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Taxonomic revision of North American Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae)
(2014)
The North American species of the genus Eusphalerum Kraatz (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) are revised. The taxonomic history, natural history, geographical distribution of the genus, characters, species groups, diversity, and biogeography of North American species are presented. Two main phylogenetic lineages and 13 species groups are provisionally recognized. The following new synonymies are proposed: Eusphalerum farrarae (Hatch, 1944) = E. lawrencei Hatch, 1957; Eusphalerum californicum (Fauvel, 1878) = E. atriventre (Casey, 1894), = E. nigerrimum (Casey, 1894), = E. gilvipenne (Casey, 1894), = E. dichroum (Fall, 1922), = E. bonnelli (Hatch, 1944), = E. lunae Hatch, 1957; Eusphalerum fraternum (Casey, 1894) = E. minskae (Hatch, 1944); Eusphalerum rugulosum (Mäklin, 1853) = E. grayae (Hatch, 1944); Eusphalerum orientale (Bernhauer, 1912) = E. frosti (Bernhauer, 1928). The following lectotypes are designated: E. subangulatum (Casey), E. californicum (Fauvel), E. gilvipenne (Casey), E. diversicolle (Casey), E. convexum (Fauvel), E. fraternum (Casey), E. horni (Fauvel), E. orientale (Bernhauer), E. pothos (Mannerheim), and E. punctatum (Casey). The following new species are described: Eusphalerum pilosum (California); E. klimaszewskii (British Columbia); E. chatzimanolisi (California); E. carolinensis (Kentucky, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia); E. caterinoi (California); E. luteipes (California); E. thayeranum (Alberta, British Columbia, Idaho, Indiana (doubtful record), Oregon, Washington); E. margaretae (Tennessee); E. newtoni (British Columbia, Oregon, California); E. parvispiculum (California, Oregon); E. uncinatum (British Columbia, California, Oregon, Washington). Eusphalerum lapponicum (Mannerheim, 1830) is excluded from the North American fauna. The following new combination is proposed: Xylodromus segmentarius (Mäklin, 1852: 322) (ex Omalium), wrongly attributed to Eusphalerum in the literature. Omalium marginatum Say, 1832 is considered a doubtful species, probably not Eusphalerum. A key to the 27 recognized North American Eusphalerum species and a catalog of the species are provided.
One new genus, Zagrotes gen. nov., and 19 new species of ground spiders (Gnaphosidae) are described from Iran: Berinda bifurcata sp. nov. (♂, Bushehr, Khuzestan; southwestern and southern Iran), Berinda hoerwegi sp. nov. (♂♀, Fars, Ilam, Kermanshah, Kurdistan; western and southcentral Iran), Berlandina artaxerxes sp. nov. (♂ Yazd; central Iran), Cryptodrassus iranicus sp. nov. (♂, Kermanshah; western Iran), Drassodes persianus sp. nov. (♀, Kermanshah, Sistan & Baluchistan; western and southeastern Iran), Echemus caspicus sp. nov. (♀, Golestan; northern Iran), Gnaphosa qamsarica sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Haplodrassus medes sp. nov. (♂, Fars; southcentral Iran), Haplodrassus qashqai sp. nov. (♂♀, Hormozgan, Khuzestan, Lorestan; southwestern to southern Iran), Marinarozelotes achaemenes sp. nov. (♀, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern Iran), Marjanus isfahanicus sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Nomisia ameretatae sp. nov. (♂, Tehran; northern Iran), Prodidomus inexpectatus sp. nov. (♂, Hormozgan; southern Iran), Scotophaeus anahita sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Scotophaeus elburzensis sp. nov. (♀, Tehran, Zanjan; northwestern and northern Iran), Sosticus montanus sp. nov. (♀, Ilam; western Iran), Synaphosus martinezi sp. nov. (♂♀, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern Iran), Zagrotes apophysalis sp. nov. (♂♀, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern to southern Iran) and Zelotes hyrcanus sp. nov. (♀, Mazandaran; northern Iran). These are the first records of the genera Berinda Roewer, 1928, Echemus Simon, 1878 and Marjanus Chatzaki, 2018 in Iran. Additionally, the previously unknown female of Callipelis deserticola Zamani & Marusik, 2017 is described and illustrated, and Berlandina mesopotamica Al-Khazali, 2020 is recorded in Iran for the first time. Furthermore, Berinda idae Lissner, 2016 syn. nov. (Greece, Cyprus) is synonymized with Berinda infumatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) comb. nov. (ex. Heser Tuneva, 2004; Greece, Tanzania, Egypt, Israel, introduced to Japan).
The taxonomic and faunistic status of the spider family Oecobiidae in Iran, Afghanistan and Turkmenistan is revised. A new species, namely Uroctea gambronica sp. nov. (♂) is described from southern Iran, and the male of U. grossa Roewer, 1960 is described and illustrated for the first time. Additionally, new faunistic data are provided, including the first records of Oecobius putus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 and U. grossa in Afghanistan and Turkmenistan, respectively, and the re-evaluation of previously misidentified and questionable records of this family in the region. The known distribution ranges of all species are mapped for these three countries.
Twenty-one species of the genus Lecithocera Herrich-Schäffer, 1853 from China are described as new: L. angustifolia sp. nov., L. asticta sp. nov., L. balteiformis sp. nov., L. bicornuta sp. nov., L. bigeminata sp. nov., L. duplicispinea sp. nov., L. flavalba sp. nov., L. flavistriata sp. nov., L. furvibasis sp. nov., L. laticuculla sp. nov., L. ligulacea sp. nov., L. margirecta sp. nov., L. medogensis sp. nov., L. nullisigna sp. nov., L. parviflava sp. nov., L. parvispinea sp. nov., L. serratiloba sp. nov., L. sichuanensis sp. nov., L. tenuextrema sp. nov., L. tumicuculla sp. nov. and L. yunnanensis sp. nov. Seven species are newly recorded for China: L. alpestra Park, 2005, L. alpina Park, 2016, L. chersitis Meyrick, 1918, L. haviensis Park, 2016, L. neosticta Meyrick, 1918, L. orbiculata Park, 2010 and L. rubigona Park, 2006. The females of four species are described for the first time: L. alpina, L. haviensis, L. neosticta and L. orbiculata. Six new combinations are proposed: Lecithocera platomona (Wu, 1997) comb. nov. and L. stimulata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Quassitagma; L. frisilina (Gozmány, 1978) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Recontracta; L. baliocata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov., L. sarmenta (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. and L. stictata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Galoxestis. Images of adults and genitalia for all treated species are given, along with a checklist of all Chinese species of Lecithocera.
Pyroghatsiana, a new genus of pyrochroine Pyrochroidae is described from the Southern Ghats of the Indian continental southern tip. The only known specimen is a female, Pyroghatsiana madurensis (Pic), new combination, originally placed in Dendroides Latreille, and subsequently transferred to Pseudodendroides Blair. Several striking differences including the dorsal interocular width between the compound eyes, shape and length of the third antennal segment, and shape of the pronotum preclude placement of Pyroghatsiana in either Dendroides, Pseudodendroides, or any other existing pyrochroine genus.
The species of Stenothemus Bourgeois, 1907 from Southwest China are reviewed. Three species are transferred to this genus, S. davidi (Pic, 1926) comb. nov. (from Malthacus Kirby, 1837), S. minutissimus (Pic, 1933) comb. nov. (from Micropodabrus Pic, 1920) and S. singularicollis (Pic, 1933) comb. nov. (from Lycocerus Gorham, 1895). Two new synonyms are suggested, S. dinshuiensis Švihla, 2011 syn. nov. is synonymized with S. davidi and S. melleus Švihla, 2005 syn. nov. with S. singularicollis. Stenothemus shaanxiensis Švihla, 2004 stat. nov. is raised to species level from a subspecies of S. benesi Švihla, 2004. Five new species are described, S. gracilis Y. Yang & X. Yang sp. nov., S. chongqingensis Y. Yang & H. Liu sp. nov., S. flavicollis Y. Yang & S. Ge sp. nov., S. jindraimimus Y. Yang & X. Yang sp. nov. and S. laticornis Y. Yang & H. Liu sp. nov., which are illustrated with photographs of habitus, aedeagi, abdominal sternites VIII and internal genitalia of the female. Characters of the female reproductive system are described for the first time for the following species: S. diffusus Wittmer, 1974, S. dundai Švihla, 2004, S. grahami Wittmer, 1974, S. jindrai Švihla, 2004, S. tryznai Švihla, 2004 and S. singularicollis. Some additional distribution information is added for previously known species. A key for the identification of all studied species is provided.
Serratacosa, a new genus of Lycosidae (Araneae) from the southern slopes of the Eastern Himalayas
(2021)
A new wolf spider genus, Serratacosa gen. nov., is erected based on the type and new species, S. medogensis gen. et sp. nov. and two newly combined species, S. himalayensis (Gravely, 1924) (from Hogna Simon, 1885) and S. multidontata (Qu, Peng & Yin, 2010) (from Pardosa C.L. Koch, 1847). All of them are from the southern slopes of the Eastern Himalayas. Descriptions of the new genera and species, and a redescription of S. multidontata are provided together with digital images, illustrations and a distribution map.
A taxonomic study on twenty-nine species of jumping spiders from South China is presented. Twenty new species are diagnosed and described: Heliophanoides proszynskii Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Myrmage lii Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Myrmarachne hamata Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂), M. xingrenensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), M. yinae Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Phintella fodingensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. jiugongensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. liae Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂), P. liui Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. subpanda Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. wandae Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Ptocasius dian Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. subhubeiensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene elongata Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Stertinius donglinsiensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), S. logunovi Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂), Synagelides fanjingensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Thyene xingrenensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Toxeus fodingensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), and Yaginumaella zabkai Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀). The genus Heliophanoides Prószyński, 1992 is redefined and two new combinations, transferred from the genus Phintella Strand, 1906, are proposed: H. tengchongensis (Lei & Peng 2013) comb. nov., and H. longlingensis (Lei & Peng 2013) comb. nov. The unknown sexes of the following six species are described for the first time: Phintella fanjingshan Li, Wang, Zhang & Chen, 2019, P. panda Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015, P. pygmaea (Wesołowska, 1981), P. sancha Cao & Li, 2016, P. wulingensis Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015, and Rhene yunnanensis (Peng & Xie, 1995). Brettus anchorum Wanless, 1979 and Phintella aequipeiformis Żabka, 1985 are newly recorded from China. Icius indicus (Simon, 1901) comb. nov. (transferred from Phintella) is re-described. Phintella levii Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015 is assigned to be a synonym of P. arcuata Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015. Thyene zhangi (Peng, Yin, Yan & Kim, 1998) comb. nov. is transferred from Plexippoides Prószyński, 1984, and T. bilaguncula (Xie & Peng, 1995) comb. nov. is transferred from Ptocasius Simon, 1885. Diagnostic illustrations of the twenty-nine species and the distributional maps of the studied specimens are provided.
The blind and mostly endogean julid genus Stygiiulus Verhoeff, 1929 stat. nov. is reviewed to include ten species: S. ausugi (Manfredi, 1953) comb. nov., S. fimbriatus (Strasser, 1971) comb. et stat. nov., S. gentianae (Strasser, 1971) comb. et stat. nov., S. illyricus (Verhoeff, 1929) comb. nov., S. insularis (Strasser, 1938) comb. nov., S. maximus (Verhoeff, 1929) comb. nov., S. montellensis (Verhoeff, 1930) comb. nov., S. rotundatus (Strasser, 1962) comb. et stat. nov., S. seewaldi (Strasser, 1967) comb. nov., and S. tobias (Berlese, 1886) comb. nov. The distinctiveness of the genus from Typhloiulus is proven by both morphological and molecular data. The monotypic genus Alpityphlus Strasser, 1967 is here treated as a junior subjective synonym of Stygiiulus syn. nov. Stygiiulus fimbriatus comb. et stat. nov. and S. gentianae comb. et stat. nov., originally described as subspecies of S. ausugi comb. nov., are here erected to full species, while the subspecies S. illyricus stygis (Verhoeff, 1933) comb. et syn. nov. is considered to be a junior subjective synonym of the typical S. illyricus comb. nov. Lectotypes are formally designated for S. gentianae comb. et stat. nov. and S. rotundatus comb. et stat. nov., to stabilize the nomenclature of the two species under Article 74.1 of the ICZN. The phylogeny of the genus, its distribution patterns, and the modified mouthparts in some of its species are discussed.
Soft-winged flower beetles from the United Arab Emirates are studied for the first time. Three new genera, Tonyattalus gen. nov. of the tribe Attalini, Tonycolotes gen. nov. of the tribe Colotini, and Arabotroglops gen. nov. of the tribe Troglopini, and two species, Tonyattalus vanharteni gen. et sp. nov. and Arabotroglops longantennatus gen. et sp. nov., are described. Tonycolotes kovari (Švihla, 1987) gen. et. comb. nov. is recorded from the United Arab Emirates for the first time and transferred from the genus Colotes Erichson, 1840. All species discussed in the paper are described and illustrated. The fauna of soft-winged flower beetles of the Arabian Peninsula is reviewed.