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The Greenlandic oral story-telling tradition, Oqaluttuaq, meaning “history,” “legend,” and “narrative,” is recognized as an important entry point into Arctic collective memory. The graphic artist Nuka K. Godtfredsen and his literary and scientific collaborators have used the term as the title of graphic narratives published from 2009 to 2018, and focused on four moments or ‘snippets’ from Greenland’s history (from the periods of Saqqaq, late Dorset, Norse settlement, and European colonization). Adopting a fragmentary and episodic approach to historical narrativization, the texts frame the modern European presence in Greenland as one of multiple migrations to and settlements in the Artic, rather than its central axis. We argue that, in consequence, the Oqaluttuaq narratives not only “provincialize” the tradition of hyperborean colonial memories, but also provide a postcolonial mnemonic construction of Greenland as a place of multiple histories, plural peoples, and heterogenous temporalities. As such, the books also narrativize loss and disappearance—of people, cultures, and environments—as a distinctive melancholic strand in Greenlandic history. Informed by approaches in the field of cultural memory and in the study memorial objects, Marks’ haptic visuality and Keenan and Weizman’s forensic aesthetics, we analyze the graphic narratives of Oqaluttuaq in regard to their aesthetic dimensions, as well as investigate the role of material objects and artifacts, which work as narrative “props” for multiple stories of encounter and survival in the Arctic.
The Greenlandic oral story-telling tradition, Oqaluttuaq, meaning “history,” “legend,” and “narrative,” is recognized as an important entry point into Arctic collective memory. The graphic artist Nuka K. Godtfredsen and his literary and scientific collaborators have used the term as the title of graphic narratives published from 2009 to 2018, and focused on four moments or ‘snippets’ from Greenland’s history (from the periods of Saqqaq, late Dorset, Norse settlement, and European colonization). Adopting a fragmentary and episodic approach to historical narrativization, the texts frame the modern European presence in Greenland as one of multiple migrations to and settlements in the Artic, rather than its central axis. We argue that, in consequence, the Oqaluttuaq narratives not only “provincialize” the tradition of hyperborean colonial memories, but also provide a postcolonial mnemonic construction of Greenland as a place of multiple histories, plural peoples, and heterogenous temporalities. As such, the books also narrativize loss and disappearance—of people, cultures, and environments-as a distinctive melancholic strand in Greenlandic history. Informed by approaches in the field of cultural memory and in the study memorial objects, Marks’ haptic visuality and Keenan and Weizman’s forensic aesthetics, we analyze the graphic narratives of Oqaluttuaq in regard to their aesthetic dimensions, as well as investigate the role of material objects and artifacts, which work as narrative “props” for multiple stories of encounter and survival in the Arctic.
Die verfügbaren theoretischen und kulturhistorischen Untersuchungen über das Lesen zeigen kaum Neigung, sich mit dem Problem der Abgrenzung wissenschaftlichen Wissens von anderen Wissensbeständen zu beschäftigen; vielleicht, weil es so selbstverständlich scheint, dass die Fähigkeit zu lesen keine Domäne bildet, die exklusives Eigentum einer Wissenschaft sein könnte. Da jedoch viele geisteswissenschaftliche Disziplinen der Vorstellung verhaftet bleiben, dass sie über besondere Methoden des Lesens verfügen, die ansonsten unerreichbares Wissen hervorbringen, klafft hier eine epistemologische Lücke.
The aim of the present article is to provide a comparative analysis between two important works of German and Hungarian literature on the background of the theory of Carl Gustav Jung’s theory of archetypes. Both works (the novel Demian by Hermann Hesse and the drama Erstwhile Solace [Ősvigasztalás] by Áron Tamási) approach the theme of the search for identity as well as for the absolute and the divinity, with the focus on the archetypes of the collective unconscious. Motifs such as androgyny, shadow or dream, the issue of polarity and unity form common points of contact between the two analysed literary works.
Hak ve adalet, bunların aksamasından kaynaklı sıkıntılar ve hak arayışı evrenselliğini daima koruyacak gerçeklerdir. Tarih boyunca toplumlar ve onların kurdukları devletler düzeni sağlamak adına kanun ve yasalara başvurmuşlar, ancak kimi zaman bu mekanizma çatlaklara, aksamalara ve yok sayılmalara maruz kalmıştır. Bu çalışmada Türk ve Alman edebiyatından seçilen eserlerde adaletsizliğin sebep olduğu problemler isyan ve eşkıyalık kavramı bağlamında mercek altına alınacaktır. Eşkıyalık, olumlu ve olumsuz etki ve işlevleri olması bakımından farklı şekillerde değerlendirilmiştir. Bunlardan olumlu olan görüş, yani eşkıyalığın mevcut düzensizliğe düzen getirme girişimi olarak değerlendirilmesi, incelenen romanlarda ağır basmaktadır. Birbirinden farklı zamanlarda ve toplumlarda yaşamış yazarların eserlerinde kahramanların maruz kaldıkları adaletsizlik karşısında isyana başvurarak gidişatı değiştirme çabaları, hak arayışının her çağda ve toplumda gerekli olduğunu gösterir. Bu çalışmada Sabahattin Ali'nin "Kuyucaklı Yusuf" adlı eseri ile Heinrich von Kleist'ın "Michael Kohlhaas" adlı eserinde işlenen adaletsizliğin doğurduğu isyan eylemi, benzer ve farklı yönleri karşılaştırılarak metne odaklı yorumsayıcı bir yöntem ile değerlendirilecektir.
İkinci Dünya Savaşı süresince maddi ve nesnel olarak büyük kayıplar ve yıkımlar gerçekleşmiştir. Edebiyat alanında da bu savaşın, insan dünyası üzerinde yıkıcı etkisi konu edilmiştir. Makalenin amacı, dönemin etkilerinin Türk ve Alman edebiyatçıları tarafından benzer imgeler üzerinden nasıl yorumlandığını karşılaştırmalı edebiyat bilimi düzleminde incelemektir. Bu bağlamda Wolfgang Borchert, Attila İlhan ve Nazım Hikmet'in metinlerinde "duvar" imgesinin kullanımları üzerinden savaşın ve dönemin etkileri konusundaki yaklaşımları incelenmiştir. Wolfgang Borchert'in öyküsünde ve Attila İlhan'ın şiirinde "duvar"ın, "toplumsal vicdan"ı temsil eden bir imge olarak kullanıldığı ve kişileştirme yoluyla karakter olarak işlendiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Nazım Hikmet'in şiirinde ise; "ideolojik" bir temsil üstlendiği görülmüştür.
Unter den in Archiven und Bibliotheken erhaltenen Einband- und Makulaturfragmenten bilden die auf Hebräisch beschrifteten Reste jüdischer Handschriften eine besondere Gruppe. Die Erforschung dieser jüdischen Fragmente erfährt seit einigen Jahren in Deutschland und auch in benachbarten europäischen Ländern zunehmende Beachtung. Dennoch sind viele Funde noch unbekannt und konnten daher etwa auch im Rahmen größerer Editionsprojekte nicht berücksichtigt werden. Ihre systematische Erfassung stellt daher nach wie vor eine wichtige Aufgabe dar und wird auch in den kommenden Jahren immer wieder interessante Entdeckungen auch an entlegenen Orten zu Tage fördern. Das hier vorgestellte Blatt wurde unlängst in der Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt entdeckt und bietet einen wichtigen Textzeugen eines bekannten rabbinischen Bibelkommentars.
To what extent does cultural distance interfere with or limit literary experience? What kind of intimacy is needed to make a text into a work? This essay seeks to answer these questions by focusing on the writings of Arvind Krishna Mehrotra. In doing so, it suggests that the challenges of cultural distance may be most acute when dealing with texts from homo-linguistic literary environments, and that we might overcome these challenges by undertaking a world literary criticism that attends to localized fields and materials without forgetting the charge of particular works.