230 Christentum, Christliche Theologie
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By the latter half of the twentieth century, a documented, substantial quantitative increase had occurred in the total number of Christian political organizations operating in Washington, D.C. with the sole purpose of influencing Congress and the administration through direct lobbying. This study seeks to understand what were the contributing historical factors that influenced the rise of Christian Lobby Organizations (CLOs), resulting in their normalization in American society?
The reformation in Germany and Martin Luther did not come out of nothing. A whole century before, the era was characterized by a series of attempts at religious reform. Two of Luther's predecessors lived in Bohemia: Jan Hus (about 1369-1415) and Jerome of Prague (about 1378/79-1416). The latter studied in Oxford where he was inspired by the teachings of John Wyclif and brought these ideas to Prague. There they inspired the Dean of the Arts Faculty, Jan Hus, to deliver great sermons. Jan Hus also received enthusiastic support from the Bohemian aristocracy, the Prague middle class and the common people. His reformation was therefore more than just a theological affair; it became a political power factor and a revolutionary project. In 1415 Hus was summoned to the Council of Constance, where he was condemned and burnt to death, despite being promised safe passage. His death as a martyr triggered revolts in Bohemia, leading to the Hussite civil wars. The Hussites' most important demands (free sermons based on the Bible, Communion provided in bread and wine, separation of church and state rule, the overcoming of social injustices) and church services in the national language were to become central demands of Luther, but they had already been implemented in Bohemia a hundred years earlier.
Das Wissen um die Bedeutung des menschlichen Herzens als zentrales Organ ist den Menschen aller Kulturen und Zeiten gemeinsam. Das Herz bildete den Referenzpunkt anthropologischer Selbstidentifikation und wurde bereits bei den antiken Völkern zu einem existenziellen Symbol, das auch in die christliche Kultur transformiert wurde. Dem Herzen sowie seiner symbolischen Verwendung in Theologie, Mystik und Frömmigkeit kommt in der gesamten Christentumsgeschichte eine herausragende Stellung zu. Ungeachtet des Fokus der modernen medizinischen Forschung auf die physiologische Funktionalität des Herzens hat sich dessen starke Symbolkraft bis in unsere Gegenwart erhalten. Exemplarisch soll hier beleuchtet werden, welche Veränderungen dieses Symbol im Laufe der Christentumsgeschichte erfuhr. ...
GOeTHEO : Ausgabe 21
(2019)
Since the turn of the millennium, historical research has become increasingly interested in knowledge-based societies and their cultures, not least medieval ones. Whereas legal historical medieval studies have joined the interdisciplinary discussion about the notion of order as well as that of law, the notion of knowledge, and especially that of legal knowledge, has not been in the focus of interest. This observation serves as the starting point for Stephan Dusil’s habilitation thesis, which he submitted in 2016 at the Faculty of Law of the University of Zurich and which is now available as a monograph. ...
Kleine Details und feine Unterschiede machen, wie wir alle wissen, bisweilen handfeste Gegensätze. Großflächige Konflikte entfachen sich an zunächst nebensächlichen Ereignissen und Umständen. Gerade in religiösen Fragen spielen häufig vermeintliche Nebensächlichkeiten eine zentrale Rolle oder werden zur Grundlage jahrhundertelanger Diskussionen und heftiger Auseinandersetzungen; verschiedenartigste Glaubensströmungen und dogmatische Lehren entwachsen ihnen.
GOeTHEO : Ausgabe 20
(2019)