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It has been more than thirty years since Christoph Ransmayr published The Last World to great success despite its intellectually challenging theme, the fictitious search for Publius Ovidius Naso, known as Ovid, who had been sent into exile by emperor Augustus. Ever since then, his writing has attracted the attention of the public, literary critics and scholars alike. Volume 220 of the renowned edition text+kritik has been dedicated entirely to his work. Its editor, Doren Wohlleben, gathered half a dozen contributions meant to map the different intercultural narrative spaces, which are mainly identifiable in the author’s novels and prose writings.
The aim of this paper is to show how Grimmelshausen uses forms of addressing and which factors are important for the choice of address in the novel Simplicissimus. The research of indirect speaking in novel texts of the baroque is a desiderate in science. The result is: Often pragmatic motives of situation figure rather the choice of address then conventions of social classes. The balance between power semantic and solidary semantic as well as human affects and emotions regulate how literary characters are addressing other characters. The reason for that is that most authors refer to novel texts with members of the society’s elite. Contrary it can be argued that Grimmelshausen uses many different levels of society. Therefore, we can suppose, that our investigation makes the understanding of how politeness is working round. It is based on knowledge of a dynamic language.
Au nombre de ces littératures d'Afrique subsaharienne, il y a la littérature gabonaise. Cependant, par rapport aux autres littératures d'Afrique subsaharienne francophone qui sont plus connues, la littérature gabonaise souffre encore d'un manque de visibilité et d'auteurs de renommée internationale. Et pourtant, il y a dans ce pays une vie et surtout une pratique de la littérature où les genres littéraires ont réussi à s'imposer. Nous donnerons d'abord un aperçu des premières écritures au Gabon; puis, à partir de cinq genres majeurs de la littérature gabonaise bien identifiés, à savoir le théâtre, l'essai, la nouvelle, le roman et la poésie, nous étudierons leur parcours général et leur évolution, depuis les premières publications jusqu'à celles de nos jours.