1)
- Plusquamperfekt (1)
- Podravina (1)
- Polnisch (1)
- Portugiesisch (1)
- Portugiesisch / Brasilien (1)
- Posavina / Mundart (1)
- Pragmatik (1)
- Pro-Form (1)
- Präfixbildung (1)
- Präfixverb (1)
- Präsens (1)
- Raising (1)
- Rap (1)
- Reanalyse (1)
- Rechtschreibung (1)
- Reduplikation (1)
- Register <Linguistik> (1)
- Resultativ (1)
- Ripuarisch (1)
- Romanische Sprachen (1)
- Semantische Kongruenz (1)
- Semasiologie (1)
- Serbokroatisch (1)
- Sexismus (1)
- Skandinavische Sprachen (1)
- Slawische Sprachen (1)
- Slowenisch (1)
- Spaltsatz (1)
- Sprachhandeln (1)
- Sprachkontakt (1)
- Sprachphilosophie (1)
- Sprachunterricht (1)
- Sprachwandel (1)
- Sprechakt (1)
- Stativ <Grammatik> (1)
- Stokavisch (1)
- Substantivierter Infinitiv (1)
- Suppire (1)
- Suppire-Sprache (1)
- Synchronie (1)
- Tadijanovi´c, Blaz (1)
- Temporalität (1)
- Textlinguistik (1)
- Textsorte (1)
- Tharaka (1)
- Thematische Relation (1)
- Tiefenstruktur (1)
- Tone language (1)
- Tongaisch (1)
- Tonologie (1)
- Topikalisierung (1)
- Transitivierung (1)
- Tschechische Republik (1)
- Tswana (1)
- Tswana-Sprache (1)
- Tätigkeitsverb (1)
- Türkisch (1)
- Ungarisch (1)
- Verbalisierung (1)
- Verbalstamm (1)
- Wissensvermittlung (1)
- Wogulisch (1)
- Wortfeld (1)
- Wortverbindung (1)
- Yoruba-Sprache (1)
- Zusammenbildung (1)
- Zusammenschreibung (1)
- Zustandsverb (1)
- ge <Morphem> (1)
- i-Stamm (1)
- su (1)
- Österreichisches Deutsch (1)
- Übersetzung (1)
Institute
Crosslinguistic research on the production of tense morphology in child language has shown that young children use past or perfective forms mainly with telic predicates and present or imperfective forms mainly with atelic predicates. However, this pattern, which has come to be known as the Aspect First Hypothesis, has been challenged in a number of comprehension studies. These studies suggest that children do not rely on aspectual information for their interpretation of tense morphology. The present paper tests the validity of the Aspect First Hypothesis in child Greek by investigating Greek-speaking children’s early comprehension of present, past and future tense morphology as well as the role that lexical aspect plays in the early use of tense morphology. It is suggested that although Greek-speaking children have not yet fully mapped the tense concepts to the correct tense morphology, tense acquisition does not seem to be significantly affected by the aspectual characteristics (i.e. the telicity) of the verb.
Our results indicate some differences in the use of aspect between French and Croatian speaking children. In Croatian language children always manage to keep the appropriate aspect, unlike French children. However, the imperfective aspect seems to be better acquired in French children than the perfective aspect. The perfective aspect, the marked form both in French as well as in Croatian, is related to the lexical meaning of the verbs. The acquisition of the Aktionsart in both languages seems to be more a matter of semantics than of morphology. Furthermore, our data suggest the existence of a specific developmental trend in the use of Aktionsart (intensive, iterative and inchoative), which is similar for children speaking Slavic and Romanic languages.
This paper reports results from a series of experiments that investigated whether semantic and/or syntactic complexity influences young Dutch children’s production of past tense forms. The constructions used in the three experiments were (i) simple sentences (the Simple Sentence Experiment), (ii) complex sentences with CP complements (the Complement Clause Experiment) and (iii) complex sentences with relative clauses (the Relative Clause Experiment). The stimuli involved both atelic and telic predicates. The goal of this paper is to address the following questions.
Q1. Does semantic complexity regarding temporal anchoring influence the types of errors that children make in the experiments? For example, do children make certain types of errors when a past tense has to be anchored to the Utterance Time (UT), as compared to when it has to be anchored to the matrix topic time (TT)?
Q2. Do different syntactic positions influence children’s performance on past-tense production? Do children perform better in the Simple Sentence Experiment compared to complex sentences involving two finite clauses (the Complement Clause Experiment and the Relative Clause Experiment)? In complex sentence trials, do children perform differently when the CPs are complements vs. when the CPs are adjunct clauses? (Lebeaux 1990, 2000)
Q3. Do Dutch children make more errors with certain types of predicate (such as atelic predicates)? Alternatively, do children produce a certain type of error with a certain type of predicates (such as producing a perfect aspect with punctual predicates)? Bronckart and Sinclair (1973), for example, found that until the age of 6, French children showed a tendency to use passé composé with perfective events and simple present with imperfective events; we will investigate whether or not the equivalent of this is observed in Dutch.
The focus of the present paper is on the difference between English and German learners‘ use of perfectivity and imperfectivity. The latter is expressed by means of suffixation (suffix -va-). In contrast, perfectivity is encoded either by suffixation (-nou-) or by prefixation (twenty different prefixes that mostly modify not only aspectual but also lexical properties of the verb).
In the native Czech data set, there is no significant difference between the number of imperfectively and perfectively marked verb forms. In the English data, imperfectively and perfectively marked verb forms are equally represented as well. However, German learners use significantly more perfective forms than English learners and Czech natives. When encoding perfectivity in Czech, German learners prefer to use prefixes to suffixes. Overall, English learners in comparison to German learners encode more perfectives by means of suffixation than prefixation.
These results suggest that German learners of Czech focus on prefixes expressing aspectual and lexical modification of the verb, while English learners rather pay attention to the aspectual opposition between perfective and imperfective. In a more abstract way, the German learner group focuses on the operations carried out on the left side from the verb stem while the English learner group concentrates on the operations performed on the right side qfrom the verb stem.
This sensitivity can be to certain degree motivated by the linguistic devices of the corresponding source languages: English learners of Czech use imperfectives mainly because English has marked fully grammatical form for the expression of imperfective aspect – the progressive -ing form. German learners, on the other hand, pay in Czech more attention to the prefixes, which like in German modify the lexical meaning of the verb. In this manner, Czech prefixes used for perfectivization function similar to the German verbal prefixes (such as ab-, ver-) modifying Aktionsart.
In this study explanations are sought for the often reported associations in child language between tense/aspect morphology and situation type. The study is done on the basis of adult-adult data, child language and input language to the children. First of all it is shown that the associations are natural, since they are strong in adult-adult English as well. Only in the early stages does child language differ from this distribution, in that the associations are either stronger or different. Input data appear to account to a large extent for these differing patterns. An additional explanation is found in the discourse topics: within the context of talking about the here-and-now, the combinations of morphology and situation type that can be seen as unmarked suffice. In the context of talking about past events and of giving general comments about the world, marked combinations are necessary. It is shown that children in and their parents at the early ages mainly talk about the here-and-now, whereas adults among themselves hardly ever do so. Later, describing past events and commenting on the world becomes more frequent in child language and input, and, as a consequence, marked combinations of tense/aspect morphology and situation types increase in use.
This paper reviews research on English past-tense acquisition to test the validity of the single mechanism model and the dual mechanism model, focusing on regular-irregular dissociation and semantic bias. Based on the review, it is suggested that in L1 acquisition, both regular and irregular verbs are governed by semantics; that is, early use of past tense forms are restricted to achievement verbs—regular or irregular. In contrast, some L2 acquisition studies show stronger semantic bias for regular past tense forms (e.g., Housen, 2002, Rohde, 1996). It is argued that L1 acquisition of the past-tense morphology can be accounted for more adequately by the single-mechanism model.
While both Japanese and English have a grammatic al form denoting the progressive, the two forms (te-iru & be+ing) interact differently with the inherent semantics of the verb to which they attach (Kindaichi, 1950; McClure, 1995; Shirai, 2000). Japanese change of state verbs are incompatible with a progressive interpretation, allowing only a resultative interpretation of V+ te-iru, while a progressive interpretation is preferred for activity predicates. English be+ing denotes a progressive interpretation regardless of the lexical semantics of the verb. The question that arises is how we can account for the fact that change of state verbs like dying can denote a progressive interpretation in English, but not in Japanese. While researchers such as Kageyama (1996) and Ogihara (1998, 1999) propose that the difference lies in the lexical semantics of the verbs themselves, others such as McClure (1995) have argued that the difference lies in the semantics of the grammatical forms, be+ing and te-iru. We present results from an experimental study of Japanese learners’ interpretation of the English progressive which provide support for McClure’s proposal. Results indicate that independent of verb type, learners had significantly more difficulty with the past progressive. We argue that knowledge of L2 semantics-syntax correspondences proceeds not on the basis of L1 lexical semantic knowledge, but on the basis of grammatical forms.
Die vorliegende Arbeit soll sich mit dem „Zusammenziehen von Wörtern“ beschäftigen, das als typisch für die „Pottsprache“ […] angesehen wird. Dieses Zusammenziehen soll innerhalb der Klitisierungsforschung anhand zweier Fälle untersucht werden. Zum einen sollen reduzierte Formen der Pronomina und zum anderen reduzierte Artikelformen, nämlich die des bestimmten und des unbestimmten Artikels, als Untersuchungsgegenstand dienen. Dieses soll auf einer empirischen Basis, dass heißt auf der Basis von erhobenen und analysierten Sprachdaten, geschehen. Der erste Schritt soll dabei eine Darstellung der hier behandelten Sprachvarietät sein. […] Der zweite Schritt besteht in einer Darstellung der Theorie der Klitisierung […] Nachdem der Hintergrund dieser Arbeit dargestellt worden ist, folgt die eigentliche Analyse. Zunächst wird die Klitisierung von Pronomina untersucht […], dann die von Artikelformen […]. Beide Phänomene werden nacheinander auf ihre Eigenschaften hin untersucht, um dann zum Schluss zu einer Hypothese aus der bisherigen Forschung, nämlich die der flektierten Präpositionen, Stellung zu beziehen […]. Abschließend soll versucht werden die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit in den Forschungsstand bei der Erforschung von Klitisierung auf der einen Seite und der Varietät Ruhrdeutsch auf der anderen Seite einzuordnen […].
Unter “Kasussynkretismus” versteht man den Wegfall von morphologischen Unterscheidungen im Kasussystem einer Sprache. Hier will ich über den Synkretismus sprechen, der im Deutschen im Femininum stattgefunden hat. Im Gegensatz zum Maskulinum, aber ebenso wie im Neutrum, unterscheidet das Deutsche systematisch nicht zwischen der Nominativform und der Akkusativform.