Refine
Document Type
- Part of a Book (6)
- Part of Periodical (6)
- Article (5)
Language
- German (10)
- English (6)
- Multiple languages (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (17)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (17) (remove)
Keywords
- Anthropozän (17) (remove)
Acht Pistolenkugeln werden aus nächster Nähe abgefeuert, aber keine trifft ihr Ziel. Denn der Superheld Quicksilver kann sich im Film "X-Men: Days Of Future Past" (2014) mit einer Geschwindigkeit bewegen, die es ihm erlaubt, die Flugbahn der Kugeln mit kleinen kinetischen Impulsen zu manipulieren. Antizipiert wurde diese Figur der legendären Marvel-Autoren Stan Lee und Jack Kirby bereits im Jahr 1860, als der Naturforscher Karl Ernst von Baer ein Gedankenexperiment anstellte. Baer spekulierte darüber, wie sich die Welt für einen Menschen darstellt, der zwar ebenso viele Sinneseindrücke pro Pulsschlag hat wie ein normaler Mensch, dessen Puls aber 1.000 Mal schneller schlägt. Ein solcher Mensch würde einer vorbeifliegenden Kugel sehr leicht folgen können, schreibt Baer, hätte allerdings aufgrund seines anderen Metabolismus auch eine deutlich geringere Lebensdauer von nur einem Monat.
Roman Bartosch assesses the pedagogical potential of literature and the role of literary studies in an age of climate change, biodiversity loss, environmental destruction and degradation, and animal death and suffering. As he points out, these developments and students' responses to these various crises have received little or no attention in most educational contexts. Furthermore, many of today's curricular goals are essentially useless and meaningless for students facing an uncertain future. Bartosch asks us to reconsider what education could and should be in the Anthropocene, to acknowledge students' needs, and to reflect on why and how we teach literature and literary HAS in particular. As he also shows with his reading of Max Porter's novel "Grief Is the Thing with Feathers" (2015), engaging with literary and cultural animals can be a means to "[cultivate] an interest in acts of relating animality and textuality in ways that open up ambiguity and, thus, imaginative spaces for potential conviviality and flourishing." In contrast to the current emphasis on competencies, solutions, and teleological thinking, this kind of learning, Bartosch suggests, "is geared toward bearing witness, ruminating on its meanings, and thus repositioning oneself within a larger web of ecological and semiotic diversities under threat." Teaching literary HAS and emphasizing "[c]apabilities, resilience, and multispecies flourishing," then, could be important means of preparing students for the uncertain and perilous times ahead.
In diesem Text werden zwei Film- bzw. Mediennetzwerke aus Kanada betrachtet, in denen prekäre Lebensbedingungen nicht nur thematisiert werden, sondern durch die Partizipation und Kollaboration von Filmschaffenden und Bürger*innen Handlungsmacht generiert werden soll. "Challenge for Change" setzte sich ab den 1960er Jahren u. a. gegen Armut ein, "Wapikoni Mobile" ist ein zeitgenössisches indigenes Vlog- und Filmnetzwerk. Beide Projekte werden als handlungsbasierte Dokumentarphilosophien verstanden. Sie werden mit Gilbert Simondon als mögliche Milieus für kollektive Individuationen konzeptualisiert. "Challenge for Change" und "Wapikoni Mobile" werden als technisch-sozial-ästhetische Milieus verstanden, in denen aktivistische und kulturelle Interventionen und Individuationen keinen Gegensatz bilden. "Wapikoni Mobile" wird zudem hinsichtlich seines Potentials für eine Filmkultur des Anthropozäns diskutiert, in der es um die Beziehung von Welt und Mensch geht, die in dokumentarischen Filmen verhandelt wird und die nicht nur abbildet, sondern ebenfalls - mit Gilles Deleuze - ein Band zur Welt knüpft.
Am 9. Jänner 2020 fand im Rahmen des Programmbereichs "Figurationen des Übergangs" im interuniversitären Schwerpunkt "Wissenschaft & Kunst" eine Podiumsdiskussion mit dem Titel "Insektensterben" statt. Eine Expertin und vier Experten beleuchteten unter der Moderation und Konzeption von Romana Sammern (Salzburg) das Problemfeld der schwindenden Menge und Vielfalt der Insekten aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln.
Ecocriticism started out in the early 1990s in the framework of American literary studies - in the Anglo sense that equates "America" with the "United States." In fact, the new field's first professional organization, the Association for the Study of Literature and the Environment, was founded as an offshoot of academic interest focused on a particular region of the United States, in the backroom of a casino in Reno, Nevada, during the 1992 annual convention of the Western Literature Association. During its first decade, the bulk of ecocritical attention focused on American literature as shaped by Thoreau and British literature as shaped by Wordsworth - a limited but powerful concentration on nature writing in the genres of poetry, nonfiction prose, and the noveI, with particular attention to Native American literature. By the turn of the millennium, in a story that has by now been told repeatedly, interest in the literature-environment nexus had grown and diversified enough that ecocriticism almost literally exploded into a much broader research area encompassing multiple historical periods (from the Middle Ages to postmodernism), genres (from poetry to the graphic novel and narrative film), and regions: the Caribbean, Latin America, East Asia, and Western Europe all emerged as new areas of ecocritical exploration. New encounters between postcolonial theory and ecocritical analysis proved particularly productive for both fields: linking historical exploration and political ecology with literary analysis, the emergent "poco-eco" matrix opened new perspectives on the connections and disjunctures between imperialism, ecological crisis, and conservation. Over the last few years, the concept of "Environmental Humanities" has increasingly co me to accompany and to superimpose itself as an umbrella term on ecocriticism and comparable research areas in neighboring disciplines: environmental history, environmental anthropology, environmental philosophy, cultural geography, and political ecology. Driven by the impulse to connect environmental research across the humanities, to justify humanistic research at institutions often prone to cut first in the humanities, and to bring the knowledge generated through humanistic research into the public sphere, environmentally oriented scholars have used the term "Environmental Humanities" as a shorthand for what they hope will be a new vision of their discipline. As of this writing, the concept remains somewhat more aspirational than real. While ecocritics and environmental philosophers have long collaborated in Australia, and environmental historians and ecocritics sometimes collaborate in the United States, the disciplines that make up the Environmental Humanities have to date largely pursued their own disciplinary trajectories. But there are signs that the tide may have begun to turn. Various universities and research organizations have started programs in the field. The Swedish environmental historian Sverker Sörlin published a brief outline of the new interdisciplinary matrix in the journal 'BioScience' in 2012, and a longer manifesto followed from the editorial collective of the newly established journal 'Environmental Humanities' at Macquarie University in Australia (Rose et al. 2012). Another journal focusing on the environmental humanities began publication in early 2014 from the University of Oregon under the title 'Resilience'.
Klima
(2016)
Einer der ältesten Gegenstände der Zukunftsprognose ist das Wetter. Als "Bühne der Götter", von der aus sich gleichermaßen Strafgerichte, Prüfungen und Geschenke über die Menschen ergießen, ist Wetter das Paradigma einer ungewissen Zukunft, an die sich gerade darum bestimmte Wissensformen und Praktiken der Prädiktion knüpfen: Wetterorakel, Lostage, Almanache mit Wetter-Regeln oder auch Prophezeiungen wie die von den sieben fetten und sieben mageren Erntejahren, die Joseph dem Pharao weissagt (1. Mose 41). Während die Antike diesen Techniken mantischer Wettervorhersage eine große Zuverlässigkeit zuspricht, ist mit der Verwissenschaftlichung modernen meteorologischen Wissens die empirisch belastbare Vorhersage kurz- und mittelfristiger Wetterereignisse außerordentlich schwer geworden. Anders das Klima: "Climate is what we expect, weather is what we get". Klima ist Durchschnitt, Dauer und Regelmäßigkeit, Wahrscheinlichkeit und Wiederkehr: der Zyklus der Jahreszeiten, die Erwartbarkeit von Niederschlägen, Temperaturen und Winden, die Häufigkeit bestimmter Wetterverhältnisse in einer gegebenen Region. Es bewegt sich in einem Raum der Extrapolationen, Wahrscheinlichkeiten und Durchschnittsbildungen zwischen Einzelereignissen, deren kontingentes Auftreten in statistische Häufigkeit umgerechnet wird. So wird aus Regentagen eine bestimmte Niederschlagsmenge, aus Wärme- und Kälteperioden werden Temperaturkurven, aus desaströsen Stürmen jahreszeitlich wechselnde Windperioden.
The present volume documents the twofold character of the conference 'Science meets Comics' with the first part focusing on comics as a format for communicating complex topics and the second part addressing food in the age of the Anthropocene as one such example for complex topics. The overall objective of the symposium was to deal with the results and suggestions of the presentations and discussions, to find possible pathways on how to feed the world in the future and to co-produce the final chapter of the scientific comic 'Eating Anthropocene' together with all artists participating in the project. In order to sum up the framing, contents and design process of the comic as well as to highlight its Anthropocene context we below provide a slightly abridged version of the preface of our comic book.
Human-induced environmental change represents one of the major challenges of current and future generations. To evaluate the anthropogenic impacts on the biosphere, the concept of Planetary Boundaries was developed, indicating that in case of four out of nine environmental indicators a transgression of corresponding boundaries has already taken place: Biodiversity loss, climate change, land-system change, and biogeochemical flows. Further, paleoclimate research has shown that the earth´s environment has been relatively stable for the last 12,000 years. Researchers assume that this, in geological terms, very short period – called Holocene – is now already again replaced by a new geological era: the Anthropocene, due to the tremendous impacts humans had on earth.
Editorial
(2020)
Diese Ausgabe des "Forums Interdisziplinäre Begriffsgeschichte" vereint zwei Themenschwerpunkte, die, unabhängig voneinander entstanden, auch inhaltlich zunächst nichts miteinander zu tun zu haben scheinen. In drei englischsprachigen Beiträgen des ersten Teils geht es um die sich semantisch und in ihrer historischen Genese überlappenden Begriffe 'Energie', 'Entropie' und 'Anthropozän'. Der zweite Themenschwerpunkt behandelt begriffshistorische Verschiebungen im Theoriegebäude der Sprachwissenschaft. Die Ausgabe wird beschlossen durch den Politikwissenschaftler Kari Palonen (Universität Jyväskylä, Finnland), der einen Band zur Geschichte der politischen Ideengeschichte rezensiert.
The Future of the Noosphere
(2014)
In this article, a Koselleckian approach to the issue of time will be employed. In Koselleck's view, modernity has been characterized by a multiplicity of synchronous times, or as Helge Jordheim puts it, by "multiple temporalities". By temporality, Koselleck means something different than epochs or periodizations. More precisely, Jordheim asserts, Koselleck uses this term to reach for experiences of time, such as "progress, decadence, acceleration, or delay, the 'not yet' and the 'no longer', the 'earlier' or 'later than', the 'too early' and the 'too late', situation and the duration". Especially pertinent for this article is Koselleck's category of a horizon of expectations (Erwartungshorizont), understood as perceived prospects for the future. In both the noosphere and the Anthropocene discussion, the notion of an Age of Man seems to merge different timescales into one another, or, as stated by one of the most prominent scientists in the early debate, "The division of historical and geological time is levelled out for us". This article examines the temporality implied in the noosphere concept in order to formulate a specific question regarding the Anthropocene. The article is thus intended to contribute to the on-going examination of the Anthropocene concept by way of historicising its temporality.