540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (43)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (44)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (44)
Institute
- Biochemie und Chemie (42)
- Biochemie, Chemie und Pharmazie (2)
- Physik (1)
The gas phase ion chemistry of the simplest known phosphorus ylide, trimethylmethylenephosphorane, has been studied in the mass range m/e=2 - 186 and the pressure range 10-7-10-4 Torr. The most abundant product ion, m/e = 104, (CH3)2C2H5PCH2'+ is formed by a methylene group transfer reaction of the molecular ion. Almost all of the other product ions formed from the molecular ion can be subsumed under the general formula (CH3)3PCHPRn+ (R = H, CH3; n=1,2,3). The reactions indicate that the molecular ion has lost its ylide character almost completely. The protonated molecule is formed almost exclusively by a reaction of the fragment ion m/e = 75. This reaction and the CH3PH group transfer reaction indicate a cyclic structure (CH3) HP(CH2)2+ for this ion. A cyclic structure is also assumed for the ion m/e = 73, PC3H6+, which undergoes P and PH transfer reactions. The reactions of the ion m/e = 47 are consistent with the structure CH3PH+. The ICR and mass spectra are given, some metastable decompositions are discussed.
The mass spectrum and the ion molecule reactions of phosphirane and of mixtures of phosphirane with NH3 , NH2D, NHD2 and ND3 have been studied by ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry. Almost all important product ions are formed by PH-group transfer reactions, where ethene is generated as the neutral particle. Only two of the more abundant ions, the protonated molecule, H2P(CH2)2+ and the ion m/e=63, P2H+, are formed via other reaction pathways. Secondary, tertiary and quarternary product ions with the general formula R(PH)n+ (R: phosphirane fragment, n-1, 2, 3) have been detected.
The molecular ion is proved to have a cyclic structure. Two possible structures of the product ions with two and three phosphorus atoms are discussed: a structure with an open phosphorus chain, leaving the phosphirane ring intact and a ring extended structure, produced by a ring extension reaction of the PH-group.
Several rate constants of the ion molecule reactions of the phosphirane molecular ion are given.
Es wird das Mikrowellenspektrum von Fluorwasserstoffassoziaten im X-und K-Band bei -70 °C und 0,01 Torr gemessen und analysiert. Dazu wird ein erstelltes Frequenzprogramm für den asymmetrischen Kreisel verwendet, sowie ein Extrapolationsprogramm, das eine in der Literatur angegebene druck-und temperaturabhängige Verteilung der Fluorwasserstoffassoziate auf für Mikrowellenspektroskopie geeignete Drücke und Temperaturen umzurechnen erlaubt. Es zeigt sich, daß planare hexamere und heptamere Fluorwasserstoffassoziate vorliegen mit F-F-F-Winkeln von etwa 104° und H-F-Bindungslängen von 0,9997 Å bzw. 0,9640 Å. Die Längen der Wasserstoff brücken sind 1,4998 Å bzw. 1,6105 Å. Ein Vergleich der Bindungslängen zeigt, daß bei Anlagerung von H-F an (HF)6 eine Kontraktion der Fluorwasserstoffbindung um 3,5% und eine Dilatation der Wasserstoffbrückenbindung um 1% stattfindet. Dieses Ergebnis steht im Einklang mit der oben erwähnten Assoziatverteilung, die eine Minderung der Kettenstabilität beim Übergang von hexamerer zu heptamerer Kette erwarten läßt.
The ion-molecule reactions of thiothionylfluoride have been studied by ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry. The major secondary ions are S2F3+ , S3F+ , and S3F2+. In a consecutive reaction of S3F2+ the tertiary ion S4F2+ is formed. The rate constant of the IMR with the greatest yield S2F2+ + SSF2 → S3F2+ + SF was estimated to k = 2 · 10-9 cm 3 molecule -1 sec -1 . The results were compared with the mass spectrum of thiothionylfluoride. They permit conclusions on chemical reactions of lower sulphurfluorides.
Es wird das Mikrowellenspektrum eines symmetrischen Kreisels (tert.-Butyljodid) untersucht, in dem sich die HFS-Komponenten des Schwingungsgrundzustandes mit denen einiger angeregten Vibrationszustände überlagern. Dabei gelingt es, eine allgemeine Methode zur Analyse eines mit den genannten Schwierigkeiten behafteten Spektrums zu entwickeln. Die Auswertung ergibt im Falle des tert.-Butyljodids folgende Konstanten: e Q q = -1709,5 ± 5,5 MHz, B = 1560,60 ± 0,01 MHz, DJ = 0,20 ± 0,10 kHz, DJK = 0,70 ± 0,07 kHz, rC-J = 2,190 ± 0,005 Å.
The microwave spectrum of several symmetric and asymmetric top isotopic species of CH3CCl3 has been studied in the region from 8 to 40 GHz. A least squares analysis of the rotational con-stants gave the following structural parameters : dC-C =(1.541 ±0.001) A, dC-Cl = (1,7712 ± 0.0008) A, dC-H = (1.090 ± 0.002) A, ∢H—C—H= (110.04±0.25) ° , ∢Cl—C—Cl= (109.39 ±0.25) °. A dipole moment of μ = (1.755 ± 0.015) D has been derived from the investigation of the Stark effect of the transition J=4→5 of CH3CCl3335. From intensity measurements the barrier to internal rotation is estimated to be (1740 ± 300) cal/mol. An analysis of the spectrum of CH2DCCl2Cl37 shows conclusively that methylchloroform in its equilibrium configuration has the methyl group staggered with respect to the CCl3-group. It could be shown that there exist two torsional isomers gauche and anti with specific microwave spectra.
The microwave spectra of SiHBr3 and SiDBr3 have been investigated in the region from 28 to 40 GHz. From the rotational constants the following structural parameters were derived by a least square method: dSi-H = (1,494 ± 0,009) A, dSi-Br = (2,170 ± 0,001) Å, ∢Br-Si-Br = (111,36 ± 0,25)0. The results are compared with those obtained for other Si-halogen-compounds.
The microwave spectrum of CF3CCl3 has been investigated in the region from 15 to 40 GHz. A least squares analysis of the rotational constants gave the following structural parameters: dC–C= (1,5394 ± 0,001) A, dC–F= (1,330 ±0,001) A, dC-Cl = (1,7710 ± 0,0009) A, ∢ C—C—F = (109,55 ± 0,25) °, ∢ C—C—Cl= (109,55 ± 0,25) °. The splitting of the torsional satellite may be explained by the theory of KOEHLER and DENNISON.