Insecta Mundi, Volume 16 (2002)
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The parajulid milliped genus Pseudojulus Bollman comprises four species: P. obtectus (Bollman), P.paynei (Hoffman), n. comb., andP. carolinensis andP. coastalis, new species; Arvechambus Causey comprises two species, A. hummi and A. weemsi, both by Causey. Georgiulus Hoffman is placed in synonymy under Fseudojulus; G. hubrichti Hoffman is placed under P. paynei; and A. australis Causey is placed under A. hummi. The genera are sympatric in north Florida and southern Georgia, but Pseudojulus extends northward to coastal South Carolina and southcentral North Carolina, and westward to Alabama west of Mobile Bay. Both genera belong to the Aniulini and possess unique features; in Pseudojulus the anterior gonopod coxae are fused into a "shelf" on the dorsal surface ofthe complex that extends ventrad along the caudal margin and possesses a pair of posterior median syncoxallobes or laminas of varying lengths and configurations. Arvechambus exhibits a suite of apomorphies and is sister to the rest of the tribe collectively: the 8th sternum possesses elevated lateral lobes that overhang the sides ofthe gonopodal aperture; the 7th pleurotergite possesses lobes that also overlie the sides of the aperture; the anterior gonopods lack lateral syncoxal processes, the coxal lobes, much larger than in other tribal genera, arise laterad and obscure part of the telopodite in anterior view, and the telopodite is elongate rather than clavate; and the 2nd pleurotergite in females possesses lobes that overhang and effectively close the cyphopodal aperture.
Previous treatments ofthe east-Nearctic spirobolid genus Narceus Rafinesque have overlooked the name, N. woodruffi Causey. The holotype is lost, but examinations of a non-typical male and two paratype and three non-typical females show it to be a valid species, perhaps endemic to north Florida, distinguished by its small size and the configurations of the gonopods and coxal lobes of legs 3-6 in males. Supplemental anatomical notes are presented on the non-typical male along with comparative drawings of the lobes and gonopods of N. woodruffi, N. american us (Beauvois), and N. annularis (Rafinesque); distributions of species of Narceus in Florida are depicted on a map. Substantial size differences between ostensibly conspecific males of N. american us in Texas and Arkansas suggest that Narceus may be more complex than the current concept
of four species.
Specimens were collected once a week from Mugla province, western Turkey, in 2000 and 2001 from cultured and non-cultured plants. During this study Ophiomyia pulicaria (Meigen, 1830); Aulagromyza buhri (de Meijere, 1938); Chromatomyia scolopendri (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851); Liriomyza flaveola (Fallen 1823); Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, 1938; Phytomyza angelicae Kaltenbach, 1872; Phytomyza conyzae Hering, 1920; Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830; Phytomyza thysselinivora Hering, 1924 are newly recorded for the Turkish leafminer fauna. Morphological descriptions, hosts and their general distributions are given.
A survey of Wisconsin Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) conducted from literature searches, collection inventories, and three years offield work (1997-1999), yielded 177 species representing nine families, two of which, Ochodaeidae and Ceratocanthidae, represent new state family records. Fifty-six species (32% of the Wisconsin fauna) represent new state species records, having not previously been recorded from the state. Literature and collection distributional records suggest the potential for at least 33 additional species to occur in Wisconsin.
The generic and specific composition ofthe Nearctic jumping spiders ofthe subfamily Euophryinae north of Mexico is reviewed, and the biogeographic affinities of the constituent groups are diagnosed. The five North American species of HabrocestUln are removed from that non-euophryine genus; four are placed in the New Genus Naphrys, type species Habrocestum acerbum Peckham & Peckham 1909, creating the following New Combinations: Naphrys acerba (Peckham & Peckham), Naphrys bufoides (Chamberlin & Ivie 1944), Naphrys pulex (Hentz 1846), and Naphrys xerophila (Richman 1981). The fifth species is not an euophryine, and becomes Chinattus parvulus (Banks 1895), New Combination. Four species placed in the genus Tylogonus, another non-euophryine genus, are removed to the New Genus Mexigonus, type species Sidusa minuta F.O.P.-Cambridge 1901, creating the following New Combinations: Mexigonus arizonensis (Banks 1904), Mexigonus dentichelis (F.O.P.-Cambridge 1901),Mexigonus minutus (F.O.P.-Cambridge), and Mexigonus morosus (Peckham & Peckham 1888). One of the two species of Nearctic Euophrys has been misplaced, and becomes Chalcoscirtus diminutus (Banks 1896), New Combination. New state records are reported for Chalcoscirtus diminutus [Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico], Mexigonus minutus [California], Naphrys acerba [New Mexico], and Pseudeuophrys erratica (Walckenaer 1826) [New York]. Of the eight known euophryine genera with Nearctic representatives, Anasaitis (one species) and Cory thalia (two species) are considered Neotropical in origin, whereas Chalcoscirtus (three species), Ezwphrys (one species), and Talavera (one species) are considered Holarctic. The Palaearctic Pseudeuophrys erratica is introduced. The affinities of the apparently endemic Nearctic Naphrys (four species) and Mexigonus (four species) are uncertain at this time. Although not an euophryine, the presence of a species of Chinattus in eastern North America is biogeographically interesting, as the other species in the genus are Asian; it joins a diversity of taxa with this distribution.
Replacement names, nomenclatural, distributional and biological notes are presented for 21 species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera). Agrilodes strandi ssp. meranus Obenberger, 1942, and Polybothris (Amphisbeta) uitalisi var. stygia, Obenberger, 1942, are proposed to allow the subspecies or variety names define the species, respectively, with strandi and uitalisi remaining in synonymy as nomina nuda. Acmaeodera ruficaudis macfadyeni is proposed as a new replacement name for Acmaeodera ruficaudis pinguis Holm, 1985, preoccupied by A. pinguis Fairmaire, 1902; Buprestis aenescens Wiedemann, 1823 is synonymized under Buprestis albomarginata Herbst, 1801; Buprestis planus Fabricius, 1798 is transferred to Dismorpha Gistel, 1848; Damarsila conturbata Thomson, 1879 is removed from synonymy under Buprestis amaurotica Klug, 1855 and reinstated as a valid species; Damarsila obsti Cobos, 1957 is rejected as an unnecessary replacement name for Psilopotera ornata Obst, 1903; Dicerca reticulatoides is proposed as a new replacement name for D. reticulata Assmann, 1870, a fossil taxon, preoccupied by Buprestis reticulata Fabricius, 1794, a junior subjective synonym of Dicerca aenea (Linne, 1758); Kamosia luciae Obenberger, 1935, is synonymized under Kamosiella dennestoides (Thomson, 1878); Melobasis nouaeguinae is proposed as a new replacement name for Melobasis papuana Obenberger, 1938, preoccupied by M. (Briseis) papuana Obenberger, 1924; Sjoestedtius diuinus Obenberger, 1935, is transferred to Malawiella Bellamy, 1990, and Sjoestedtius atahorensis Descarpentries, 1952 is proposed as its new subjective synonym. Buprestis albomarginata Herbst, Damarsila contubata Thomson, and Psiloptera ornata Obst are transferred to Lampetis Dejean, 1833. Biological or distributional notes are given for species of Agrilaxia Kerremans, 1903, Agrilus Curtis, 1825, Conognatha Eschscholtz, 1829, Euplectalecia Obenberger, 1924, Halecia Laporte and Gory, 1837, Oualisia Kerremans, 1900, Sambomorpha Obenberger, 1924, and Spectralia Casey, 1909.
Based on examination of morphological characters of specimens from throughout their ranges, Euaresta stelligera (Coquillett) is confirmed to be a distinct species from E. bellula (Snow). The diagnostic characters, distributions, and host plants of both species are discussed. New distribution records for E. aequalis (Loew) and E. tapetis (Coquillett) are also provided, and an error concerning the range of Valentibulla californica is noted.
Thirty additional species of tephritid flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), including historical records, are presented together with information on host(s), if known, distributions, and life histories. This brings the total number of tephritid flies recorded from GSMNP to 46.
Descriptions and a key are provided for 7 South American species of Note rap ion Kissinger (2002) (type species Apion meorrhynchum Philippi and Philippi) including N. bruchi (Beguin-Billecocq), N. meorrhynchum (Philippi and Philippi), N. philippianum (Alonso-Zarazaga) and four new species described from Chile: N. chilense Kissinger, N. lwscheli Kissinger, N. nothofagi Kissinger, and N. saperion Kissinger. A lectotype designation is published for Apion meorrhynchum Philippi and Philippi and Apion uestitum Philippi and Philippi. Apion fuegianum Enderlein and A. pingue Beguin-Billecocq are synonymized with N. meorrhynchum (Philippi and Philippi), new synonymy. Noterapionini (new tribe) is erected for Noterapion Kissinger (type genus) within Apioninae. Extension of a phylogenetic analysis of Brentidae s. lato by Wanat (2001) places Noterapion near the base of Apioninae and shows the genus sharing various symplesiomorphies with primitive apionid subfamilies from Africa and not found otherwise in the New World apionids.
The weevils are associated with the southern beech, Nothofagus Blume (in Nothofagaceae, see Manos, 1997), also known from the Australasian Region. Noterapion meorrhynchum develops in abandoned cynipid wasp leaf galls. The combination of a plant host with biogeographic significance and the possession of very primitive characters suggests that Noterapion may represent an ancient lineage dating back to the time of the Cretaceous and the breakup of Gondwana.
Being among the most habitat diverse countries in the world (and plant diversity is about 22,000 sp.), Mexico has a Lepidoptera fauna recorded at about 14,385 species but is estimated to be over 22,000 species, if not much higher (some estimates go to 35,000 sp.). High Lepidoptera numbers in Mexico are also due to the large influx of tropical species from the border with Guatemala, as well as Mexican endemics. In this report, the Lepidoptera families are summarized for Mexico, giving known species and what experts estimate to be the true total for each family when all have been described. Many regions of Mexico are still poorly known for smaller
moths.
With the description of Brachypsectra uiuafosile n. sp., from the Cabo Rojo desert area of Hispaniola, the beetle family Brachypsectridae now contains 4 described species. The family was originally known from the Dominican Republic by Miocene amber fossils oflarvae. Genitalia are illustrated for the first time for the family. Relationships of the family within the Elateroidea are briefly discussed.
Previous literature recognized twenty species of wax scales occurring in the Neartic region with nine of those occurring in Florida. This number has grown recently with the establishment of the Ceroplastes rusci and the discovery of C. feltyii (new species). A description and illustration of C. feltyii is provided along with a key to all of the wax scales currently found in Florida.
Three species ofbostrichid beetles, previously unknown from Florida, were found in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods (FSCA) and in the Archbold Biological Station Collection. The genus Stephanopachys Waterhouse, in Florida, is now represented by four species. These new records probably represent infrequently collected species and not new introductions to Florida. Akey to all species of Stephanopachys adults from Florida is presented.
The following new species of Cryptolestes Ganglbauer are described and illustrated: Cryptolestes obesus Thomas, new species, Brazil; Cryptolestes turnbowi Thomas, new species, Honduras and Mexico; Cryptolestes inyoensis Thomas, new species, California; Cryptolestes spectabilis Thomas, new species, Ecuador. A revised key to the New World species is provided. The male genitalia are illustrated and the female of C. calabozus Thomas is characterized, and new distribution records are provided for it, C. cornutus Thomas and Zimmerman, C. trinidadensis Thomas, C. curus Lefkovitch, and C. hlapperichi Lefkovitch.
A list is provided of 113 species of bees and their 157 known floral hosts at the Archbold Biological Station(ABS), a 2105 ha site on the Lake Wales Ridge in Highlands County in south-central Florida. This is more species than might be expected at a single site so far south in Florida, based on previous studies in the Miami area and Everglades National Park, but fewer species than would be expected in an upland area of similar size with open habitats in north Florida, the mid-Atlantic states, or the upper Midwest. The small size of the fauna might be correlated with the absence of species that require a cold period in their life cycle, those that require clay or other heavy soils, those that require mesic woodlands and those that require abundant host plants in certain groups that are poorly represented on the ABS, such as Rosaceae. The natural history of southeastern bees is not known in enough detail to ascribe these causes to the individual species that are missing from the ABS fauna. In terms of bee taxa, the relatively small diversity at this site can be mainly attributed to a very poor representation of the genus Andrena (3 species), a poor representation of the genus Lasioglossum (13 species), and a poor representation of the entire family Apidae (22 species). The bee fauna of the ABS is mostly composed of species that occur (or may be expected to occur) through much of the southeastern Coastal Plain, combined with species that are widely distributed in eastern North America. In addition to these elements, there appear to be at least a few species or populations that may be relics of the dry savannahs that stretched across southern North America in parts of the Pleistocene or in the late Pliocene. There is only one species that appears to have come up from tropical Florida or the West Indies. There is no evidence that there are plants that are dependent on single bee species at the ABS, but certain buzz-pollinated plants may rely on only a few species of Bombus. A few species of bees appear to be oligolectic; their host plants, however, are visited by a wide variety of bees and other insects. Bees at the ABS belong to four conspicuous mimetic complexes: metallic green; black with a red abdomen; black with red bands and spots; black with yellow bands and spots. Most ABS bees do not have any warning coloration that is conspicuous to human eyes. There is only one exotic bee on the site, the European honey bee. This lack of a large exotic component in the fauna contrasts with the situation in the ants, of which about one fourth are introduced. Honey bees are often extremely abundant, and possibly dominate nectar and pollen resources in ways that are disruptive to native bees. Although it is easy to observe individual honey bees displacing individual native bees on flowers, there are no data on the ecological effects of honey bees on native pollinators at the ABS. About one quarter ofthe bee species (26) are parasitic species that depend on other species to gather nectar and pollen. This proportion of parasitic species is similar to some other well-studied sites in temperate North America, and is higher than the proportion found in tropical areas.