Studia Germanistica 10
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Mostýn, Martin (2011): Grammatische Mittel der Informationskondensierung in Wirtschaftstexten
(2012)
The aim of this article is to systematize selected existing definitions of texts and, from the perspective of research into text comprehension, to compare and contextualize the most frequent concepts applied in the field. These concepts are used in the description of the basic phases and aspects of the text comprehension process; they may be divided into three groups depending on whether they denote the comprehension process itself, the results of this process, or the properties of text. This division should not be viewed as an immutable set of concepts, but rather as a starting point for research into issues of text comprehension and comprehensibility.
The author of the study examines the relations between the poetry of the German expressionist Georg Heym (1887–1912), the Austrian expressionist Georg Trakl (1887–1914), and Czech literature, especially poetry. Both these authors are representatives of early expressionism. Heym is also known in the Czech lands through the translations of Bohuslav Reynek, František Vrba, Ivan Slavík, Ludvík Kundera and Radek Malý. Trakl's work affected the development of modern Czech poetry through translations by Bohuslav Reynek. Specific and significant manifestations of Trakl's influence can already be found in the work of Bohuslav Reynek and in the first two collections by František Halas. In varying degrees, the authors have left traces in the poetry of František Hrubín, Vilém Závada and Jan Zahradníček. The echoes of Trakl's poetry can be heard in the 1960s in the work of the poet Zbyněk Hejda.
The premise of this paper is that there is a special trait which authors writing in German – but having a different mother tongue – have in common: compared to authors whose mother tongue is German, they show a more distinct sensitivity for the peculiarities of language, a more intense preoccupation with language phenomena, and a habit of critically questioning linguistic conventions, i.e. overall they display a greater awareness of language. Using the examples of Libuše Moníková, Jiří Gruša and Michael Stavarič, the paper shows how their German texts become alienated through elements from their mother tongue and how these authors make use of their bilingualism in their creative way of handling the foreign language.
This article analyses the essay "Gefühle bei Besuchung des Schönhofer Garten" by Jan Quirin Jahn (1739–1802), published in 1797 in the magazine "Apollo". The description of the English garden in Schönhof (Krásný Dvůr), the oldest of its kind in Bohemia, is seen in the light of aesthetic and theoretical discussions. The impression determines the reception of the new art of garden design. Jahn's literary walk through the garden of Schönhof also testified that new forms of aesthetic perception were intensively received in Bohemia.
Mysticism means the verbalization of mystic experiences, or more precisely the verbalization of "unio mystica – the unification of the religious "I" with the absolute, and, in Christianity, with God. An interesting body of German mystic literature has survived from the medieval period, beginning with the "St. Trudperter Hohenlied" (around 1160). In "conjugal mysticism", the "unio" is viewed and verbalized as an experience of love, while speculative mysticism (especially as represented by the Dominicans) formulates a "different" theology, written primarily in German. These new mystical experiences require a new approach to language, i.e. methods of nomination which recall the principles of naming based on the use of metaphor and word-formation in professional language.
One of the means of expressing emotional content is the naming of people. Many negative personal names are created using derivation (suffixes); the goal of this study is to determine which suffixes are frequently used and whether any German suffixes have primarily negative meanings.