Pandaemonium Germanicum Nr. 7
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The relevance of the work and the influence of Franz Rosenzweig, a German Jewish philosopher of the beginning of the last century; are still to get the appreciation they deserve. Rosenzweig was the author of one of the greatest – and less read – books of the 20th century, "The Star of Redemption", where he develops his philosophical system mainly on basis of theological categories. To the "monologue of the I" of mainstream philosophy, Rosenzweig opposes a "new thinking", of existential character, which values orality and the "other", and where language substitutes reason as a tool for thought. In it one can find some correspondences with the thought of Walter Benjamin. This "new thinking", also, strongly influenced Emmanuel Levinas and nowadays bears its fruits within "linguistic turn" philosophy and theology, and post-modern Jewish thought. This philosophy found in Rosenzweig's work in translation one of its main practical applications. To translate was for Rosenzweig a necessity, emanating from an ethics constituted as "first philosophy". This article examines some aspects of Rosenzweig's writings from where his "philosophy of translation" is made explicit.
The present article analyzes the development of the system of spatial prepositions in the acquisition of German as a foreign language by Brazilian learners. The study is based on a corpus of written language data produced by students in the undergraduate course in Letras, collected from 1996 to 1998. The theoretical bases of the study are theories of second language acquisition, cognitive processing of space, and the linguistic encoding of spatial relations through prepositions. The main section of the analysis begins with the quantitative evaluation of the occurrences of spatial prepositions found in the data. Subsequently, each preposition found in the corpus is individually discussed in relation to its correct and incorrect uses. The main results are a steady increase in the number of spatial prepositions used by the subjects from the first year to the fourth year of the course, an increase in the variation of the use of these prepositions, and a constant reduction of the percentage of incorrect uses. In the first phase, acquisition can be seen in the increasing specificity of the semantic oppositions involved in neutralizations, whereas in the second phase, a quantitative reduction of errors can be found.
Sprache ist der Grundstein in der Bildung und im Zusammenhalt soziokultureller Gruppen. Jedoch wird sie auch so von der Gruppe beeinflusst, dass sich verschiedene soziokulturelle Konventionen unbewusst in den sprachlichen Beiträgen von Mitgliedern solcher Gruppen widerspiegeln. Bei Interaktionen zwischen Sprechern verschiedener Kulturen können Unstimmigkeiten der Erwartungen in Bezug auf den Konversationsstil zu Missverständnissen führen, sowie zu Konflikten und sogar zur Bildung bzw. Verstärkung von Stereotypen. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist, einige Beispiele und Überlegungen bezüglich der Beziehung zwischen Konversationsstil und Interkulturalität in Anlehnung an den Ausdruck von Dissens zu präsentieren.
This paper presents a definition of phraseology, and based on this definition it establishes the different types of phraseological units. Then it tries to characterize the idiomatic expression as a metaphoric expression within the scope of phraseologisms, and presents a morpho-syntactic classification of these idioms. The next step consists of a comparison between verbal idiomatic expressions in German and Brazilian Portuguese in order to establish a typology of equivalences between the two languages. It also compares same type of. restrictions which occur in idiomatic expressions of both languages, and emphasizes the importance of register in some of the expressions.
The article describes and analyses the attitudes of ruling and opposing elites towards the cultural and architectural heritage as it is articulated in the novels of two prominent authors of the intellectual opposition in Western (Böll) and Eastern Germany (Loest). Böll emphasizes the necessity of destroying cultural patrimony in order to recover its memorial function in the west, whereas Loest pleads for the resistance: against the official policy of destruction in the east. Preservation of historical monuments in both cases is seen in function of the interests of the living generation, not as a value in itself.
Der chilenische Autor Carlos Cerda (1942-2001), der 12 Jahre seines Exils in Berlin – in dem Teil, der Hauptstadt der DDR war – verbracht hat (1973-1985), veröffentlicht nach seiner Rückkehr nach Chile "Morir en Berlin" (1993). Der Roman erzählt vom Schicksal einer kleinen Gruppe chilenischer Exilanten, für die Berlin der Ort eines vielfachen Verlustes – Verlust der Heimat, der politischen Überzeugung und im Fall der beiden Protagonisten Maria und Lorena, auch Verlust ihrer Ehegemeinschaft – wird. Nur von dem Altparteimitglied Don CarIos wird unter Verleugnung seiner eigenen subjektiven Ansprüche der real existierende Sozialismus noch verteidigt.
Das geteilte Berlin, so die These dieses Beitrags, ist nicht nur Schauplatz einer umfassenden Desillusion, sondern es wird zu einem mythischen Ort des Verlustes und des Übergangs vom Leben in den Tod. Dementsprechend werden von der Stadt nur die Bilder und Szenen wahrgenommen, die die im Text selbst zitierten Mythen, vor allem Wagners "Fliegender Holländer" und Euripides' "Medea" noch verstärken.
Diese Mythisierung Berlins, so eine weitere These, geschieht allerdings nicht willkürlich, sondern sie wird von der Gesamtheit der Berlin-Diskurse des 20. Jahrhunderts provoziert.
The opposition city-country which appears already in Vergils Georgics and becomes very relevant in the British and French poetry of the 18th and 19th centuries, will be treated at first with regard to the German tradition of 'city-poetry'. Since about 1900 the phenomenon of the big city (metropolis) combines with demoniac and sublime motives, while French, English or American authors (Baudelaire, Wordsworth, Whitman) saw the city from a less ideological perspective. Only in the postwar-decade – after some anticipations by authors of Expressionism like Ernst Stadler or Gottfried Benn – the pluralistic, hybrid character of the city will be discovered also in German poetology. Some examples of Modern North American and Brazilian poetry will be analyzed in the last chapter of the article.
This article conceives the avant-garde as a form of art that emerges out of the experience with technical progress, city life and new patterns of perception and that succeeded in transforming multiple perspective and simultaneity of urban life into a central principle for their production. Analyzed are the European avant-gardes as well as their influences on Brazilian literature and painting in the 20s. Furthermore we take a look at concrete poetry of the 50's as a literary pendant to architectonic concepts of cities like São Paulo and Brasília.