390 Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore
Refine
Year of publication
- 2008 (12) (remove)
Document Type
- Magister's Thesis (4)
- Doctoral Thesis (2)
- Part of Periodical (2)
- Report (2)
- Review (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Language
- German (8)
- English (2)
- Portuguese (2)
Has Fulltext
- yes (12) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (12)
Keywords
- Angola (2)
- Entstehung (2)
- Herkunft (2)
- Mbundu (2)
- origin (2)
- provenance (2)
- Alevis (1)
- Anthropology (1)
- Audiologie (1)
- Audiology (1)
Institute
- Kulturwissenschaften (7)
- Extern (2)
- Fachübergreifend (1)
- Geschichtswissenschaften (1)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (1)
Rezension zu: Regina Römhild et. al. (Hrsg.) : Fast Food. Slow Food. Ethnographische Studien zum Verhältnis von Globalisierung und Regionalisierung in der Ernährung. Kulturanthropologie Notizen. Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Kulturanthropologie und Europäische Ethnologie der Universität Frankfurt am Main, Band 76, Frankfurt, 2008, ISBN 978-3-923992-78-2 ; 226 Seiten, 19 Euro.
This paper discusses the implications of transnational media production and diasporic networks for the cultural politics of migrant minorities. How are fields of cultural politics transformed if Hirschmann’s famous options ‘exit’ and ‘voice’ are no longer constituting mutually exclusive responses to dissent within a nation-state, but modes of action that can combine and build upon each other in the context of migration and diasporic media activism? Two case studies are discussed in more detail, relating to Alevi amateur television production in Germany and to a Kurdish satellite television station that reaches out to a diaspora across Europe and the Middle East. Keywords: migrant media, transnationalism, Alevis, Kurds, Turkey, Germany
Nichtregierungsorganisationen, in der englischen Abkürzung: NGOs (Non Governmental Organisations), sind seit Ende der 80er Jahre und besonders seit der UNO-Umweltkonferenz in Rio 1992 im sozialwissenschaftlichen Milieu ein gängiges Thema. Dabei verweisen die mal optimistischeren, mal pessimistischeren Einschätzungen über NGOs als Akteure auf internationaler Ebene im Kontext der aktuellen Globalisierungsprozesse auch darauf, dass nach dem Ende des Ost-WestGegensatzes die Debatte um die sogenannte internationale Zivilgesellschaft in den Vordergrund gerückt ist. Der Bedeutungszuwachs der NGOs in der internationale Arena hat mit dem Niedergang der Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen in den kapitalisitschen Metropolen, dem Ende des Ost-West-Konflikts und nicht zuletzt der damit verbundenen neoliberalen Globalisierung zu tun. ...
A origem dos Ovimbundu tem sido motivo de estudos apaixonados por parte de vários historiadores. Uma das razões tem a ver com o facto de se tratar de um grupo étnico que marcou (e continua a marcar), de modo profundo, a história económica, social, política e cultural da porção de território que hoje se chama Angola.
Num dos artigos, relativos à história dos Ovimbundu, apresentamos três hipóteses sobre a possível origem deste grupo étnico, tendo-nos inclinado, depois de apresentarmos alguns factos, para a hipótese para nós a mais defensável segundo a qual os Ovimbundu descendem dos autores das pinturas rupestres de Caninguiri que, através de um processo de aculturação e miscigenação, foram adquirindo traços dos outros grupos bantu, chegados de paragens e latitudes longínquas. Os mitos possuem uma importância capital, porquanto a análise das narrativas permite não só resgatar elementos susceptíveis de subsidiar a análise de factos históricos (complementando as fontes escritas), como também auxiliar na identificação de elementos culturais com vista à construção da identidade de um determinado grupo étnico.
Die vorliegende Arbeit betrachtet aus der Perspektive der Kulturanthropologie, auf welchen Wissensprozessen die Erklärungsmodelle von Psychiatern im Bezug auf die klinische Depressionstherapie beruhen. Die Elemente, aus denen das Wissenskonzept eines Arztes zusammengesetzt ist, müssen sich im praktischen Handeln, also in der therapeutischen Situation mit dem Patienten, bewähren. Dabei ist weitaus mehr notwendig als das Verordnen einer Pille, die das chemische Ungleichgewicht im Gehirn reguliert. Anhand derklinischen Depressionstherapie soll deutlich werden, auf welche Weise Psychiater in ihrer Praxis auf explizites und implizites Wissen zurückgreifen und dieses in ihr Erklärungsmodell integrieren, wann ihr Erfahrungswissen relevant wird und wie damit Handeln auch angesichts von Unsicherheiten oder widersprüchlichen Diskursen in der psychiatrischen Profession möglich ist.
The dissertation, ”Coping with emergent hearing loss”, is written in English and is based on the diversity of problems connected to hearing loss and the adaptation of hearing aids. The research was carried out in Denmark and involves adults with an emergent hearing loss, who have decided to become hearing aid users. The data is analyzed through methods of cultural anthropology with focus on the following topics: How do the new users cope with the status passage towards being hearing aid users, how do they integrate the hearing aids into their lives, and what are the involved learning processes. What are the consequences of the provision by the state of free hearing aids, their free adaptation as well as free batteries, and does the state take part in the construction of the social group of new hearing aid users? The method is based on qualitative field work. Two public hospitals were helpful in identifying 24 new users, who acquired a free hearing aid through the hearing health care system. Through ENTs and private dispensers 17 further respondents joined the study – these acquired their hearing aids with a considerable state subsidy but mostly they themselves contributed financially as well. The 41 respondents between the ages of 42 to 92 years of age came from a wide range of professions and were followed throughout 2003 und 2004. After an in-depth qualitative interview, the contact to the respondents was maintained in order to follow the process of integration into their lives. When possible, the respondents were accompanied to their appointments in the private or public clinics. Moreover, interviews with experts from the public hearing health care system, politicians and user organisations were carried out, and the general public debate on the hard of hearing and hearing loss was followed and recorded. The second chapter gives an overview of the position of audiology in Denmark, of epidemiological information on hearing loss in the Danish society and statistics to the use of hearing aids. Moreover, basic information is given about the functioning of the human ear, the auditive perception and diagnosis and classification of hearing loss as well as a short introduction to the hearing aid technology. The structure of the further thesis divides the material into three pillars that make the discussion of the interaction processes possible. (1) The user’s interaction with the lifeworld concerns the meaning of hearing in relation to social participation. For some of the users, a good sense of hearing was essential to communicate freely and uphold their position in relation to others, whereas other respondents paid less attention to the information they acquired through their sense of hearing. A number of the respondents were selective and only used their hearing aids in specific situations, whereas another group discontinued the use of their hearing aids for various reasons. Status passages that hold specific challenges like a new work place or a new marriage motivate the continued everyday use. On the whole, the thesis illustrates that hearing loss is a socially dividing factor that complicates the interaction with others. In comparison to other bodily impairments or diseases, the hearing loss is rarely used as occasion to unite with fellow sufferers, join patient organisations or form self help groups. (2) The users’ interaction with the institutions The medical anthropologist Arthur Kleinman conceptualises health care as a moral process in which essential issues are at stake for the users. Different factors interact in the process: the training of the experts, allocation of funds, the quality of the technology, the dispensing procedures and the motivation and individual characteristics of the new users. The integration of the hearing aid into the lifeworld can be compared to a learning process, for which reason the learning theory of the anthropologist Gregory Bateson is outlined. Susanne Bisgaard’s own theory lists the meaning creating elements that serve as motivation for the users to counteract contingency (occurrences that influence the adaptation negatively). In the interaction between individual and society, the individual can apply strategies in order to eliminate stumbling blocks. (3) The users’ interaction with the technology A number of theorists from Anthropology as well as Science and Technology Studies are discussed in order to question their validity with regard to human action autonomy vs. technological determination and test the theoretical models with regard to their usability for the thesis. Hearing aids have a supporting function in everyday life and have the capability of moderating the user’s perception of sound. The alienating experience of hearing one’s own voice amplified, of wearing a foreign body in the ear and the different strategies that emerge from the more or less successful handling of the technology is reported by way of case stories and quotes from the interviews.