Medizin
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Wissenschaftlicher Artikel (523)
- Buch (Monographie) (2)
- Bericht (1)
Volltext vorhanden
- ja (526)
Gehört zur Bibliographie
- nein (526)
Schlagworte
- inflammation (29)
- macrophage (13)
- glioblastoma (10)
- cancer (9)
- SARS-CoV-2 (8)
- hypoxia (8)
- prostate cancer (8)
- apoptosis (7)
- macrophages (7)
- pain (7)
- data science (6)
- epilepsy (6)
- miRNA (6)
- microRNA (6)
- COVID-19 (5)
- Cirrhosis (5)
- autophagy (5)
- breast cancer (5)
- curcumin (5)
- differentiation (5)
- environmental tobacco smoke (5)
- lipocalin-2 (5)
- macrophage polarization (5)
- multiple sclerosis (5)
- neurodegeneration (5)
- particulate matter (5)
- prevalence (5)
- proliferation (5)
- stroke (5)
- Aspergillus (4)
- B cells (4)
- Gene expression (4)
- Hemorrhage (4)
- Labor and delivery (4)
- Liver diseases (4)
- MSD (4)
- NKG2D (4)
- Pregnancy (4)
- ataxia telangiectasia (4)
- biomarker (4)
- bipolar disorder (4)
- bladder cancer (4)
- child (4)
- children (4)
- endothelial cells (4)
- epidemiology (4)
- immunotherapy (4)
- infection (4)
- integrins (4)
- iron (4)
- mTOR (4)
- mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (4)
- migration (4)
- obesity (4)
- outcome (4)
- polytrauma (4)
- psoriasis (4)
- radical prostatectomy (4)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (4)
- sulforaphane (4)
- thymus (4)
- tumor microenvironment (4)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (3)
- Cancer treatment (3)
- DNA methylation (3)
- Death rates (3)
- EEG microstates (3)
- Evaluation (3)
- Gender (3)
- General practice (3)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (3)
- Inflammation (3)
- Kinematic analysis (3)
- Knees (3)
- Macrophages (3)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (3)
- Medical risk factors (3)
- Morbidity (3)
- Multivariate analysis (3)
- NK cells (3)
- NoxO1 (3)
- PCR (3)
- acetaminophen (3)
- aging (3)
- angiogenesis (3)
- bevacizumab (3)
- caspase-2 (3)
- ceramides (3)
- cirrhosis (3)
- colorectal cancer (3)
- complement (3)
- cytokines (3)
- dental profession (3)
- dentate gyrus (3)
- dentist (3)
- drug resistance (3)
- electrolytic cleaning (3)
- entropy (3)
- flow cytometry (3)
- glioma (3)
- growth (3)
- immunity (3)
- information theory (3)
- innate immunity (3)
- invasion (3)
- invasive fungal disease (3)
- machine learning (3)
- meningioma (3)
- metabolism (3)
- metastasis (3)
- mitochondria (3)
- monocytes (3)
- mortality (3)
- mutual information (3)
- natural killer cell (3)
- neuroblastoma (3)
- neuropathic pain (3)
- osteoarthritis (3)
- p21 (3)
- periimplantitis (3)
- physical activity (3)
- preeclampsia (3)
- proteomics (3)
- public health (3)
- quality of life (3)
- questionnaire (3)
- reactive oxygen species (3)
- regeneration (3)
- systematic biopsy (3)
- trauma (3)
- tumor progression (3)
- vitamin D (3)
- working memory (3)
- ATM (2)
- ATP-citrate lyase (2)
- Angiogenesis (2)
- Angiography (2)
- Asphyxia (2)
- Ataxia telangiectasia (2)
- BCL6 (2)
- BPH (2)
- Biomarker (2)
- Birth weight (2)
- Blood (2)
- Borrelia (2)
- Brain metastasis (2)
- Breast cancer (2)
- Breast tumors (2)
- C-reactive protein (2)
- CC16 (2)
- CD44 (2)
- CDKN1A (2)
- CIK cells (2)
- CLP (2)
- COMP (2)
- CUELA (2)
- Cancer chemotherapy (2)
- Candida (2)
- Cell binding (2)
- Cell differentiation (2)
- Cesarean section (2)
- Chemotherapy (2)
- Citation analysis (2)
- Cohort studies (2)
- Crohn's disease (2)
- Crohn’s disease (2)
- Cuela (2)
- Cytokines (2)
- Density equalizing mapping (2)
- Dentist (2)
- Depression (2)
- Diagnostic medicine (2)
- Ears (2)
- G2A (2)
- GPCR (2)
- HDAC (2)
- HIV (2)
- Holmes tremor (2)
- IBD (2)
- Inflammatory bowel disease (2)
- Intensive care units (2)
- Ischemia (2)
- LSCC (2)
- Legs (2)
- Lesions (2)
- MICA (2)
- Malaria (2)
- Markovianity (2)
- Medical education (2)
- Mental health and psychiatry (2)
- Messenger RNA (2)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2)
- Mouse models (2)
- Multimorbidity (2)
- Musculoskeletal disorder (2)
- Musculoskeletal system (2)
- NADH dehydrogenase (2)
- NADPH oxidase (2)
- NAFLD (2)
- NASH (2)
- NK cells (2)
- Neonates (2)
- Neutropenia (2)
- Normal distribution (2)
- Nox1 (2)
- OXA-48 (2)
- Obstetrics and gynecology (2)
- Pain (2)
- Patients (2)
- Physicians (2)
- Polypharmacy (2)
- Portal hypertension (2)
- Portal veins (2)
- Preterm birth (2)
- Prognosis (2)
- Protease inhibitor therapy (2)
- Psychology (2)
- Quality of life (2)
- RNF4 (2)
- ROS (2)
- Regression analysis (2)
- Research architecture (2)
- Surgery (2)
- T cell (2)
- T cells (2)
- Torque (2)
- Transcription factors (2)
- Treg cell (2)
- Ulcerative colitis (2)
- Vitamin D (2)
- acetyl-CoA (2)
- additives (2)
- adhesion (2)
- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2)
- air flow (2)
- alcohol (2)
- anaemia (2)
- anal cancer (2)
- anticonvulsants (2)
- antiviral therapy (2)
- ascites (2)
- atherosclerosis (2)
- augmentation (2)
- bibliometrics (2)
- bibliometry (2)
- bio imaging (2)
- bioluminescence (2)
- blood (2)
- borrelia (2)
- calretinin (2)
- cancer stem cells (2)
- carbapenemases (2)
- cardiac surgery (2)
- cell cycle (2)
- cervical cancer (2)
- chemotherapy (2)
- chemotherapy resistance (2)
- cholesterol (2)
- classical Hodgkin lymphoma (2)
- coagulopathy (2)
- cochlear implant (2)
- colon cancer (2)
- colon carcinoma cells (2)
- colorectal carcinoma (2)
- complications (2)
- concordance (2)
- corona virus (2)
- coronavirus (2)
- cyclosporin A (2)
- dendritic cells (2)
- dental assistants (2)
- dental education (2)
- dental implant (2)
- dentists (2)
- diet (2)
- disintegration (2)
- elderly (2)
- encoding (2)
- exercise (2)
- exosomes (2)
- extracellular vesicles (2)
- fMRI (2)
- fibroblasts (2)
- forensic entomology (2)
- functional genomics (2)
- fusion (2)
- fusion biopsy (2)
- gender (2)
- gene expression (2)
- gene regulation (2)
- histone acetylation (2)
- human genomics (2)
- imaging (2)
- immune evasion (2)
- immunohistochemistry (2)
- inflammatory bowel disease (2)
- integrin (2)
- interleukin-4 (2)
- iron deficiency (2)
- iron metabolism (2)
- irradiation (2)
- knowledge discovery (2)
- layer-specificity (2)
- lipoxygenase (2)
- liver damage (2)
- liver fibrosis (2)
- liver transplantation (2)
- lung cancer (2)
- lyme disease (2)
- maintenance (2)
- methylprednisolone (2)
- miR-181 (2)
- mouse (2)
- mucormycetes (2)
- multinucleated giant cells (2)
- musculoskeletal (2)
- mycophenolic acid (2)
- natural killer cells (2)
- neurogenesis (2)
- next generation sequencing (NGS) (2)
- occupational health (2)
- oxidative phosphorylation (2)
- oxidative stress (2)
- palatal tremor (2)
- patient (2)
- perforant path transection (2)
- phagocytes (2)
- plasmid (2)
- primary care (2)
- primary cilium (2)
- primary immunodeficiency (2)
- proteome (2)
- qRT-PCR (2)
- quantitative MRI (2)
- re-osseointegration (2)
- regulatory T cell (2)
- renal cell cancer (2)
- renal cell carcinoma (2)
- renal tubular epithelial cells (2)
- respiratory chain (2)
- schizophrenia (2)
- second-hand smoke (2)
- secretion (2)
- seizure (2)
- selection (2)
- sex (2)
- signal transduction (2)
- sound-induced flash illusion (2)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate (2)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (2)
- spirochetes (2)
- starvation (2)
- stationarity (2)
- surgery (2)
- survivin (2)
- tissue engineering (2)
- total hip replacement (2)
- toxicity (2)
- tracking (2)
- transfusion (2)
- trophoblast (2)
- trophoblasts (2)
- tumor growth (2)
- tumor-associated macrophages (2)
- uteroglobin (2)
- (novel) brominated flame retardants ((N)BFR) (1)
- 16 segment AHA model (1)
- 16p11.2 (1)
- 17-AAG (1)
- 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) (1)
- 3D gait analysis (1)
- 5' UTR (1)
- A-FFIP (1)
- AB-serum (1)
- ABCB1 (1)
- ABCC1 (1)
- ACLF (1)
- ADGRE1 (1)
- ADHD (1)
- ADHD differential diagnosis (1)
- AICAR (1)
- AKT signaling (1)
- ALD (1)
- AML – acute myeloid leukemia (1)
- AMPK (1)
- APRI (1)
- ASAP (1)
- ASD-specific (1)
- AU-rich element (1)
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (1)
- Addison’s disease (1)
- Adenocarcinoma (1)
- Adenylyl cyclase (1)
- Adhesion (1)
- Adverse drug reaction (1)
- Ag-RDT (1)
- Aging (1)
- Akaike information criterion (AIC) (1)
- Allergic asthma (1)
- Amitriptyline (1)
- Amniotic fluid (1)
- Anal cancer (1)
- Anesthesia, Intravenous (1)
- Aneurysms (1)
- Animal wings (1)
- Anosmia (1)
- Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (1)
- Anticholinergic (1)
- Anticoagulant therapy (1)
- Anticoagulants [MeSH] (1)
- Anticoagulation (1)
- Antiplatelet therapy (1)
- Antiretroviral therapy (1)
- Antiviral therapy (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Aortic stiffness (1)
- Arms (1)
- Aromatase Inhibitors (1)
- Ascites (1)
- Aspergillus fumigatus (1)
- Aspergillus species (1)
- Ataxia-telangiectasia (1)
- Atherosclerosis (1)
- Atm (1)
- Atrial fibrillation (1)
- Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (1)
- Attitude (1)
- Audio equipment (1)
- Audio signal processing (1)
- Audiology (1)
- Aurora A (1)
- Australia (1)
- Autism (1)
- Autism spectrum disorder (1)
- Automated Tube Potential Selection (1)
- Automatic Environmental Tobacco Smoke Emitter (1)
- Axons (1)
- B cell subpopulations (1)
- B-cell antigen receptor (1)
- B.1.1.7 (1)
- B.1.617.1 (1)
- B.1.617.2 (1)
- BIRC5 (1)
- BMNC (1)
- BNT2b2 (1)
- BPO (1)
- BRAF (1)
- BRUCE (1)
- Bayesian inference (1)
- Bee venom allergy (1)
- Benefit (1)
- Bibliometric analysis (1)
- Big five (1)
- Birth (1)
- Bleeding (1)
- Blood groups (1)
- Blood plasma (1)
- Bloodstream infections (1)
- Body limbs (1)
- Bone marrow (1)
- Borrelia miyamotoi (1)
- Bradycardia (1)
- Bright light therapy (1)
- Bronchial inflammation (1)
- C. elegans (1)
- CAD/CAM (1)
- CD19 (1)
- CD271 (1)
- CD3/CD19 depletion (1)
- CD36 (1)
- CD41 (1)
- CD45RA naïve lymphocytes (1)
- CD62P (1)
- CD74 (1)
- CD8+ T lymphocytes (1)
- CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (1)
- CDK2 (1)
- CHA2DS2-VASc-score (1)
- CPE (1)
- CPT1A (1)
- CRISPR/Cas9 (1)
- CRM (1)
- CRM1 (1)
- CRP (1)
- CRPC (1)
- CSC marker (1)
- CT pulmonary angiography (1)
- CT radiation exposure (1)
- Caco-2 cells (1)
- Canada (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer Staging (1)
- Cancer detection and diagnosis (1)
- Cannabis (1)
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast (1)
- Cardiovascular epidemiology (1)
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (1)
- Case management (1)
- Case management [MeSH] (1)
- Cell distribution (1)
- Cell motility (1)
- Cell signalling (1)
- Cell staining (1)
- Cellular stress responses (1)
- Central nervous system (1)
- Cerebrospinal fluid (1)
- Chemoradiotherapy (1)
- Child adiposity (1)
- Chondral Lesion (1)
- Chronic disease [MeSH] (1)
- Chronic hepatitis (1)
- Chronic intestinal failure (1)
- Chronic kidney disease (1)
- Citation (1)
- Clincial pharmacology (1)
- Co-morbidity (1)
- Cognitive impairment (1)
- Cognitive neurology (1)
- Colchicum (1)
- Cold hardiness (1)
- Cold tolerance (1)
- Colorectal cancer (1)
- Computed axial tomography (1)
- Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) (1)
- Computer hardware (1)
- Computer software (1)
- Computers (1)
- Conservative treatment (1)
- Constrained posture (1)
- Coronary artery disease (1)
- Cost-effectiveness analysis (1)
- Cre-recombinase (1)
- Cryptococcus (1)
- CspA (1)
- CspZ (1)
- Cyp46a1 (1)
- Cytogenetics (1)
- Cytoplasm (1)
- Cytoplasmic staining (1)
- Cytoskeletal proteins (1)
- D-dimer (1)
- DBS (1)
- DC-NK cell interaction (1)
- DHA (1)
- DLPFC (1)
- DNA Damage (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- DNA damage response (1)
- DNA-binding proteins (1)
- DST (1)
- Data processing (1)
- Data science (1)
- Deletion mutation (1)
- Dengue (1)
- Dengue fever (1)
- Density equalizing (1)
- Dental education (1)
- Dental implants (1)
- Dental phobia (1)
- Dental practice (1)
- Dental students (1)
- Dental training (1)
- Diabetes mellitus (1)
- Diagnostic error (1)
- Diagnostic markers (1)
- Digestive system procedures (1)
- Disabilities (1)
- Discs large (1)
- Distance to water (1)
- Distribution limits (1)
- Domestic animals (1)
- Double-blind placebo-controlled trial (1)
- Drug susceptibility testing (1)
- Drug therapy (1)
- Dual-Source CT (1)
- D’Amico classification (1)
- ECMO (1)
- EGFR (1)
- EGFRvIII mutation (1)
- EMR1 (1)
- EPA (1)
- ERK3/MAPK6 (1)
- ERM (1)
- Early intervention (1)
- Economic analysis (1)
- Economic benchmarks (1)
- Education (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Elevation (1)
- Ellipsoids (1)
- Emotional recognition (1)
- Emotions (1)
- EndMT (1)
- Endocrine cancer (1)
- Endometriosis (1)
- Endothelial cell (EC) (1)
- Endothelial cells (1)
- England (1)
- Enterobacterales (1)
- Enterobacteriaceae (1)
- Enzyme regulation (1)
- Epidemiology (1)
- Epidermal growth factor receptor (1)
- Epidural abscess (1)
- Epidural block (1)
- Epileptic seizures (1)
- Epsilon (1)
- Ergonomics (1)
- Erythropoiesis (1)
- Estrogen Receptor Modulators (1)
- Etiology (1)
- Eutheria (1)
- Evidence based medicine (1)
- Evidence-based dentistry (1)
- Evidence-based medicine (1)
- Exercise (1)
- Exercise challenge (1)
- Exercise-induced asthma (1)
- Exhaled nitric oxide (1)
- Exudates and transudates (1)
- F4/80 (1)
- FFLU (1)
- FIB-4 (1)
- FOXO3 (1)
- FOXO3a (1)
- Factor H (1)
- Factor analysis (1)
- Feasibility studies (1)
- Feedback (1)
- Fevers (1)
- Finevo (1)
- Five-Konzept (1)
- Flow cytometry (1)
- Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (1)
- Forensics (1)
- Francisella tularensis (1)
- Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica (1)
- Functional clustering (1)
- Functional electrical stimulation (1)
- Functional mitral regurgitation (1)
- Fusarium (1)
- GABA (1)
- GMP (1)
- GPR4 (1)
- GRK2 (1)
- GSK3α (1)
- GSK3β (1)
- Gait analysis (1)
- Galleria mellonella (1)
- Gastric cancer (1)
- Gastrointestinal tract (1)
- Gender analysis (1)
- Gene prediction (1)
- General dental practice (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Genome annotation (1)
- Geographically weighted regression (GWR) (1)
- German people (1)
- Germany (1)
- Gestational diabetes (1)
- Gleason Score (1)
- Gleason score (1)
- Gleason upgrading (1)
- Glioblastoma (1)
- Global health (1)
- Glucose Transporter Type 1 (1)
- Goserelin (1)
- Gram negative bacteria (1)
- GvHD (1)
- HBV (1)
- HBV reactivation (1)
- HCC (1)
- HCV treatment (1)
- HIFT (1)
- HLA class II (1)
- HLA peptidome (1)
- HNSCC (1)
- HOD (1)
- HODE (1)
- HOLEP (1)
- HPV (1)
- HSCT (1)
- HSV (1)
- HSV-1 (1)
- HSV-2 (1)
- HUVEC (1)
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (1)
- HbA1c (1)
- HeLa cells (1)
- Health care (1)
- Health economics (1)
- Health services research [MeSH] (1)
- Hedgehog (1)
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (1)
- Hepatitis C virus (1)
- Hip (1)
- Histology (1)
- Hmox1 (1)
- HoLEP (1)
- Hodgkin lymphoma (1)
- Hospitals (1)
- Hsp90 inhibitor (1)
- HuR (1)
- Human (1)
- Human olfaction (1)
- Hydrocephalus (1)
- Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (1)
- Hypertension (1)
- IFN-β (1)
- IHC (1)
- IKKε (1)
- IL-15 (1)
- IL-18BP (1)
- IL-1β (1)
- IL-21 (1)
- IL-27 cytokine (1)
- IL-33 (1)
- IL-6 (1)
- INR (1)
- IPS e.max system (1)
- IPSS (1)
- IRES translation (1)
- ISR (1)
- Image analysis (1)
- Immune cells (1)
- Immune suppression (1)
- Immunohistochemistry techniques (1)
- Immunology (1)
- Imrt (1)
- IncL (1)
- IncX (1)
- Incidence rate (1)
- Induced sputum (1)
- Infarction (1)
- Infectious disease epidemiology (1)
- Inflammatory diseases (1)
- Injury Severity Score (ISS) (1)
- International normalized ratio (1)
- Internet (1)
- Interspecific competition (1)
- Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (1)
- Intravenous injections (1)
- Ireb2 (1)
- Iron Overload (1)
- Iron chelation (1)
- Jaw (1)
- Joint loading (1)
- Jumping (1)
- K-homology RNA-binding domain (1)
- KAP (1)
- KCNQ1 (1)
- KPS (1)
- Kappa (1)
- Karyotypes (1)
- Keap1-Nrf2 (1)
- Ketogenic Diet (1)
- Ki-67 (1)
- Kidney transplant recipients (1)
- Kinematic posture analysis (1)
- Knowledge (1)
- Kupffer cells (1)
- Kynurenine (1)
- LAMTOR2 (1)
- LC3 I/II (1)
- LCH (1)
- LC–MS/MS (1)
- LDL (1)
- LIR interaction, (1)
- LIVIN (1)
- LM11A 31 (1)
- LQTS (1)
- Laboratory techniques and procedures (1)
- Lafora disease (1)
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (1)
- Lecture (1)
- Left hemisphere (1)
- Leigh syndrome (1)
- Light sheet fluorescence microscopy (1)
- Linear regression analysis (1)
- Liver fibrosis (1)
- Liver transplantation (1)
- Livestock (1)
- LncRNA - long noncoding RNA (1)
- Local climate (1)
- Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (1)
- Luciferase (1)
- Lyme disease (1)
- Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (1)
- Lymphoma (1)
- M. Intracellulare (1)
- M. avium (1)
- M. avium complex (1)
- M. chimaera (1)
- MAGGIC score (1)
- MAIT cell (1)
- MCAO (1)
- MCI (1)
- MEDIC (1)
- MEIS (1)
- MEIS2 (1)
- MMP14 (1)
- MMP2 (1)
- MRI (1)
- MRI patterns of gliomas (1)
- MRP4 (1)
- Machine learning algorithms (1)
- Machine-learning (1)
- Mammalian target of rapamycin (1)
- Mapping (1)
- Marker genes (1)
- Marsupials (1)
- Mastoiditis (1)
- Mechanisms of disease (1)
- Meckel’s diverticulum (1)
- Medical communication (1)
- Medical ethics (1)
- Medical research (1)
- Medical traineeship (1)
- Medication changes (1)
- Medicine and health sciences (1)
- Membrane staining (1)
- Meta-analysis (1)
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors (1)
- Metalloproteases (1)
- Metastasis (1)
- Metastatic tumors (1)
- Michael acceptor (1)
- Micro-CT (1)
- Microalgae (1)
- Microglial cells (1)
- Microphones (1)
- MitraClip (1)
- Molecular medicine (1)
- Molecular neuroscience (1)
- Monocytes and macrophages (1)
- Monosaccharide Transport Proteins (1)
- Morphometry (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Mucomaix® matrix (1)
- Multi-modal feedback (1)
- Multidetector Computed Tomography (1)
- Multimedication (1)
- Multiplate (1)
- Multiple chronic conditions (1)
- Multiple-indication review (1)
- Myalgia (1)
- Mycobacteria (1)
- Mycobacterium avium complex (1)
- Myocardial perfusion (1)
- Myocardial revascularization (1)
- Myocardial segmentation (1)
- N2 (1)
- N501Y (1)
- NADPH oxidase 4 (1)
- NDBI (1)
- NF-ĸB (1)
- NF-κB pathway (1)
- NF-кB (1)
- NIRS (1)
- NK cell (1)
- NK receptors (1)
- NK-92 (1)
- NKT cell (1)
- NLRP3 inflammasomes (1)
- NS3 protease inhibitor (1)
- NTM (1)
- Native T1 mapping (1)
- Necrosis (1)
- Negative staining (1)
- Nek1 (1)
- Neoplasms (1)
- Neuroendocrine cancer (1)
- Neuroimaging (1)
- Neurons (1)
- Neuropathic pain (1)
- Neuropsychological testing (1)
- Neuropsychology (1)
- Next-generation sequencing (1)
- Niche differentiation (1)
- Nimotuzumab (1)
- Non-small cell lung cancer (1)
- Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (1)
- Non-urothelial (1)
- Nontuberculous mycobacteria (1)
- Nordic questionnaire (1)
- Notch (1)
- Nrf2 (1)
- OGR1 (1)
- OGTT (1)
- OHIP-G14 (1)
- OHRQoL (1)
- OSA (1)
- OXA-484 (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Older adults (1)
- Olfactory diagnostics (1)
- Opossums (1)
- Opportunistic infections (1)
- Optogenetics (1)
- Oral and maxillofacial surgery (1)
- Oral anticoagulation (1)
- Ordinary least squares (OLS) (1)
- Orthodontist (1)
- OspE (1)
- Osteoarthritis (1)
- Outpatients (1)
- Overwintering (1)
- PBX (1)
- PBX1 (1)
- PD-L1 (1)
- PEI (1)
- PF-06273340 (1)
- PINK1 (1)
- PKA (1)
- PKCε (1)
- PML (1)
- POCT (1)
- PSA (1)
- PTM (1)
- PYGL (1)
- Paediatric research (1)
- Parenteral nutrition (1)
- Parkinson’s disease (1)
- Patellofemoral Joint (1)
- Patient education (1)
- Patient knowledge (1)
- Patient safety (1)
- Patient satisfaction (1)
- Patterns of care (1)
- Peer-feedback (1)
- Per1−/−-mice (1)
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (1)
- Personality (1)
- Pgrmc1 (1)
- Pharm-fMRI (1)
- Pharmacometrics (1)
- Pharyngeal reflex (1)
- Phenotypic plasticity (1)
- Phospholipids (1)
- Photoreceptors (1)
- Phylogenetic analysis (1)
- Physical environment (1)
- Platelet-rich fibrin (1)
- Platelets (1)
- Point-of-care testing (1)
- Poly-Pore (1)
- PolySUMOylation (1)
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (1)
- Postural control (1)
- Practice (1)
- Prevalence (1)
- Primary care (1)
- Primary health care (1)
- Primary health care [MeSH] (1)
- Probability density (1)
- Probability distribution (1)
- Prostaglandin (1)
- Prosthetic rehabilitation (1)
- Protein translation (1)
- Prototypes (1)
- Psychological stress (1)
- Public and occupational health (1)
- Public health (1)
- Publication (1)
- Publication output (1)
- QbTest® (1)
- Quantra (1)
- Questionnaire (1)
- Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (1)
- Quinolinic acid (1)
- RITA (1)
- RNA binding proteins (1)
- RNA chaperone (1)
- RNA extraction (1)
- RNA isolation (1)
- RNA sequencing (1)
- RNA therapeutics (1)
- RNA therapy (1)
- RNA-binding protein (1)
- RNAi and CRISPR screens (1)
- Radiation exposure (1)
- Rainfall (1)
- Randomised trial (1)
- Rare Diseases (1)
- Reactive oxygen species (1)
- Regret (1)
- Regulatory networks (1)
- Reliability (1)
- Resource competition (1)
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (1)
- Respiratory infections (1)
- Restricted posture (1)
- Retina (1)
- Ribosomes (1)
- Risk assessment (1)
- Rural area (1)
- Rush protocol (1)
- S1P (1)
- S1P lyase (1)
- S1P1–5 (1)
- S1PR1 (1)
- SCA2 (1)
- SENP6 (1)
- SF-36 (1)
- SGPL1 knockout cell line (1)
- SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells (1)
- SKALE score (1)
- SLC6a3 (1)
- SLC7A11 (1)
- SNORD95 (1)
- ST2L (1)
- STAMPE2 (1)
- STAT3 (1)
- STIR (1)
- SUMO (1)
- SUMO chains (1)
- SW480 cells (1)
- Sarcopenia (1)
- Science structure (1)
- Scientists (1)
- Scientometric analysis (1)
- Scientometrics (1)
- Scientometry (1)
- Seattle heart failure model (1)
- Sensory perception (1)
- Sequence alignment (1)
- Sequence motif analysis (1)
- Serum biomarker (1)
- Sholl analysis (1)
- Short bowel syndrome (1)
- Side effects (1)
- Simulated patients (1)
- Slc11a2 (1)
- Slc25a37 (1)
- Smart nebulizer (1)
- Social research (1)
- Social sciences (1)
- Software tool (1)
- Software tools (1)
- Specimen preparation and treatment (1)
- Speech signal processing (1)
- Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (1)
- Sports and exercise medicine (1)
- Squamous cell carcinoma (1)
- StUbL (1)
- Statistical data (1)
- Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1)
- Stereotactic radiosurgery (1)
- Strength training (1)
- Stress and resilience (1)
- Stroke (1)
- Sub-segmentation (1)
- Sub-zero exposure (1)
- Suicide (1)
- Sumatra (1)
- Superoxide (1)
- Surgical and invasive medical procedures (1)
- Surgical education (1)
- Surgical oncology (1)
- Survey (1)
- Surveys (1)
- Survivin (1)
- Synapses (1)
- Systematic reviews (1)
- T cell receptor (1)
- T-cell development (1)
- T-cell receptor (1)
- T-cell receptor (TCR) (1)
- T-lymphocytes (1)
- TACE (1)
- TALE-homdomain protein (1)
- TAPSE (1)
- TBK1 (1)
- TDAG8 (1)
- TGF-β1 (1)
- TGR(mREN2)27 (1)
- TIMP2 (1)
- TLR (1)
- TNF inhibitors (1)
- TNF-α (1)
- TP53 (1)
- TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (1)
- TRIM25 (1)
- TRIMs (1)
- TRPM8 (1)
- TSP-4 (1)
- TURP (1)
- Targeted therapy (1)
- Tet-inducible system (1)
- Tfrc (1)
- Thrombosis (1)
- Thromboxane (1)
- Total hip arthroplasty (1)
- Toxicity (1)
- Transcription (1)
- Transcriptional control (1)
- Translation initiation (1)
- Transportation (1)
- Trk (1)
- TrkC (1)
- Tubers (1)
- Tularemia (1)
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (1)
- ULBP4 (1)
- Ultra microscopy (1)
- Ultra-rush protocol (1)
- Ultrasonic nebulizer (1)
- Umbilical cord (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Undergraduate training (1)
- United States (1)
- Urethral cancer (1)
- VIM (1)
- Vacuoles (1)
- Validation (1)
- Variant histology (1)
- Vasculogenesis (1)
- Veins (1)
- Vespid venom allergy (1)
- Viral load (1)
- Virtual patients (1)
- Vitamin D deficiency (1)
- Vmem (1)
- Volumetric analysis (1)
- Warburg effect (1)
- Water chemistry (1)
- Western diet (1)
- White blood cells (1)
- Winter survival (1)
- Work shadowing (1)
- Wound healing (1)
- XIAP (1)
- YM155 (1)
- Yellow fluorescent protein (1)
- Zoonosis (1)
- Zoopotentation (1)
- Zooprophylaxis (1)
- Zymosan-induced peritonitis (1)
- academic (1)
- accident (1)
- acetylation (1)
- acetylcholinesterase (1)
- acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (1)
- acquired drug resistance (1)
- actin dynamics (1)
- activities of daily life (1)
- acute inflammation (1)
- acute kidney injury (1)
- acute lung injury (1)
- acute lung injury (ALI) (1)
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1)
- acute pain (1)
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (1)
- acute-on-chronic liver failure (1)
- acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) (1)
- adenosine (1)
- adenosine receptors (1)
- adipocytes (1)
- adiponectin (1)
- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (1)
- adipose-derived stem cells (1)
- adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (1)
- adoptive cancer immunotherapy (1)
- adoptive immunotherapy (1)
- adrenal insuffciency (1)
- adult neurogenesis (1)
- adverse reaction (1)
- affective disorder (1)
- affective disorders (1)
- aged (1)
- ageing (1)
- agent-based models (1)
- air pollution (1)
- airborne bacteria (1)
- albumin (1)
- alcoholic hepatitis (1)
- algorithm (1)
- allergy (1)
- allogeneic stem cell transplantation (1)
- alpha-synuclein (1)
- alpharetroviral vector (1)
- amlexanox (1)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (1)
- analgesics (1)
- anaplastic large cell lymphoma (1)
- anemia (1)
- animal model (1)
- anti-angiogenic therapy (1)
- anti-cancer therapy (1)
- anti-tumor activity (1)
- antiadhesive composites (1)
- antibacterial composites (1)
- antibiotic therapy (1)
- antibodies (1)
- antifibrotic therapy (1)
- antifungal activity (1)
- antifungal combination therapy (1)
- antifungal host response (1)
- antifungal therapy (1)
- antimicrobial stewardship (1)
- antireflux surgery (1)
- antiviral (1)
- antiviral drugs (1)
- apical constriction (1)
- apical junction (1)
- apical polarity (1)
- arachidonate 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox12/15) (1)
- arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (1)
- arachidonic acid (1)
- architecture (1)
- aromatics (1)
- articular cartilage (1)
- aspiration (1)
- aspirin (1)
- assembly (1)
- assembly factor (1)
- associative memory (1)
- asthma (1)
- astrocytes (1)
- astrocytoma (1)
- ataxia score (1)
- atopy (1)
- attachment (1)
- attention (1)
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1)
- auditory (1)
- authorship (1)
- autoimmunity (1)
- automatic environmental tobacco smoke emitter (1)
- automatic scene classification (1)
- autopsy (1)
- back scan (1)
- bacterial translocation (1)
- bacterial viability (1)
- bacterium (1)
- ball (1)
- basal cell carcinoma (1)
- basilar artery occlusion (BAO) (1)
- best medical treatment (1)
- beta-band activity (1)
- beta-lactamases (1)
- bilateral tDCS (1)
- binary search procedure (1)
- bioactive lipids (1)
- bioactivity (1)
- bioavailability (1)
- biofilm (1)
- biologics (1)
- biologization (1)
- biomarkers (1)
- biopsy (1)
- biopsy naïve (1)
- bladder neck stenosis (1)
- blood concentrates (1)
- blood culture (1)
- blood pressure (1)
- blood-brain barrier (1)
- blow fly (1)
- body mass index (1)
- body posture (1)
- bone damage (1)
- bone healing (1)
- bone marrow mononuclear cells (1)
- bone-regeneration (1)
- bone–implant interface (1)
- borrelia mayonii (1)
- brain imaging (1)
- brain infection (1)
- brain phosphorylome (1)
- brain shift (1)
- brain tumor (1)
- brainstem (1)
- butyrylcholinesterase (1)
- bypass (1)
- cAMP (1)
- cIAP1/2 (1)
- cadherin (1)
- calbindin (1)
- calcitriol (1)
- cancer and drug vulnerabilities (1)
- cancer cell metabolism (1)
- cancer immunobiology (1)
- cancer metastases (1)
- cancer-associated fibroblasts (1)
- cancer-specific survival (1)
- canonical (1)
- car indoor (1)
- carbapenem resistance (1)
- carbon oxides (COx) (1)
- carcinoma (1)
- cardiac differentiation (1)
- cardiac regeneration (1)
- cardiac reprogramming (1)
- cardiomyocyte apoptosis (1)
- cardiomyocyte proliferation (1)
- cardiothoracic surgery (1)
- cardiovascular disease (1)
- case reports (1)
- caspase 8 (1)
- caspase-8 (1)
- castration resistance (1)
- catheter removal (1)
- cdk (1)
- cell adhesion (1)
- cell and focal adhesion (1)
- cell culture (1)
- cell cycle arrest (1)
- cell cycling (1)
- cell fusion (1)
- cell growth (1)
- cell motility (1)
- cell proliferation (1)
- cell survival (1)
- cell survival mechanisms (1)
- cellular reaction (1)
- cellular response (1)
- cellular therapies (1)
- central nervous system (1)
- central spasticity (1)
- centrifugation (1)
- ceramide (1)
- cerebellum (1)
- cerebral imaging (1)
- cerebral radiation necrosis (1)
- chaperone-mediated autophagy (1)
- chaperones (1)
- chelation therapy (1)
- chemokine (1)
- chemokine receptors (1)
- chemoprotection (1)
- chemoradiotherapy (1)
- chemoresistance (1)
- chemotaxis (1)
- chemotherapeutic drug resistance (1)
- chest injury (1)
- chest trauma (1)
- chimeric antigen receptor (1)
- chloroplasts (1)
- cholangiocarcinoma (1)
- cholinesterase (1)
- chronic granulomatous disease (1)
- chronic hepatitis C (1)
- chronic inflammation (1)
- cigarette smoke (1)
- cigarette strength (1)
- citation (1)
- classification (1)
- classification of bone defects (1)
- clinical research (1)
- clinical trial (1)
- clopidogrel (1)
- cluster analysis (1)
- cluster-randomized controlled trial (1)
- cluttering (1)
- coagulation (1)
- cochlear implants (1)
- cognition (1)
- cognitive deficits (1)
- cognitive functions (1)
- cognitively stimulating leisure activities (1)
- collagen (1)
- collagen I (1)
- collagen-based biomaterial (1)
- collagen-based matrix (1)
- collective cell migration (1)
- colon (1)
- colorectal cancer (CRC) (1)
- combined immunodeficiency (1)
- complex systems (1)
- complexity theory (1)
- complexome profiling (1)
- computational functional genomics (1)
- computational knowledge-discovery (1)
- computational techniques (1)
- confinement (1)
- congenital diaphragmatic hernia (1)
- connectivity (1)
- contamination (1)
- continuous performance test (1)
- contralateral delay activity (1)
- controlled nuclear import (1)
- cooling period (1)
- coronary (1)
- coronavirus disease 2019 (1)
- cortex, gray matter (1)
- covalent drugs (1)
- crime scene (1)
- critical care (1)
- critical-size defect (1)
- criticality (1)
- cryopreservation (1)
- cuticular hydrocarbons (1)
- cyclin D1 (1)
- cyclin Y (1)
- cyclins (1)
- cyclophosphamide (1)
- cystic fibrosis (1)
- cytarabin (1)
- cytokine storm (1)
- cytokine, angiogenesis (1)
- cytotoxic lymphocytes (1)
- cytotoxicity (1)
- daily activity protocols (1)
- dance teacher (1)
- data repositories (1)
- death rates (1)
- death receptor (1)
- debris (1)
- declaration of tobacco ingredients (1)
- decompensated liver cirrhosis (1)
- deep sedation (1)
- deferred treatment (1)
- delayed treatment (1)
- delta (1)
- dementia (1)
- demineralized bone matrix (1)
- dendrite morphogenesis (1)
- density equalizing mapping (1)
- dental assistant (1)
- dental health professional (1)
- depression (1)
- desensitization (1)
- development (1)
- dexamethasone (1)
- diabetes (1)
- diabetes mellitus (1)
- diabetes therapy (1)
- diagnostics (1)
- dietary assessment (1)
- differentiated thyroid carcinoma (1)
- diffusion tensor imaging (1)
- digital age determination (1)
- dihydrocannabidiol (1)
- dihydroceramides (1)
- dimethylfumarate (1)
- diphtheria toxin (1)
- direct-acting antivirals (1)
- discoidin domain-containing receptor (1)
- disease-free survival (1)
- disordered iron metabolism (1)
- dissemination (1)
- diuretics (1)
- dog study (1)
- dopamine transporter (1)
- doublecortin (1)
- downgrading (1)
- doxycycline (1)
- drug (1)
- drug screening (1)
- drug–drug interactions (1)
- drug–gene interactions (1)
- drug–g–gene interactions (1)
- dual antiplatelet therapy (1)
- dynamic causal modeling (1)
- dysphagia (1)
- eNPP2 (1)
- early continence (1)
- early detection (1)
- early loss (1)
- early onset (1)
- ecological momentary assessment (1)
- ectopic pregnancy (1)
- efferocytosis (1)
- efficacy (1)
- effort (1)
- eicosanoids (1)
- electrode design (1)
- electron transfer (1)
- electrophilic fatty acids (1)
- electrophysiology (1)
- eltrombopag (1)
- emergency care (1)
- emergent self-organizing maps (1)
- endocannabinoids (1)
- endoplasmic reticulum (1)
- endothelial cell (1)
- endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (1)
- endourology (1)
- endovascular treatment (1)
- enterobacter infections; pseudomonas aeruginosa; epidemiology (1)
- entomological evidence (1)
- epidemics (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epigenetics (1)
- epileptic encephalopathies (1)
- epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (1)
- erastin (1)
- essential tremor (1)
- euthymic (1)
- everolimus (1)
- ex vivo expansion (1)
- ex-Gaussian analysis (1)
- exertion (1)
- experimental pain models (1)
- expertise (1)
- exponential model (1)
- extracellular matrix (1)
- fNIRS (1)
- face-name association task (1)
- factor H (1)
- falls (1)
- false memory (1)
- feasibility (1)
- feeder cells (1)
- female health (1)
- female subjects (1)
- ferroportin (1)
- ferroptosis (1)
- fibrinolysis (1)
- fibrosis (1)
- fibrotest (1)
- fingolimod (1)
- first-line chemotherapy (1)
- fitness (1)
- fixed partial dentures (1)
- follow-up (1)
- forensics (1)
- fractional anisotropy (1)
- fractionation (1)
- fragile-X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome (1)
- fresh frozen plasma (1)
- fronto-temporal lobar dementia (1)
- fronto-temporal-lobar-dementia (1)
- full-contour crown restorations (1)
- function (1)
- functional connectivity (1)
- functional magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- fundoplication (1)
- fungi (1)
- fungus (1)
- gadolinium enhancing lesion (1)
- galactomannan (1)
- gastroesophageal reflux (1)
- gene expression analysis (1)
- gene signature (1)
- gene therapy (1)
- general anaesthesia (1)
- general practitioner (1)
- genetic diversity (1)
- genetic predisposition (1)
- genetics (1)
- geriatric patients (1)
- glial activation (1)
- glioma microenvironment (1)
- glucose metabolism (1)
- glycolysis (1)
- glycoproteins (1)
- graft-versus-host disease (1)
- graft-versus-tumor effect (1)
- granulomas (1)
- granulomatous inflammation (1)
- graph theory (1)
- growth inhibition (1)
- haploidentical (1)
- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (1)
- head-and-neck cancer (1)
- healthcare workers (1)
- heart failure (1)
- heat (1)
- heat stress (1)
- hedgehog signaling (1)
- hedgehog signaling pathway (1)
- hematopoiesis (1)
- hematopoietic cell transplantation (1)
- hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (1)
- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (1)
- hemorrhagic transformation (1)
- hepatic steatosis (1)
- hepatic stellate cells (1)
- hepatitis B virus (1)
- hepatitis C virus (1)
- hepatitis E virus (1)
- hepatoblastoma (1)
- hepatocellular cancer (1)
- heterogeneity (1)
- high molecular weight plasticizer (1)
- high throughput (1)
- high-dimensional data sets (1)
- high-throughput nucleotide sequencing (1)
- hippocampus (1)
- histological outcomes (1)
- histology (1)
- histomorphometry (1)
- histone deacetylase (1)
- home visit (1)
- homeodomain protein (1)
- host cell interaction (1)
- host cell response (1)
- host-pathogen interaction (1)
- host-targeting antivirals (1)
- hostpathogen interaction (1)
- human Natural Killer cell (1)
- human antigen R (HuR) (1)
- human cytomegalovirus (1)
- human decellularized dermis (1)
- human subjects (1)
- humans (1)
- humectant agents (1)
- hybrid abutment (1)
- hydrogen peroxide (1)
- hyperglycemia (1)
- hyperlipidemia (1)
- hypoxia-induced cell death (1)
- hypoxia-inducible factor (1)
- idiopathic dystonia (1)
- image analysis (1)
- image-guided tissue acquisition (1)
- immune cells (1)
- immune checkpoint (1)
- immune defense (1)
- immune deficiency (1)
- immune host defense (1)
- immune infiltration (1)
- immune response (1)
- immunoglobulin superfamily (1)
- immunological research (1)
- immunosuppressive agent (1)
- immunosuppressive drug (1)
- in vitro models (1)
- in-cabin exposure (1)
- indoor air pollution (1)
- induced membrane (1)
- inducible gene expression (1)
- inducible nitric oxide synthase (1)
- inertial motion capture (1)
- infection control (1)
- infection model (1)
- infectivity (1)
- infiltration (1)
- inhibitor (1)
- inhibitor of apoptosis protein family (1)
- inhibitors (1)
- inosine (1)
- inositol signaling (1)
- insertion (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- insurance data (1)
- integration (1)
- interferon (1)
- interferon type III (1)
- interleukin-1 (1)
- interleukin-18 (1)
- interleukin-22 (1)
- internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) (1)
- internet (1)
- interstitial multicatheter brachytherapy (1)
- intervention study (1)
- intestinal barrier (1)
- intoxication (1)
- intravenous iron therapy (1)
- intrinsic apoptosis (1)
- intrinsic drug resistance (1)
- invasive fungal infection (1)
- invasive growth (1)
- inverse stage migration (1)
- inflammation (1)
- ionomycin (1)
- iron chelation (1)
- iron chelator (1)
- iron chelators (1)
- iron deficiency anemia (1)
- iron homeostasis (1)
- iron overload versus deprivation (1)
- iron-trafficking (1)
- isocaloric ketogenic diet (1)
- jejunoileal atresia (1)
- joint contact forces (1)
- junctional adhesion molecule (1)
- juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (1)
- keratinocytes (1)
- kinematics (1)
- knee adduction moment (1)
- laceration (1)
- lentiviral vector (1)
- leukemia (1)
- leukocytes (1)
- leukopenia (1)
- levetiracetam (1)
- lichen extracts (1)
- light irradiation (1)
- linoleic acid metabolites (1)
- lipid mediator (1)
- lipid metabolism (1)
- lipids (1)
- lipids inflammatory pain (1)
- lipofuscin (1)
- lipopolyplex (1)
- lipoxin A4 (1)
- liquid PRF (1)
- liquid-PRF (1)
- live cell imaging (1)
- live/dead staining (1)
- liver X receptor (1)
- liver cirrhosis (1)
- liver disease (1)
- liver injury (1)
- liver steatosis (1)
- lncRNA (1)
- local control (1)
- local recurrence (1)
- location (1)
- locator (1)
- long-term follow-up (1)
- long-term potentiation (1)
- longevity (1)
- low speed centrifugation concept (1)
- low-dose imaging (1)
- lung (1)
- lung disease (1)
- luteolin (1)
- lymphangiogenesis (1)
- lymphocyte (1)
- mGluR3 (1)
- mGluR5 (1)
- mHealth (1)
- mRNA stability (1)
- mRNA1273 (1)
- mTOR inhibition (1)
- mTORC1 (1)
- machine-learning (1)
- magnetoencephalography (1)
- major depression (1)
- major depression (MD) (1)
- major depressive disorder (1)
- major depressive disorder (MDD) (1)
- malignancy (1)
- malignant glioma (1)
- mammary cancer (1)
- mammary carcinoma (1)
- markovianity (1)
- mass spectrometry (1)
- mast cells (1)
- maternal tobacco smoke (1)
- mathematical modeling (1)
- matrix metalloproteinase (1)
- matrix metalloproteinases (1)
- mean diffusivity (1)
- mechanism of action (1)
- medical error (1)
- medical risk factors (1)
- medication (1)
- medication review (1)
- medulloblastoma resection (1)
- melanoma (1)
- membrane potential (1)
- membrane-less organelles (1)
- membranous urethral stricture (1)
- memebrane (1)
- memory (1)
- menthol (1)
- merkel cell carcinoma (1)
- mesenchymal stem cell (1)
- mesenchymal stromal cell (1)
- mesenchymal stromal cells (1)
- meta-analysis (1)
- metabolic cancer therapy (1)
- metabolic liver disease (1)
- metabolic syndrome (1)
- metamorphosis (1)
- metastatic colorectal cancer (1)
- metastatic prostate cancer (1)
- metastatic urethral cancer (1)
- metformin (1)
- methylation profiling (1)
- miR (1)
- miR-122 (1)
- miR-142-3p (1)
- miR-21 (1)
- miR-375 (1)
- mice (1)
- microbiome (1)
- microenvironment (1)
- microglia (1)
- microlesions (1)
- microsatellite instability (1)
- microtemporal processes (1)
- microtubular cytoskeleton (1)
- migration and invasion (1)
- mitochondrial disease (1)
- mobile air quality study (1)
- mobile phone (1)
- mold (1)
- molecular surveillance (1)
- monoclonal antibodies (1)
- monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) (1)
- monotype abutment (1)
- monsoon (1)
- morbidity (1)
- morphogenesis (1)
- mortality analysis (1)
- motility (1)
- motor functions (1)
- mouse model (1)
- movement disorders (1)
- mpMRI (1)
- mtor (1)
- mucormycete (1)
- mucosal inflammation (1)
- multi-scale models (1)
- multidrug resistance (1)
- multifocal (1)
- multimorbidity (1)
- multisensory integration (1)
- multivoxel pattern analysis (1)
- musculoskeletal disorders (1)
- musculoskeletal inflammation (1)
- musculoskeletal modeling (1)
- musculoskeletal pain (1)
- musculoskeletal system (1)
- myelodysplastic syndrome (1)
- myeloid cells (1)
- natural cytotoxicity (1)
- natural killer T cells (1)
- natural selection (1)
- naturalistic sample (1)
- ncRNA (1)
- neonate (1)
- nerve-sparing (1)
- network (1)
- neurexin (1)
- neurocognition (1)
- neuroimaging (1)
- neuronal avalanches (1)
- neuronal maturation (1)
- neuropsychological impairment (1)
- neurotrophins (1)
- next generation sequencing (1)
- next-generation sequencing (1)
- nitroalkylation (1)
- nitrogen oxides (NOx) (1)
- nodular sclerosis (1)
- noise intervention measures (1)
- non-aneurysmal SAH (1)
- non-canonical (1)
- non-classical adhesion molecule (1)
- non-coding RNA (1)
- non-invasive fibrosis assessment (1)
- non-linear dynamics (1)
- non-malignant hematological diseases (1)
- non-sensory bias (1)
- nonnucleoside polymerase inhibitor (1)
- nucleolus (1)
- nucleoredoxin (1)
- nucleotide metabolism (1)
- nursery schools (1)
- nutrient deprivation (1)
- nutrient endocytosis (1)
- occupational factors (1)
- older people (1)
- olfaction (1)
- omega-3 fatty acids (1)
- oncogenes (1)
- oncogenic signaling (1)
- one health (1)
- open field behavior (1)
- open-source (1)
- oral health (1)
- oral health burden (1)
- ordinary differential equations (ODE) (1)
- organisation of health services (1)
- organophosphate flame retardants (OFR) (1)
- organotypic culture (1)
- orientation (1)
- orthodontist (1)
- osteogenic sarcoma cells (1)
- ostium (1)
- ouabain (1)
- outside-in signaling (1)
- overall survival (1)
- overdenture (1)
- oxaliplatin (1)
- p-eIF2α (1)
- p14 (1)
- p21Cip1/CDKN1A (1)
- p47phox (1)
- p53 (1)
- p62 (1)
- p75 (1)
- paediatric (1)
- pain genetics (1)
- pain intensity (1)
- pain medication (1)
- particle size distribution (1)
- particulate matter (PM) (1)
- passive smoke (1)
- pathogen (1)
- patient blood management (1)
- patient preference (1)
- patient safety (1)
- patients (1)
- patients' experience (1)
- patient’s decree (1)
- pediatric (1)
- pediatric epilepsy (1)
- pentose phosphate pathway (1)
- perineurium (1)
- perio-prosthetic joint infection (1)
- peritoneal macrophages (1)
- peritumoral edema (1)
- peritumoral edema zone (1)
- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (1)
- phage display (1)
- phagocytosis (1)
- pharmacist (1)
- pharmacodynamics (1)
- pharmacoepigenetics (1)
- pharmacogenetics (1)
- pharmacogenomics (1)
- pharmacokinetics (1)
- pharmacological data science (1)
- pharmacological plasticity (1)
- pharmacoresistance (1)
- phenoconversion (1)
- phenylephrine (1)
- phosphatases (1)
- pig (1)
- pilot study (1)
- pitch (1)
- pitch perception (1)
- placenta (1)
- planimetric measurement (1)
- plasma (1)
- plasminogen (1)
- platelet lysate (1)
- platelet-rich fibrin (1)
- platelet-rich-fibrin (1)
- platelets (1)
- point of care (1)
- point shear wave elastography (1)
- polarization (1)
- polo-like kinase 3 (1)
- poly(A)-tail (1)
- polyethylenimine (1)
- polymerase chain reaction (1)
- polyomavirus (MCPyV) (1)
- polypharmacy (1)
- polyunsaturated fatty acid (1)
- porcine (1)
- portal hypertension (1)
- post-exercise hypotension (1)
- post-transcriptional regulation (1)
- post-translational modifications (1)
- posterior circulation (1)
- posterior fossa masses (1)
- posterior fossa tumor (1)
- postmonsoon (1)
- postnatal neurogenesis (1)
- postoperative delirium (1)
- posttranslational modification (1)
- potassium channel (1)
- ppi1 (1)
- pre-emptive allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (1)
- preconditioning (1)
- prediabetes (1)
- predictive coding (1)
- pretreatment (1)
- prevention (1)
- primary health care (1)
- primary prostate cancer (1)
- production (1)
- prognosis (1)
- prognostic marker (1)
- progressive myoclonus epilepsy (1)
- prostaglandins (1)
- prostate neoplasm (1)
- proteasome (1)
- protein complexes (1)
- protein phosphorylation (1)
- protein–protein interaction (1)
- proton density (1)
- proton pump inhibitors (1)
- proton pumping (1)
- proton-sensing GPCR (1)
- proximal tubule cells (1)
- pseudomonas aeruginosa (1)
- psoriatic arthritis (1)
- psychological distress (1)
- pteridine (1)
- publication output (1)
- pulse-spreading harmonic complex (1)
- qPCR (1)
- qRT-PCR detection (1)
- quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- quantitative proteomics (1)
- quantum biology (1)
- quantum neurobiology (1)
- quiescence (1)
- radiation (1)
- radiation-induced (1)
- radical oxygen species (1)
- radical prostatecomy (1)
- radioimmunotherpay (1)
- radiosensitization (1)
- radiotherapy (1)
- radiotherapy resistance (1)
- radixin (1)
- rapamycin (1)
- rat (1)
- rat femur critical size defect (1)
- real-world data (1)
- recovery (1)
- red blood cells (1)
- reference values (1)
- regenerative medicine (1)
- regenerative therapy (1)
- regorafenib (1)
- regorafenib csf concentration (1)
- regulatory T helper cells (1)
- relaxometry (1)
- remodeling (1)
- renal failure (1)
- repeat biopsy (1)
- reperfusion injury (1)
- reproduction biology (1)
- resistance (1)
- resolution (1)
- resolution of inflammation (1)
- respiratory failure (1)
- resting‐state (1)
- reverberation (1)
- rheumatoid arthritis (1)
- ribavirin (1)
- risk factor (1)
- risk management (1)
- room simulation (1)
- rosetting T cells (1)
- rotational thromboelastometry (1)
- running (1)
- salvage mastectomy (1)
- sarcopenia (1)
- schizophrenia spectrum (1)
- sciatic nerve (1)
- scoping review (1)
- screening (1)
- screening routine (1)
- screening test (1)
- searchlight analysis (1)
- secondary cancer (1)
- secondary data analysis (1)
- secretome (1)
- segmentation (1)
- seizures (1)
- selectin (1)
- selective autophagy receptor (1)
- selfish genetic element (1)
- semiquinone (1)
- sensory organ development (1)
- sepsis (1)
- sequential decision-making (1)
- serum (1)
- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (1)
- severe congenital neutropenia (1)
- severely injured (1)
- shedding (1)
- short bowel (1)
- short linear motifs (SLiMs) (1)
- siRNA delivery (1)
- siRNA/RNAi (1)
- sickle cell anemia (1)
- signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (1)
- signaling (1)
- silk fibroin (1)
- simulation (1)
- simulation training (1)
- single-sided deafness (1)
- sirtuin1 (1)
- size of cigarettes (1)
- small bowel (1)
- smartphone-app (1)
- smoking in pregnancy (1)
- socio-economic influences (1)
- soluble MICA (1)
- sonic hedgehog signaling (1)
- sorafenib (1)
- sound analyses (1)
- spatial (1)
- spatial learning (1)
- specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) (1)
- species differences (1)
- speech perception (1)
- sphinganine 1-phosphate (1)
- sphingolipid (1)
- sphingolipids (1)
- sphingosine 1-phoshate (1)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate antagonistst/inhibitors (1)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolism (1)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling (1)
- sphingosine kinase (1)
- spike mutation (1)
- spinal infection (1)
- spirochete (1)
- splicing (1)
- split-mouth (1)
- spreading (1)
- standard value (1)
- statin treatment (1)
- statistical parametric mapping (1)
- steatosis (1)
- stem cell niche (1)
- stem cell transplantation (1)
- stem cells (1)
- sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (1)
- stoma (1)
- stress granules (1)
- stretching (1)
- structure (1)
- stuttering (1)
- subcutaneous fat (1)
- subpopulation (1)
- subventricular zone (1)
- success rate (1)
- survival (1)
- survival rate (1)
- swallowing (1)
- symptoms (1)
- synaptic plasticity (1)
- synaptic signaling (1)
- synoviocytes (1)
- synuclein (1)
- systemic inflammation (1)
- t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (1)
- tandem mass spectrometry (1)
- targeted biopsy (1)
- tauopathies (1)
- tauopathy (1)
- temozolomide (1)
- temsirolimus (1)
- test protocol (1)
- testosterone (1)
- tetracycline (1)
- tetrahydrocannabinol (1)
- thalassemia (1)
- therapy (1)
- therapy monitoring (1)
- therapy resistance (1)
- thiazolidine and perhydrothiazine derivatives of aldophosphamide and I-aldophosphamide (1)
- three-stage Markov task (1)
- thrombectomy (1)
- thrombolysis (1)
- thrombolysis (tPA) (1)
- thrombopenia (1)
- thrombopietin receptor agonist (1)
- thrombosis (1)
- thymic selection (1)
- tick (1)
- tissue mechanics (1)
- tobacco control (1)
- tobacco products (1)
- tobacco taxation (1)
- toc64 (1)
- toll-like receptor (1)
- topical agent (1)
- tractography (1)
- traffic emissions (1)
- trafficking (1)
- training program (1)
- transcription factors (1)
- transcriptional profiling (1)
- transcriptome analysis (1)
- transfer entropy (1)
- transferrin (1)
- transient elastography (1)
- transient receptor potential channels (1)
- transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) (1)
- transketolase-like protein 1 (1)
- translational medical research (1)
- translational study (1)
- translocon (1)
- transmission (1)
- transrectal prostate biopsy (1)
- transverse axis (1)
- trauma registry (1)
- traumaticbraininjury(TBI) (1)
- treatment (1)
- triathlon (1)
- trophoblast organoids (1)
- trophoblastic cell lines (1)
- tumor adhesion (1)
- tumor immune evasion (1)
- tumor metabolism (1)
- tumor migration (1)
- tumor pain (1)
- tumor proliferation (1)
- tumor stroma (1)
- tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) (1)
- type B (1)
- type I interferon (1)
- tyrosine hydroxylase (1)
- tyrosine kinase receptor signaling (1)
- ubiquitin ligase (1)
- ulcerative colitis (1)
- ultrasonic cleaning (1)
- unconventional T cell (1)
- unilateral hip osteoarthritis (1)
- upgrading (1)
- urethal stricture (1)
- urethroplasty (1)
- usability (1)
- ustekinumab (1)
- vaccination (1)
- validity (1)
- valproic acid (1)
- vasoconstriction (1)
- vasodilation (1)
- vemurafenib (1)
- ventilation modes (1)
- ventralis intermedius nucleus (1)
- vertical transmission (1)
- vertigo (1)
- vestibular function (1)
- viability (1)
- viral tracing (1)
- virulence (1)
- virus (1)
- vismodegib (GDC-0449) (1)
- vitamin D deficiency (1)
- vitamin D metabolites (1)
- vitamin D receptor (1)
- volatile organic compounds (VOC) (1)
- volatile sedation (1)
- waiting time (1)
- walking (1)
- wheezing (1)
- whole-genome sequencing (1)
- wild animals (1)
- within-person factors (1)
- workplace health promotion (1)
- wound healing (1)
- xenograft (1)
- zinc protoporphyrin (1)
- zirconia (1)
- ß-D-glucan (1)
- ß-amyloid (1)
- β-lactamases (1)
- γδT cell (1)
- fibrogenesis (1)
- fingolimod (1)
- flow cytometry (1)
Institut
Rationale: With advances in contemporary radiotherapy techniques, and as cancer survival improves, severe isolated coronary ostial disease may develop many years following mediastinal radiotherapy, even in the absence of classical cardiovascular risk factors.
Patient concerns: We describe the case of a 73-year-old woman with previous chest radiotherapy for breast cancer who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery for severe bilateral coronary ostial lesions.
Diagnoses: Coronary angiography demonstrated severe, isolated bilateral coronary ostial lesions.
Interventions: The patient underwent urgent coronary artery bypass graft surgery to treat her critical coronary artery disease.
Outcomes: Intra-operatively, internal mammary arteries were not amenable to harvesting due to very dense mediastinal adhesions. Therefore, saphenous vein grafts were performed to the left anterior descending, distal left circumflex, obtuse marginal and distal right coronary arteries. The patient made a satisfactory in-hospital recovery, and was subsequently discharged back to her local hospital for rehabilitation.
Lessons: Patients successfully treated with mediastinal radiotherapy require careful long-term follow-up for the assessment of radiation-induced coronary artery disease. Importantly, mediastinal irradiation may preclude internal mammary artery utilization, and thus alter the strategy for surgical myocardial revascularization.
Nonerythroid spectrin αII (SPTAN1) is an important cytoskeletal protein that ensures vital cellular properties including polarity and cell stabilization. In addition, it is involved in cell adhesion, cell-cell contact, and apoptosis. The detection of altered expression of SPTAN1 in tumors indicates that SPTAN1 might be involved in the development and progression of cancer. SPTAN1 has been described in cancer and therapy response and proposed as a potential marker protein for neoplasia, tumor aggressiveness, and therapeutic efficiency. On one hand, the existing data suggest that overexpression of SPTAN1 in tumor cells reflects neoplastic and tumor promoting activity. On the other hand, nuclear SPTAN1 can have tumor suppressing effects by enabling DNA repair through interaction with DNA repair proteins. Moreover, SPTAN1 cleavage products occur during apoptosis and could serve as markers for the efficacy of cancer therapy. Due to SPTAN1’s multifaceted functions and its role in adhesion and migration, SPTAN1 can influence tumor growth and progression in both positive and negative directions depending on its specific regulation. This review summarizes the current knowledge on SPTAN1 in cancer and depicts several mechanisms by which SPTAN1 could impact tumor development and aggressiveness.
Introduction: Colorectal cancers (CRCs) deficient in the DNA mismatch repair protein MutL homolog 1 (MLH1) display distinct clinicopathological features and require a different therapeutic approach compared to CRCs with MLH1 proficiency. However, the molecular basis of this fundamental difference remains elusive. Here, we report that MLH1-deficient CRCs exhibit reduced levels of the cytoskeletal scaffolding protein non-erythroid spectrin αII (SPTAN1), and that tumor progression and metastasis of CRCs correlate with SPTAN1 levels.
Methods and results: To investigate the link between MLH1 and SPTAN1 in cancer progression, a cohort of 189 patients with CRC was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Compared with the surrounding normal mucosa, SPTAN1 expression was reduced in MLH1-deficient CRCs, whereas MLH1-proficient CRCs showed a significant upregulation of SPTAN1. Overall, we identified a strong correlation between MLH1 status and SPTAN1 expression. When comparing TNM classification and SPTAN1 levels, we found higher SPTAN1 levels in stage I CRCs, while stages II to IV showed a gradual reduction of SPTAN1 expression. In addition, SPTAN1 expression was lower in metastatic compared with non-metastatic CRCs. Knockdown of SPTAN1 in CRC cell lines demonstrated decreased cell viability, impaired cellular mobility and reduced cell-cell contact formation, indicating that SPTAN1 plays an important role in cell growth and cell attachment. The observed weakened cell-cell contact of SPTAN1 knockdown cells might indicate that tumor cells expressing low levels of SPTAN1 detach from their primary tumor and metastasize more easily.
Conclusion: Taken together, we demonstrate that MLH1 deficiency, low SPTAN1 expression, and tumor progression and metastasis are in close relation. We conclude that SPTAN1 is a candidate molecule explaining the tumor progression and metastasis of MLH1-deficient CRCs. The detailed analysis of SPTAN1 is now mandatory to substantiate its relevance and its potential value as a candidate protein for targeted therapy, and as a predictive marker of cancer aggressiveness.
Cholinesterase alterations in delirium after cardiosurgery: a German monocentric prospective study
(2020)
Objectives: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication after elective cardiac surgery. Recent evidence indicates that a disruption in the normal activity of the cholinergic system may be associated with delirium.
Design: Prospective observational study.
Setting: Single-centre at a European academic hospital.
Primary: and secondary outcome measures In our study the enzyme activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were determined preoperatively as well as on the first and second postoperative day. The confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit was used to screen patients for the presence of POD.
Results: A total of 114 patients were included in the study. POD was associated with a decrease in BChE activity on postoperative day 1 (p=0.03). In addition, patients who developed POD, had significantly lower preoperative AChE activity than patients without POD (p<0.01). Multivariate analysis identified a preoperatively decreased AChE activity (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.14 to 8.46), anticholinergic treatment (OR 5.09; 95% CI 1.51 to 17.23), elevated European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (OR 3.68; 95% CI 1.04 to 12.99) and age (OR 3.02; 95% CI 1.06 to 8.62) to be independently associated with the development of POD.
Conclusions: We conclude that a reduction in the acetylcholine hydrolysing enzyme activity in patients undergoing cardiac surgery may correlate with the development of POD.
Previous studies in patients with single-sided deafness (SSD) have reported results of pitch comparisons between electric stimulation of their cochlear implant (CI) and acoustic stimulation presented to their near-normal hearing contralateral ear. These comparisons typically used sinusoids, although the percept elicited by electric stimulation may be closer to a wideband stimulus. Furthermore, it has been shown that pitch comparisons between sounds with different timbres is a difficult task and subjected to various types of range biases. The present study aims to introduce a method to minimize non-sensory biases, and to investigate the effect of different acoustic stimulus types on the frequency and variability of the electric-acoustic pitch matches. Pitch matches were collected from 13 CI users with SSD using the binary search procedure. Electric stimulation was presented at either an apical or a middle electrode position, at a rate of 800 pps. Acoustic stimulus types were sinusoids (SINE), 1/3-octave wide narrow bands of Gaussian noises (NBN), or 1/3-octave wide pulse spreading harmonic complexes (PSHC). On the one hand, NBN and PSHC are presumed to better mimic the spread of excitation produced by a single-electrode stimulation than SINE. On the other hand, SINE and PSHC contain less inherent fluctuations than NBN and may therefore provide a temporal pattern closer to that produced by a constant-amplitude electric pulse train. Analysis of mean pitch match variance showed no differences between stimulus types. However, mean pitch matches showed effects of electrode position and stimulus type, with the middle electrode always matched to a higher frequency than the apical one (p < 0.001), and significantly higher across-subject pitch matches for PSHC compared with SINE (p = 0.017). Mean pitch matches for all stimulus types were better predicted by place-dependent characteristic frequencies (CFs) based on an organ of Corti map compared with a spiral ganglion map. CF predictions were closest to pitch matches with SINE for the apical electrode position, and conversely with NBN or PSHC for the middle electrode position. These results provide evidence that the choice of acoustic stimulus type can have a significant effect on electric-acoustic pitch matching.
Objectives: Inadequate oral hygiene still leads to many serious diseases all over the world. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze scientific research in the field of oral health in order to be able to comprehend their relevant subject areas, research connections, or developments. Methods: This study aimed to assess the global publication output on oral hygiene to create a world map that provides background information on key players, trends, and incentives of research. For this purpose, established bibliometric parameters were combined with state-of-the-art visualization techniques. Results: This study shows the actual key players of research on oral hygiene in high-income economies with only marginal participation from lower economies. This still corresponds to the current burden situations, but they are more and more shifting to the disadvantage of the low-income countries. There is a clear North–South and West–East gradient, with the USA and the Western European nations being the most publishing nations on oral hygiene. As an emerging country, Brazil plays a role in the research. Conclusions: The scientific power players were concentrated in high-income countries. However, the changing epidemiological situation requires a different scientific approach to oral hygiene. This requires an expansion of the international network to meet the demands of future global oral health burdens, which are mainly related to oral hygiene.
Iron deficiency, with or without anemia, is the most frequent hematological manifestation in individuals with cancer, and is especially common in patients with colorectal cancer. Iron is a vital micronutrient that plays an essential role in many biological functions, in the context of which it has been found to be intimately linked to cancer biology. To date, however, whereas a large number of studies have comprehensively investigated and reviewed the effects of excess iron on cancer initiation and progression, potential interrelations of iron deficiency with cancer have been largely neglected and are not well-defined. Emerging evidence indicates that reduced iron intake and low systemic iron levels are associated with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, suggesting that optimal iron intake must be carefully balanced to avoid both iron deficiency and iron excess. Since iron is vital in the maintenance of immunological functions, insufficient iron availability may enhance oncogenicity by impairing immunosurveillance for neoplastic changes and potentially altering the tumor immune microenvironment. Data from clinical studies support these concepts, showing that iron deficiency is associated with inferior outcomes and reduced response to therapy in patients with colorectal cancer. Here, we elucidate cancer-related effects of iron deficiency, examine preclinical and clinical evidence of its role in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and treatment response. and highlight the importance of adequate iron supplementation to limit these outcomes.
Chronic intestinal failure (CIF) is a rare but feared complication of Crohn’s disease. Depending on the remaining length of the small intestine, the affected intestinal segment, and the residual bowel function, CIF can result in a wide spectrum of symptoms, from single micronutrient malabsorption to complete intestinal failure. Management of CIF has improved significantly in recent years. Advances in home-based parenteral nutrition, in particular, have translated into increased survival and improved quality of life. Nevertheless, 60% of patients are permanently reliant on parenteral nutrition. Encouraging results with new drugs such as teduglutide have added a new dimension to CIF therapy. The outcomes of patients with CIF could be greatly improved by more effective prevention, understanding, and treatment. In complex cases, the care of patients with CIF requires a multidisciplinary approach involving not only physicians but also dietitians and nurses to provide optimal intestinal rehabilitation, nutritional support, and an improved quality of life. Here, we summarize current literature on CIF and short bowel syndrome, encompassing epidemiology, pathophysiology, and advances in surgical and medical management, and elucidate advances in the understanding and therapy of CIF-related complications such as catheter-related bloodstream infections and intestinal failure-associated liver disease.
Evidence gained from recent studies has generated increasing interest in the role of vitamin D in extraskeletal functions such as inflammation and immunoregulation. Although vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), evidence as to whether vitamin D supplementation may cure or prevent chronic disease is inconsistent. Since 25OH-vitamin D (25OHD) has been suggested to be an acute-phase protein, its utility as a vitamin D status marker is therefore questionable. In this study, possible interactions of vitamin D and inflammation were studied in 188 patients with IBD, with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels ≥ 5 mg/dL and/or fecal calprotectin ≥ 250 µg/g defined as biochemical evidence of inflammatory activity. Levels of 25OHD and vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) were determined by ELISA, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25OHD) and dihydroxycholecalciferol (24,25OHD) by LC-MS/MS. Free and bioavailable vitamin D levels were calculated with the validated formula of Bikle. Serum 1,25OH2D and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) levels were shown to differ between the inflammatory and noninflammatory groups: patients with inflammatory disease activity had significantly higher serum concentrations of 1,25OH2D (35.0 (16.4–67.3) vs. 18.5 (1.2–51.0) pg/mL, p < 0.001) and VDBP (351.2 (252.2–530.6) vs. 330.8 (183.5–560.3) mg/dL, p < 0.05) than patients without active inflammation. Serum 24,25OH2D levels were negatively correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (−0.155, p = 0.049) while concentrations of serum 1,25OH2D correlated positively with hsCRP (0.157, p = 0.036). Correlations with serum VDBP levels were found for ESR (0.150, p = 0.049), transferrin (0.160, p = 0.037) and hsCRP (0.261, p < 0.001). Levels of serum free and bioavailable 25OHD showed a negative correlation with ESR (−0.165, p = 0.031, −0.205, p < 0.001, respectively) and hsCRP (−0.164, p = 0.032, −0.208, p < 0.001 respectively), and a moderate negative correlation with fecal calprotectin (−0.377, p = 0.028, −0.409, p < 0.016, respectively). Serum total 25OHD concentration was the only vitamin D parameter found to have no specific correlation with any of the inflammatory markers. According to these results, the traditional parameter, total 25OHD, still appears to be the best marker of vitamin D status in patients with inflammatory bowel disease regardless of the presence of inflammation.
Compartmentalization of immune response and microbial translocation in decompensated cirrhosis
(2019)
Background: Acquired dysfunctional immunity in cirrhosis predisposes patients to frequent bacterial infections, especially spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), leading to systemic inflammation that is associated with poor outcome. But systemic inflammation can also be found in the absence of a confirmed infection. Detection of bacterial DNA has been investigated as a marker of SBP and as a predictor of prognosis. Data is, however, contradictory. Here we investigated whether levels of IL-6 and IL-8 putatively produced by myeloid cells in ascites are associated with systemic inflammation and whether inflammation depends on the presence of specific bacterial DNA.
Methods and Materials: We enrolled 33 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis from whom we collected paired samples of blood and ascites. IL-6 and IL-8 were measured in serum samples of all patients using ELISA. In a subset of 10 representative patients, bacterial DNA was extracted from ascites and whole blood, followed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.
Results: There were significantly higher levels of IL-6 in ascites fluid compared to blood samples in all patients. Interestingly, IL-6 levels in blood correlated tightly with disease severity and surrogates of systemic inflammation, while IL-6 levels in ascites did not. Moreover, patients with higher blood CRP levels showed greater SBP prevalence compared to patients with lower levels, despite similar positive culture results. Bacterial richness was also significantly higher in ascites compared to the corresponding patient blood. We identified differences in microbial composition and diversity between ascites and blood, but no tight relationship with surrogates of systemic inflammation could be observed.
Discussion: In decompensated cirrhosis, markers of systemic inflammation and microbiota composition seem to be dysregulated in ascites and blood. While a relationship between systemic inflammation and microbiota composition seems to exist in blood, this is not the case for ascites in our hands. These data may suggest compartmentalization of the immune response and interaction of the latter with the microbiota especially in the blood compartment.
The estimation of the minimum time since death is one of the main applications of forensic entomology. This can be done by calculating the age of the immature stage of necrophagous flies developing on the corpse, which is confined to approximately 2–4 weeks, depending on temperature and species of the first colonizing wave of flies. Adding the age of the adult flies developed on the dead body could extend this time frame up to several weeks when the body is in a building or closed premise. However, the techniques for accurately estimating the age of adult flies are still in their beginning stages or not sufficiently validated. Here we review the current state of the art of analysing the aging of flies by evaluating the ovarian development, the amount of pteridine in the eyes, the degree of wing damage, the modification of their cuticular hydrocarbon patterns, and the increasing number of growth layers in the cuticula. New approaches, including the use of age specific molecular profiles based on the levels of gene and protein expression and the application of near infrared spectroscopy, are introduced, and the forensic relevance of these methods is discussed.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is caused by polyglutamine expansion in Ataxin-2 (ATXN2). This factor binds RNA/proteins to modify metabolism after stress, and to control calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis after stimuli. Cerebellar ataxias and corticospinal motor neuron degeneration are determined by gain/loss in ATXN2 function, so we aimed to identify key molecules in this atrophic process, as potential disease progression markers. Our Atxn2-CAG100-Knock-In mouse faithfully models features observed in patients at pre-onset, early and terminal stages. Here, its cerebellar global RNA profiling revealed downregulation of signaling cascades to precede motor deficits. Validation work at mRNA/protein level defined alterations that were independent of constant physiological ATXN2 functions, but specific for RNA/aggregation toxicity, and progressive across the short lifespan. The earliest changes were detected at three months among Ca2+ channels/transporters (Itpr1, Ryr3, Atp2a2, Atp2a3, Trpc3), IP3 metabolism (Plcg1, Inpp5a, Itpka), and Ca2+-Calmodulin dependent kinases (Camk2a, Camk4). CaMKIV–Sam68 control over alternative splicing of Nrxn1, an adhesion component of glutamatergic synapses between granule and Purkinje neurons, was found to be affected. Systematic screening of pre/post-synapse components, with dendrite morphology assessment, suggested early impairment of CamKIIα abundance together with the weakening of parallel fiber connectivity. These data reveal molecular changes due to ATXN2 pathology, primarily impacting excitability and communication.
Inflammatory activation of astroglia adds to the pathology of various neurological diseases. Astrocytes respond to microglia-derived cytokines such as interleukin-1α (IL-1α) with enhanced inflammatory signaling. This provokes pro-inflammatory gene expression of, among others, the eicosanoid-generating enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2). Whereas metabolic regulation of innate immune cell inflammatory responses is intensely studied, pathways related to how metabolism modulates inflammatory signaling in astrocytes are underexplored. Here, we examined how mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation affects inflammatory responses towards IL-1α and tumor necrosis factor α in neonatal rat astrocytes. Blocking respiratory complex I and III or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase did not affect activation of inflammatory signaling by IL-1α, but did elicit differential effects on inflammatory gene mRNA expression. Remarkably, mRNA and protein expression of Ptgs2 by IL-1α was consistently up-regulated when oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited. The increase of Ptgs2 resulted from mRNA stabilization. Mitochondrial inhibitors also increased IL-1α-triggered secretion of eicosanoids, such as prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2α, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α, as assessed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Mechanistically, attenuating oxidative phosphorylation elevated adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK silencing prevented Ptgs2 up-regulation by mitochondrial inhibitors, while AMPK activators recapitulated Ptgs2 mRNA stability regulation. Our data indicate modulation of astrocyte inflammatory responses by oxidative metabolism, with relevance towards eicosanoid production.
Hereditary Parkinson’s disease (PD) can be triggered by an autosomal dominant overdose of alpha-Synuclein (SNCA) as stressor or the autosomal recessive deficiency of PINK1 Serine/Threonine-phosphorylation activity as stress-response. We demonstrated the combination of PINK1-knockout with overexpression of SNCAA53T in double mutant (DM) mice to exacerbate locomotor deficits and to reduce lifespan. To survey posttranslational modifications of proteins underlying the pathology, brain hemispheres of old DM mice underwent quantitative label-free global proteomic mass spectrometry, focused on Ser/Thr-phosphorylations. As an exceptionally strong effect, we detected >300-fold reductions of phosphoThr1928 in MAP1B, a microtubule-associated protein, and a similar reduction of phosphoSer3781 in ANK2, an interactor of microtubules. MAP1B depletion is known to trigger perturbations of microtubular mitochondria trafficking, neurite extension, and synaptic function, so it was noteworthy that relevantly decreased phosphorylation was also detected for other microtubule and microfilament factors, namely MAP2S1801, MARK1S394, MAP1AT1794, KIF1AS1537, 4.1NS541, 4.1GS86, and ADD2S528. While the MAP1B heavy chain supports regeneration and growth cones, its light chain assists DAPK1-mediated autophagy. Interestingly, relevant phosphorylation decreases of DAPK2S299, VPS13DS2429, and VPS13CS2480 in the DM brain affected regulators of autophagy, which are implicated in PD. Overall, significant downregulations were enriched for PFAM C2 domains, other kinases, and synaptic transmission factors upon automated bioinformatics, while upregulations were not enriched for selective motifs or pathways. Validation experiments confirmed the change of LC3 processing as reflection of excessive autophagy in DM brain, and dependence of ANK2/MAP1B expression on PINK1 levels. Our new data provide independent confirmation in a mouse model with combined PARK1/PARK4/PARK6 pathology that MAP1B/ANK2 phosphorylation events are implicated in Parkinsonian neurodegeneration. These findings expand on previous observations in Drosophila melanogaster that the MAP1B ortholog futsch in the presynapse is a primary target of the PARK8 protein LRRK2, and on a report that MAP1B is a component of the pathological Lewy body aggregates in PD patient brains. Similarly, ANK2 gene locus variants are associated with the risk of PD, ANK2 interacts with PINK1/Parkin-target proteins such as MIRO1 or ATP1A2, and ANK2-derived peptides are potent inhibitors of autophagy.
Acetaminophen [paracetamol, N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)]-induced acute liver injury (ALI) not only remains a persistent clinical challenge but likewise stands out as well-characterized paradigmatic model of drug-induced liver damage. APAP intoxication associates with robust hepatic necroinflammation the role of which remains elusive with pathogenic but also pro-regenerative/-resolving functions being ascribed to leukocyte activation. Here, we shine a light on and put forward a unique role of the interleukin (IL)-1 family member IL-18 in experimental APAP-induced ALI. Indeed, amelioration of disease as previously observed in IL-18-deficient mice was further substantiated herein by application of the IL-18 opponent IL-18-binding protein (IL-18BPd:Fc) to wild-type mice. Data altogether emphasize crucial pathological action of this cytokine in APAP toxicity. Adding recombinant IL-22 to IL-18BPd:Fc further enhanced protection from liver injury. In contrast to IL-18, the role of prototypic pro-inflammatory IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α is controversially discussed with lack of effects or even protective action being repeatedly reported. A prominent detrimental function for IL-18 in APAP-induced ALI as proposed herein should relate to its pivotal role for hepatic expression of interferon-γ and Fas ligand, both of which aggravate APAP toxicity. As IL-18 serum levels increase in patients after APAP overdosing, targeting IL-18 may evolve as novel therapeutic option in those hard-to-treat patients where standard therapy with N-acetylcysteine is unsuccessful. Being a paradigmatic experimental model of ALI, current knowledge on ill-fated properties of IL-18 in APAP intoxication likewise emphasizes the potential of this cytokine to serve as therapeutic target in other entities of inflammatory liver diseases.
Cytokine regulation of high-output nitric oxide (NO) derived from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is critically involved in inflammation biology and host defense. Herein, we set out to characterize the role of type I interferon (IFN) as potential regulator of hepatic iNOS in vitro and in vivo. In this regard, we identified in murine Hepa1-6 hepatoma cells a potent synergism between pro-inflammatory interleukin-β/tumor necrosis factor-α and immunoregulatory IFNβ as detected by analysis of iNOS expression and nitrite release. Upregulation of iNOS by IFNβ coincided with enhanced binding of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 to a regulatory region at the murine iNOS promoter known to support target gene expression in response to this signaling pathway. Synergistic iNOS induction under the influence of IFNβ was confirmed in alternate murine Hepa56.1D hepatoma cells and primary hepatocytes. To assess iNOS regulation by type I IFN in vivo, murine acetaminophen (APAP)-induced sterile liver inflammation was investigated. In this model of acute liver injury, excessive necroinflammation drives iNOS expression in diverse liver cell types, among others hepatocytes. Herein, we demonstrate impaired iNOS expression in type I IFN receptor-deficient mice which associated with diminished APAP-induced liver damage. Data presented indicate a vital role of type I IFN within the inflamed liver for fine-tuning pathological processes such as overt iNOS expression.
HuR plays an important role in tumor cell survival mainly through posttranscriptional upregulation of prominent anti-apoptotic genes. In addition, HuR can inhibit the translation of pro-apoptotic factors as we could previously report for caspase-2. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of caspase-2 suppression by HuR and its contribution to chemotherapeutic drug resistance of colon carcinoma cells. In accordance with the significant drug-induced increase in cytoplasmic HuR abundance, doxorubicin and paclitaxel increased the interaction of cytoplasmic HuR with the 5ʹuntranslated region (5ʹUTR) of caspase-2 as shown by RNA pull down assay. Experiments with bicistronic reporter genes furthermore indicate the presence of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) within the caspase-2-5ʹUTR. Luciferase activity was suppressed either by chemotherapeutic drugs or ectopic expression of HuR. IRES-driven luciferase activity was significantly increased upon siRNA-mediated knockdown of HuR implicating an inhibitory effect of HuR on caspase-2 translation which is further reinforced by chemotherapeutic drugs. Comparison of RNA-binding affinities of recombinant HuR to two fragments of the caspase-2-5ʹUTR by EMSA revealed a critical HuR-binding site residing between nucleotides 111 and 241 of caspase-2-5ʹUTR. Mapping of critical RNA binding domains within HuR revealed that a fusion of RNA recognition motif 2 (RRM2) plus the hinge region confers a full caspase-2-5ʹUTR-binding. Functionally, knockdown of HuR significantly increased the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to drug-induced apoptosis. Importantly, the apoptosis sensitizing effects by HuR knockdown were rescued after silencing of caspase-2. The negative caspase-2 regulation by HuR offers a novel therapeutic target for sensitizing colon carcinoma cells to drug-induced apoptosis.
Stem cell-based therapies require cells with a maximum regenerative capacity in order to support regeneration after tissue injury and organ failure. Optimization of this regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) or their conditioned medium by in vitro preconditioning regimens are considered to be a promising strategy to improve the release of regenerative factors. In the present study, MSC were isolated from inguinal adipose tissue (mASC) from C57BL/6 mice, cultured, and characterized. Then, mASC were either preconditioned by incubation in a hypoxic environment (0.5% O2), or in normoxia in the presence of murine epidermal growth factor (EGF) or tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) for 48 h. Protein expression was measured by a commercially available array. Selected factors were verified by PCR analysis. The expression of 83 out of 308 proteins (26.9%) assayed was found to be increased after preconditioning with TNFα, whereas the expression of 61 (19.8%) and 70 (22.7%) proteins was increased after incubation with EGF or in hypoxia, respectively. Furthermore, we showed the proliferation-promoting effects of the preconditioned culture supernatants on injured epithelial cells in vitro. Our findings indicate that each preconditioning regimen tested induced an individual expression profile with a wide variety of factors, including several growth factors and cytokines, and therefore may enhance the regenerative potential of mASC for cell-based therapies.
Pulmonary failure is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the human chromosomal instability syndrome Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). Major phenotypes include recurrent respiratory tract infections and bronchiectasis, aspiration, respiratory muscle abnormalities, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. At present, no effective pulmonary therapy for A-T exists. Cell therapy using adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) might be a promising approach for tissue regeneration. The aim of the present project was to investigate whether ASCs migrate into the injured lung parenchyma of Atm-deficient mice as an indication of incipient tissue damage during A-T. Therefore, ASCs isolated from luciferase transgenic mice (mASCs) were intravenously transplanted into Atm-deficient and wild-type mice. Retention kinetics of the cells were monitored using in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and completed by subsequent verification using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The in vivo imaging and the qPCR results demonstrated migration accompanied by a significantly longer retention time of transplanted mASCs in the lung parenchyma of Atm-deficient mice compared to wild type mice. In conclusion, our study suggests incipient damage in the lung parenchyma of Atm-deficient mice. In addition, our data further demonstrate that a combination of luciferase-based PCR together with BLI is a pivotal tool for tracking mASCs after transplantation in models of inflammatory lung diseases such as A-T.