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Das Gedicht "Die Liebenden" wurde wahrscheinlich im Sommer 1908 in Paris verfasst und war als Widmungsgedicht für Walter Heymel für den zweiten Teil der "Neuen Gedichte" vorgesehen. Seinem Freund und Gründer der Zeitschrift "Die Insel" hatte Rilke schon 1907 ein anderes Gedicht gewidmet, "Tage, wenn sie scheinbar uns entgleiten", das im ersten Teil der "Neuen Gedichte" seinen Platz hätte finden sollen. Beide Texte zählen heute, wenn auch in den "Sämtlichen Werken" unter zwei verschiedenen Kategorien eingeordnet, zu den "verstreuten und nachgelassenen" Gedichten, die Rilke zwischen 1906 und 1911 verfasst hat. "Die Liebenden" wurde als Pendant zu dem berühmten "Liebeslied" in den "Neuen Gedichten entworfen", vom Autor aber vielleicht als zu subjektiv und darum als nicht geeignet für die Sammlung betrachtet. Das im Titel des Zyklus markierte "Neue" sollte dennoch das Subjektive nicht völlig verbannen, sondern ein Zusammenspiel zwischen sinnlicher Wahrnehmung und subjektiver Reflexion entstehen lassen.
"Du bist mir Apollo", "Du bist mir Helena" : "Figuren" der Liebe im frühneuhochdeutschen Prosaroman
(1991)
Die folgende Untersuchung gilt zwei in Handlungssituierung, Erzählgestus und Entwicklung der Romantechnik durchaus unterschiedlichen, obschon in nicht allzu großer zeitlicher Distanz entstandenen Modellen, die jedoch miteinander verbindet (...), daß sie unter je verschiedenen sozialen Bedingungen beide das Nichtfunktionieren von Liebesbeziehungen aufzeigen (...). Gemeint sind Jörg Wickrams „schöne Histori / von sorglichem anfang vnd außgang der brinnenden Libe / vier Personen betreffend“ (...) [sowie die] Erzählung von der „brünstige(n) Liebe [...] Camilli und Emilie“, deren deutscher Nachdruck rund dreißig Jahre später anzusetzen ist (...).
This study explores the changing culture of emotions and forms of love in German literature of the late 18th century. The paper attempts to demonstrate that love as a passion is not primarily a natural phenomenon, but a cultural one. The main part of the study presents three interpretations. Firstly, using Sophie von La Roche's novel "Geschichte des Fräuleins von Sternheim", the author shows that in the age of sentimentalism the notion of love was based on loving oneself (amour propre). The second interpretation focuses on Goethe's "Die Leiden des jungen Werther" and concludes that the main function of love in this text is to make uncorrupted authentic communication possible in a world otherwise alienated by conventions. The final interpretation turns to Goethe's "Briefe aus der Schweiz" and "Römische Elegien", outlining love as a special form of hermeneutics of life and a fundamental condition for the process of creation.
The article analyses A. Boissier's image "Les Amants électrisés par l'amour" in view of the larger question of how something is able to arouse interest on first sight, but also in repeat encounters. Highlighting the engraving's didactic iconography, the article shows how it revolves around the solution to a riddle and uses a typical design of the Enlightenment to show the uncovering of a deception. As such, the engraving is part of a long tradition of showing (supposedly) supernatural events, more specifically the tradition of Magia naturalis. At the same time, the image contains dissonances and can be seen to simulate suspense through dichotomies that can be identified as antagonistic historical concepts. The article furthermore discusses the amalgamation of love and electricity in contemporary discourses and addresses the temporal dimension of the engraving, which constructs itself out of an absence, out of something yet unseen.
Openness and intensity : Petrarch's becoming laurel in "Rerum vulgarium fragmenta" 23 and 228
(2022)
Our paper offers a comparative reading of Rvf 23 and 228, which describe the poetic subject's transformation into (23), or implantation with (228), the laurel tree that normally represents the poet's beloved, Laura. Bringing Petrarch's poems into dialogue with philosophical works that consider the nature of plant existence as a form of interconnectedness and porosity to the outside, we argue that the becoming tree these poems stage is a form of desire to be understood not as lack but as intensity.
Rezension zu Walter Hinderer (Hg.): Codierungen von Liebe in der Kunstperiode, Würzburg (Königshausen & Neumann) 1997. 342 Seiten.
Mit einschlägigen Aufsätzen zu Goethe, Friedrich Schlegel, Novalis, Tieck, Kleist, Brentano, Arnim, Fouqué, Eichendorff und E.T.A. Hoffmann bietet der Band ein breites Spektrum an Autoren, dem eine ebensolche Diversität der Fragestellungen entspricht.
Borges : philology as poetry
(2018)
The titles of many of Borges's poems refer to canonical texts of world literature. One poem, for example, deals with the ending of the Odyssey and is simply called "A scholion"; others are called "Inferno V, 129" and "Paradise XXXI, 108", referring both to Dante's "Divine Comedy". These titles indicate that in his poems, Borges often keeps his distance from traditional poetical matters such as love, or, more generally, immediate emotions. Instead, he writes poems that gloss other texts, some of which actually relate love stories. Thus, Borges's poems stage themselves as philological commentaries rather than as poetry in its own right. In a similar vein and on a more general level, Borges likes to present himself in poems, interviews, and essays as a fervent reader of world literature, playing down his role as an original author. [...] In the following two sections of his paper, Joachim Harst tackles this question by commenting on two of Borges's philological poems, namely, the two texts on Dante's "Comedy". A ready objection to the idea of "philological poetry" is that despite Borges's selfstaging as reader, his texts obviously aren't philological in any academic sense. [...] The fundamental role of love for Dante's cosmological vision leads Harst to another understanding of the term "philology," namely, its more or less literal translation as "love of the lógos," the "lógos" being the cosmic principle and the divine word. Dante's Comedy can be considered a "philological" text in the sense that it is fueled by the "love of the lógos," and it discusses this love by citing, glossing and correcting other texts on love. Returning to Borges, Harst suggests that his two "philological" poems on Dante refer to this understanding of "philology." But by modifying the epic's theological underpinnings, they work to integrate Dante into a larger system which Borges calls "universal literature." Harst claims that this notion of literature, just like Dante's cosmos, is also centered on a lógos—albeit differently structured—and in this sense "philological."
Einleitung [Leseprobe]
(2021)
Können literarische Texte Verbindlichkeit stiften? Diese Frage untersucht Joachim Harst anhand von Ehe- und Ehebruchsgeschichten, indem er leidenschaftliche Liebe auf ihre Bedeutung für soziale Bindung hin untersucht. Liebe ist unabdingbares Element gesellschaftlicher Verbindlichkeit, kann diese durch die ihre Exzessivität aber auch bedrohen. Während literarische Ehebruchsgeschichten häufig die Sprengkraft dieser Dialektik bewusst in den Vordergrund stellen, streben Religion und Recht an, sie einzuschränken und zu regulieren. Doch produziert nicht bereits das Reden über Liebe Affekte, sodass jeder Versuch der Einschränkung im Grunde unfreiwillig seiner Subversion zuarbeitet? Auch von Seiten der Literatur wird diese Gegenseitigkeit immer wieder betont: Romane wie Gottfrieds "Tristan" oder Goethes "Werther" wiederholen unermüdlich, dass Liebe durch Lesen entsteht - und fordern umgekehrt ein liebendes Lesen ein. Sie wollen "Philo-Logie" hervorrufen - literarisch geweckte "Liebe zum Logos". Der Frage, in welchem Verhältnis diese Liebe wiederum zur Literaturwissenschaft stehen kann, wird hier auf den Grund gegangen.
The final letters of Ovid's collection "Heroides" tell the remarkable story of a written oath. Acontius has fallen in love with the beautiful Cydippe. Since she is already promised to another man, Acontius uses a deceitful stratagem: he sends her an apple on which he has inscribed "cunning words", namely, an oath of engagement. As Cydippe reads the inscription aloud mechanically, she finds herself involuntarily bound to marry Acontius, and finally gives in to his insistent wooing. If read against the backdrop of a media theory of law, Ovid's story raises a couple of important questions concerning the relationship between orality and literacy at the beginning of Western legal history. While the oath undoubtedly is a fundamental element of early law, it is usually understood as part of an "archaic" oral law that is "rationalized" only afterwards by being transferred to writing. Ovid, however, presents the idea of an originally written oath and thus invites the reader to reconsider the relation between speech and writing: To what extent may writing exert a binding force that is distinct from the representation of speech?