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The scarab beetles of the subfamily Orphninae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from Sri Lanka are reviewed. Four species of the genus Orphnus Macleay, 1819, are recorded from the island: O. bicolor (Fabricius, 1801), O. parvus (Wiedemann, 1823), O. mysoriensis Westwood, 1845, and O. medvedevi sp. nov. Lectotypes are designated for the three former names. Synonymy of O. detegens Walker, 1859, and O. scitissimus Walker, 1859, is discussed. Keys, illustrations of habitus and male genitalia, and distributional record maps are given for all species.
Homophileurus neptunus Dechambre was found to be conspecific with H. waldenfelsi Endrödi after examination of types, descriptions, and illustrations. Accordingly, H. neptunus is placed in junior synonymy with H. waldenfelsi, new synonymy. Homophileurus waldenfelsi is an uncommon species and occurs in Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, and Peru. Brazil and Peru are new country records.