840 Literaturen romanischer Sprachen; Französische Literatur
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Im deutschsprachigen Raum ist anschlussfähige Forschung an die international und interdisziplinär ausgelegten 'Energy Humanities' noch unterrepräsentiert. Im folgenden Beitrag werden zunächst das Forschungsfeld, seine Herkunft und Zielperspektiven aufgeschlüsselt. Energie und Energienutzung werden als Teil menschlicher Kultur verstanden. Um aufzuzeigen, wie sich literarische Analysen in den Gesamtkontext der 'Energy Humanities' einfügen, exemplifiziert der Beitrag drei Lektüren von Jane Austens "Emma" (1816), Émile Zolas "Germinal" (1885) und Erik Neutschs "Spur der Steine" (1964). Alle drei Texte erfordern einen individuellen energie-kritischen Fokus, durch den die ihnen eigenen Energiesysteme hervortreten können. Komparatistisch gelesen zeigen sie den Facettenreichtum energie-kritischer literarischer Studien auf: Energienutzung als Statussymbol, Rohstoffextraktion als Kontamination des Menschen, industrielle Energieproduktion als Staatsminiatur.
Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit Zeitwahrnehmungen und Zukunftsvorstellungen, die in Romane der 1920er Jahre in Paris und New York transportiert werden. Dabei dienen Paris und New York als zwei paradigmatische Städte der Moderne, in denen Diskurse zur Modernität und Stadtentwicklung literarisch aufgearbeitet werden. Die Textanalyse konzentriert sich hauptsächlich auf drei Aspekte der Stadtdarstellung: Illusionen der Ewigkeit und des Stillstandes, Diskurse zur mechanischen (Selbst-)Zerstörung und Phantasmagorien des Untergangs. Der Vergleich zwischen Paris und New York soll dazu beitragen, kulturell bedingte Unterschiede sowie epochenspezifische Gemeinsamkeiten in den Zukunftsvisionen der jeweiligen Stadt aufzudecken.
Nationality traditionally is one of imagology's key terms. In this article, I propose an intersectional understanding of this category, conceiving nationality as an interdependent dynamic. I thus conclude it to be always internally constructed by notions of gender, sexuality, race, class, religion, age, ability, and other identity categories. This complex and multi-layered construct, I argue, is formed narratively. To exemplify this, I analyse practices of stereotyping in Honoré de Balzac's "Illusions perdues" (1843) and Henry James's "The American" (1877) which construct the so-called 'Parisienne' as a synecdoche for nineteenth-century France.
This study compares and analyses hetero-stereotypes in Flaubert's travelogue "Voyage en Égypte" and Bachmann's prose fictions "Wüstenbuch" and "Das Buch Franza" in order to find out to what extent Flaubert resorts to stereotypical representations of the colonial Orient, and Bachmann perpetuates, transforms, or revises Flaubert's imagological discourse in the age of postcolonialism. Whereas Flaubert's sexist and racist narrative posits white superiority, Bachmann's protagonists subvert the male hegemonic stance of her French predecessor, insisting on white and male inferiority, causing just another stereotypization of race and gender.
This article compares two similar yet never compared cases of intra-European othering: Spain and the South Slavic region. Their common denominator is what I call the Periphery Problem: a hierarchical cultural difference between Europe's symbolic centre (Western Europe) and its exotic peripheries. Using paradigmatic examples intertextually linked to Prosper Mérimée, this article focuses both on the centre (exemplified by Mérimée), and the peripheries' recent responses to Mérimée through meta-images (your image of others' image of you). The structural commonalities in characterization and the entanglements of internal and external images show that national characterization in Europe is profoundly a transnational phenomenon.
This article reads Albert Cohen's "Le Livre de ma mère", which mourns the death of his mother, as a poetics of love and loss. It is a poetics of otherness that disavows the claim to expression and selfhood. The mother, being the paradigmatic figure of otherness, is a figure for literature, a form of language that is characterized by saying things differently. Literature itself is a motherly space insofar as it others the language of the self. This argument is developed along close readings of both the French original and the English translation of Cohen's work, following three thematic axes: first, the peculiar kinship of love and death; second, the mother as the other; third, literature as filio-logy: a logic of filiation that does not leave the self unchanged.
This chapter examines Edmond Jabès, who chose to write his oeuvre in French despite his Jewish-Arabic origins and his being conversant in both Hebrew and Arabic. French was never a true 'mother tongue' to him but rather 'a foreign one'. This poetical choice was also instrumental to his creation of a cosmos that is very clearly defined by 'la page blanche', or the 'blank page'. His writing develops this idea, both literally and metaphorically. A blank sheet is the only thing a writer has to work with at the start of every writing act, therefore it represents a kind of material opposition that all writers must overcome. It represents in this context an existential nothingness that precedes and simultaneously escapes both human and divine creation. In Jabès's writings, a blank page has two connotations at once: a condition for writing and nothingness. This ambivalent condition results in the paradoxical assumption that his 'mother tongue is a foreign language', because it cannot offer the same spiritual intimacy as another language, say, the Holy Language, and because the writer's 'mother tongue' - and, by extension, human language - is always impure and infiltrated by foreignness.
Proust list impulse
(2022)
Lists litter Marcel Proust's pages of "À la recherche du temps perdu" ("In Search of Lost Time"), but also the works about it. This short contribution collects together a number of those lists, and offers some reflection on the list's place and function within the work, on the level of the sentence and as a form in its own right.
The present essay engages with the short story 'The Burrow', written by Franz Kafka between 1923 and 1924, a few months before his death. The ambiguity of the original title, 'Der Bau', which defies translation by pointing at the same time at a construction and an excavation work, anticipates the multilayered image of the burrow itself. While both nature and function of the burrow are hard to pinpoint (is it a dwelling, a shelter, a fortress, a labyrinth, a ruin?), the initially reported success of its construction is revealed as illusory, thus prompting the ongoing first-person narration of the incessant builder's work. Similarly unsuccessful is any attempt of the reader to attain metaphorical closure. In the light of other impossible, i.e., unfinished, bound-to-fail, ruinous, or selfdismantling structures portrayed by Kafka, as well as on the background of coeval texts by Paul Valéry and Georg Simmel, the essay investigates the wide and deep significance of the burrow’s countering the classical ideal of architectural wholeness.
Mit der Darstellbarkeit des Denkprozesses an sich beschäftigt sich der französische Lyriker und Philosoph Paul Valéry. Denn durch die Materialisierung dieser Prozesse, d. h. durch den Versuch der exakten Dokumentation, werden sie analysierbar und ihr Potential allererst begreifbar. Technische Genauigkeit wird hierbei zum methodischen Ideal. Gemäß dem Beitrag von Lucas Knierzinger sucht Valéry explizit nach einer präzisen, systematisierenden Notationsform, die mit dem variierenden Schreibfluss seiner "Cahiers" in Spannung tritt und den in der Handschrift sedimentierten Denkprozess in Erscheinung treten lässt. Mit Eggerts laboratorischen Versuchsanlagen vergleichbar, bezeichnet Valéry die Interaktion von Lesen und Sehen bei der anschließenden kritischen Betrachtung dieser faksimilierten Manuskriptseiten auch als analytische 'machine à lire'.