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Syntactic and semantic aspects of supplementary relative clauses in English and Sōrānī Kurdish
(2020)
In this thesis, I examine and analyse supplementary relative clauses(SRCs), also known as non-restrictive relative clauses. SRCs have received considerably less attention in the study of relative clauses than integrated, or restrictive, relative clauses (IRCs). The (surface) syntactic structure of the two types of relative clauses (RCs) is largely identical. Therefore, it is not straightforward to determine where to locate the difference in the interpretation between IRCs and SRCs.To address this question, I focus on two types of English SRCs: determiner-which RCs, and SRCs introduced by that. Determiner-which RCs can only be interpreted as SRCs. Previous HPSG approaches built on the generalisation that that RCs cannot be SRCs. Hence there is no HPSG analysis for relative that in SRCs. In this thesis I show the acceptability of the two constructions by the American native speakers and provide both structures with an HPSG analysis.I extend my discussion beyond English by looking at relative clauses in Sorānī Kurdish. I argue that RCs in Sorānī Kurdish share essential properties withEnglish bare RCs and that RCs, though Sorānī Kurdish has no equivalent of wh-RCs. I also provide Sorānī Kurdish with an HPSG analysis.
This thesis primarily investigates an (hitherto unnoticed) agreement alternation between Romance and Germanic in D>N>&>N constructions (e.g. “these walls and ceiling”). While Romance exhibits left conjunct agreement, Germanic shows morphologically resolved agreement on the determiner, i.e. the phi-feature mismatching conjuncts can only be licensed if a syncretic form is available. To handle these data the author suggests a theory in which coordination is syntactically and morphologically unspecified and multiple agree is a general option. Infelicitous derivations are ruled out by interface conditions on the semantic and the phonological well formedness. The complete results of the corpus research conducted to deliver a sound empirical basis for the phenomena investigated in this thesis can be found in the appendix.
Im Mittelpunkt der Dissertation steht die Untersuchung der Sprachförderkompetenz von Grundschullehrkräften aus linguistischer Perspektive. Dabei geht es um Grundschullehrkräfte, die in der vorschulischen Sprachförderung, v.a. von Kindern mit Deutsch als früher Zweitsprache (DaZ), im Rahmen sogenannter Vorlaufkurse in Hessen tätig sind. Anhand von zwei zentralen Dimensionen professioneller Kompetenz, dem Wissen und dem Handeln, werden in zwei empirischen Studien anhand einer Gruppe von 10 Lehrkräften der Umfang des sprachlichen Fachwissens und verschiedene Eigenschaften des sprachlichen Handelns in der Interaktion mit DaZ-Kindern im Vorlaufkurs untersucht. Zudem werden mögliche Zusammenhänge zwischen Wissen und Handeln sowie Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten hinsichtlich beider Dimensionen zu pädagogischen Fachkräften aus dem Elementarbereich geprüft.