Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (13)
- Part of a Book (4)
- Preprint (1)
- Report (1)
Language
- English (12)
- German (4)
- Portuguese (3)
Has Fulltext
- yes (19)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (19)
Keywords
- Language (19) (remove)
Institute
- Psychologie (4)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (3)
- MPI für empirische Ästhetik (3)
- Medizin (3)
- Institut für Sozialforschung (IFS) (2)
- Philosophie (2)
- Exzellenzcluster Die Herausbildung normativer Ordnungen (1)
- Neuere Philologien (1)
- Sprachwissenschaften (1)
- Starker Start ins Studium: Qualitätspakt Lehre (1)
This essay approaches the problem of untying the mother tongue using Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe's critique of onto-typology, along with the concept of the 'outre-mère' (the 'beyond-mother'), a limit-figure he and Jean-Luc Nancy devised in their critical assessments of psychoanalysis and its relationship to politics and the problem of mimesis. The essay argues that it will not be possible to deconstruct the figure of the mother tongue, or to untie ourselves from it, as long as we leave unquestioned both the theoretical dependence on figuration and our affective tie ('Gefühlsbindung') to theory.
This essay follows the productive discussion of Giorgio Agamben's "The Open: Man and Animal" that took place as part of the 'Openness in Medieval Culture' conference at the ICI Berlin. The essay attempts to develop a speculative notion of openness within Agamben's work, in particular by connecting the question of openness to the question of the promise: the promise of the resolution of the question of man and animal ("The Open"); the promise of the Franciscans' vow, or 'sacramentum' ("The Highest Poverty"); and the promise of language ("The Sacrament of Language").
Migrationsgesellschaften zeichnen sich durch kulturelle und sprachliche Diversität aus. Für das Bildungswesen bedeutet Mehrsprachigkeit einerseits eine potentielle Quelle für Kreativität, aber auch eine Herausforderung auf der anderen Seite. Da Migrationsströme zunehmen, ist es wichtig, dass Schulsysteme auf den Umgang mit Mehrsprachigkeit optimal vorbereitet sind. Speziell im Fall von Österreich bekommt man teilweise den Eindruck, als würde von Mehrsprachigkeit eine Gefahr für die deutsche Sprache ausgehen. Vor allem hitzige Diskussion rund um eine Deutschpflicht in den Schulpausen und das Programm der neuen Bundesregierung, laut dem SchülerInnen mit wenig Deutschkenntnissen vor dem regulären Schulunterricht
eigene Deutschklassen besuchen sollen, lassen darauf schließen, dass Österreich mit Mehrsprachigkeit und dem damit zusammenhängenden Potential nicht nachhaltig umgeht. Auch die Einführung der Deutschförderklassen im Schuljahr 2018/19 wird vom Österreichischen Verband für Deutsch als Fremdsprache/Zweitsprache als "tendenziell segregierend" eingestuft und ohne nachhaltige Effekte auf eine höhere Bildungsgerechtigkeit.
Kultur - Sprache - Gewalt
(2018)
Zum Verständnis der Gewalt dürfte der Versuch beitragen, einen prointuitiven, in der Natur der Sache begründeten Begriff zu konstruieren, dessen Wert in seinem erhöhten Erklärungspotenzial liegt. Im vorliegenden Text wird der Versuch vorgenommen, den Begriff "Gewalt" aus drei fundamentalen menschenkonstitutiven Faktoren abzuleiten, der es ermöglicht, die Gewalt aus der Sicht des Betroffenen systematisch zu beschreiben und erklären. In die Erörterungen werden Kultur und Sprache involviert und innerhalb von drei Subthemen - Interpretation und Gewalt, sprachliche Ordnung und Gewalt, soziale Interaktion und Gewalt - wird ihre Einbeziehung in die "Welt der Gewalt" aus besonderen Perspektiven ins Visier genommen.
So unterschiedlich die betrachteten Texte in ihren Formen und Themen auch sind, sie alle zeigen, dass der überkommenen Sprache ein Normensystem inhärent ist, das überwunden bzw. umgestürzt werden muss, um die politischen Veränderungen und die Anwendung von Gewalt zu legitimieren und zu ermöglichen. Weder Orwell, Klemperer noch Thukydides schlagen Remedia oder Prophylaxen gegen die Manipulation der Sprache vor. Sie finden sich jedoch implizit in den entsprechenden Texten und manifestieren sich explizit durch die Existenz der Werke selbst: Das Bollwerk gegen eine instrumentelle Veränderung der Sprache ist das Gedächtnis, sei es das individuelle, sei es das kollektiv-kulturelle. Wir können zwar sicher sein, dass zumindest Thukydides die Idee eines Gewissens der Wörter äußerst fremd ist. Doch mit einem Konzept, ohne das es das Gewissen nicht geben kann, ist er zweifelsohne vertraut: dem der Erinnerung. Die Erinnerung kann einen davor bewahren, Propheten welcher Art auch immer zu folgen, überlieferte Bedeutungen zu vergessen und dem Denken zu entsagen. Mnemosyne heißt die Erinnerung in der griechischen Mythologie. Sie hat neun Töchter. Eine davon ist Klio, die Muse der Geschichtsschreibung.
Neste artigo, proponho a aproximação do poema "Engführung" (1958), do poeta Paul Celan, com o ensaio "Cascas" (2011 [2017]), do historiador de arte francês Georges Didi-Huberman, tomando como ponto de partida a ideia de percurso que atravessa ambas as obras. Para tanto, baseio-me nas leituras que Joachim Seng faz do poema de Celan (1992; 1998), nas quais lê "Engführung" como um trajeto do eu-poético pelo campo de concentração (Auschwitz) que é, ao mesmo tempo, campo da memória e linguagem. Em "Cascas", Didi-Huberman relata o percurso da sua visita a Auschwitz, enfocando o papel do olhar na realização do trabalho da memória. Nesse sentido, ao posicionar lado a lado o poema e o ensaio, estes parecem apontar para modos de olhar e dizer Auschwitz que colocam para o leitor as tensões inerentes a este movimento, não se omitem desta tarefa ética e refletem criticamente a postura individual e coletiva diante da lacuna do testemunho e do que resta do campo de concentração.
What are called 'natural languages' are artificial, often politically instituted and regulated, phenomena; a more accurate picture of speech practices around the globe is of a multidimensional continuum. This essay asks what the implications of this understanding of language are for translation, and focuses on the variety of Afrikaans known as Kaaps, which has traditionally been treated as a dialect rather than a language in its own right. An analysis of a poem in Kaaps by Nathan Trantraal reveals the challenges such a use of language constitutes for translation. A revised understanding of translation is proposed, relying less on the notion of transfer of meaning from one language to another and more on an active engagement with the experience of the reader.
As contendas filosóficas acerca da definição e da aplicação da ‘verdade’ desenvolvem-se desde a antiguidade até os dias atuais. O questionamento sobre as condições ideais para se alcançar a verdade e se estas condições podem ser satisfeitas, se a realidade pode ser conhecida com ela é ou se apenas podemos conhecer sua forma apresentada, todas estas indagações, ocuparam também o pragmatista e o neo-pragmatista Jürgen Habermas e Richard Rorty, respectivamente. Enquanto Richard Rorty, motivado pela Virada Linguística, pretende seguir o caminho oposto ao da Metafísica, substituindo a noção de verdade enquanto “descoberta” por verdade enquanto “construção”, Habermas sugere que existem condições de validação para aquilo que chamamos ‘verdadeiro’, que já encontram-se previamente estabelecidas no contexto de argumentação e que devem ser satisfeitas. Com o objetivo de analisar as posições de ambos os filósofos citados, apresentaremos de forma sucinta a visão de cada um acerca do debate sobre a verdade e a crítica que Habermas tece a respeito da interpretação que Rorty fornece.
O artigo procura reconsiderar as críticas de Jürgen Habermas à teoria social de Theodor Adorno. Inicialmente, analisamos as razões apresentadas por Habermas para abandonar a crítica dialética do processo de racionalização social. Em seguida, para expor nossas objeções a essa interpretação, reconstruímos duas teses que, embora essenciais à crítica de Adorno ao processo de modernização vigente, foram deslocadas pelo paradigma da ação comunicativa. Por fim, através da relação entre linguagem e racionalidade que Adorno estabelece, sugerimos um tratamento diferente ao lugar da comunicação na constituição das sociedades contemporâneas.
Background: The health status, health awareness and health behavior of persons with a migration background often differ from the autochthonous population. Little is known about the proportion of patients with a migration background (PMB) that participate in primary care studies on oral antithrombotic treatment (OAT) in Germany, and whether the quality of their antithrombotic care differs from patients without a migration background. The aim of this paper was to use the results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial (PICANT) to determine the proportion of PMB at different stages of recruitment, and to compare the results in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and antithrombotic treatment.
Methods: This study used screening and baseline data from the PICANT trial on oral anticoagulation management in GP practices. For this analysis, we determined the proportion of PMB during the recruitment period at stage 1 (screening of potentially eligible patients), stage 2 (eligible patients invited to participate in the trial), and stage 3 (assessment of baseline characteristics of patients participating in the PICANT trial). In addition, we compared patients in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and quality of anticoagulant treatment. Statistical analysis comprised descriptive and bivariate analyses.
Results: The proportion of PMB at each recruitment stage declined from 9.1% at stage 1 to 7.9% at stage 2 and 7.3% at stage 3). A lack of German language skills led to the exclusion of half the otherwise eligible PMB. At stages 1 and 3, PMB were younger (stage 1: 70.7 vs. 75.0 years, p<0.001; stage 3: 70.2 vs. 73.5 years, p = 0.013), but did not differ in terms of gender. The quality of their anticoagulant care was comparable (100.0% vs. 99.1% were receiving appropriate OAT, 94.4% vs. 95.7% took phenprocoumon, or warfarin, and the most recent INR measurement of 60.8% vs. 69.3% was within their individual INR range).
Conclusions: In the potentially eligible population and among participants at baseline, the quality of anticoagulant care was high in all groups of patients, which is reassuring. To enable the inclusion of more PMB, future primary care research on OAT in Germany should address how best to overcome language barriers. This will be challenging, particularly because the heterogeneity of PMB means the resulting sample sizes for each specific language group are small.
Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN41847489.