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Pion-production cross sections have been measured for the reaction 40Ar+40Ca--> pi ++X at a laboratory energy of 1.05 GeV/nucleon. A maximum in the pi + cross section occurs at mid-rapidity, which is anomalous relative to p+p and p+nucleus reactions and compared to many other heavy-ion reactions. Calculations based on cascade and thermal models fail to fit the data.
Buchbesprechungen
(1979)
Rubus ferocior WEBER 1977 (= R. ferox WEIHE non VEST) und Rubus placidus WEBER nov. spec. (= R. milliformis var. roseus FRID. & GELERT) werden als weitverbreitete zentraleuropäische Arten der Rubi sect. Corylifolii erstmals genauer beschrieben und in typischen Exemplaren (specimina normalia) abgebildet. Die zum Teil verwickelte Nomenklatur wird ausführlich diskutiert. Die Verbreitung ist durch eine Auflistung von Fundorten und in Rasterkarten angegeben. Durch einen Bestimmungsschlüssel, der auch die nächstverwandten Taxa enthält, soll einer Verwechslung mit ähnlichen Arten vorgebeugt werden.
Some physical and chemical properties of the cancerostat cyclophosphamide (generic name: ENDOXAN) and its basic constituents H3PO4 and nor-N-mustard have been calculated with the help of a modified CNDO/S-method. The spectroscopic data of the H3PO4 , which is the starting-point for a corresponding calculation of cyclophosphamide, has been studied by taking account of the 3 d electron of the phosphorus. Nor-N-mustard is a very reactive compound, characterized by the ability to split off chloride ions and to act as an alkylating agent. The binding of the nor-N-mustard to the cyclic phosphate ester (cyclophosphamide) modifies the chemical reactivity of the mustard group in an essential way, and the 3d electron of the phosphorus plays an important role with respect to the excitability of the C -Cl bonds. Cyclophosphamide must be metabolized in a suitable way to develop the same alkylating activity as the nor-N-mustard. The computation of the excited states of cyclophosphamide revealed a similar term scheme as it was found by Clar in the case of the carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons.
In the present paper we develop the essential theoretical tools for the treatment of the dynamics of High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions. We study the influence of the nuclear equation of state and discuss the new phenomena connected with phase transitions in nuclear matter (pion condensation). Furthermore we investigate the possibility of a transition from nuclear to quark matter in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions. In this context we discuss exotic phenomena like strongly bound pionic states, limiting temperatures, and exotic nuclei.
Ganz entsprechend wie in Italien und Flandern erfüllten in Oberdeutschland, den Rheinlanden und den mitteleuropäischen Montanzentren die Wechselstuben die Funktion von Depositen- und Girobanken. Sie beherrschten und benutzten das damalige Instrumentar zur Kreditmobilisierung und Giralgeldschöpfung. Sie waren also Vorläufer der heutigen deutschen Universalbanken! Neben den oberdeutschen Merchantbankers und Verlegern leisteten sie einen erheblichen Beitrag zur Entstehung und Ausweitung eines mitteleuropäischen Geld- und Kapitalmarktes. Sie gaben damit eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für das Phänomen des - in den Fuggern gipfelnden, lange zuvor jedoch schon sich anbahnenden - Oberdeutschen Kapitalismus, dessen Entstehen und steiler Aufstieg ohne sie mystisch bliebe.
Binding energies and wave functions of inner-shell electronic states in superheavy quasimolecules with (Zp+Zt)α>1 are calculated. Ionization during a collision of very heavy ions is investigated within a molecular basis generated by the solutions of the two-center Dirac equation. Transitions to vacant bound states as well as direct excitation to the continuum are taken into account. We present theoretical values for the ionization probability as a function of impact parameter, bombarding energy, and combined nuclear charge. Our computed results are compared with recent experimental data. It is suggested that relativistic binding energies of electrons in superheavy quasimolecules can be determined experimentally via the impact-parameter dependence of ionization and the anisotropy of quasimolecular radiation.