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The Iberian Peninsula represents a diversity hotspot for the genus Dicranopalpus. However, most taxa are insufficiently defined. Our revision of the Dicranopalpus pyrenaeus species group reveals two hidden species: D. catariegensis sp. nov. and D. gallaecicus sp. nov. Two species, D. pyrenaeus from the Spanish and French Pyrenees and D. insignipalpis from Corsica, are redescribed. Dicranopalpus cantabricus Dresco, 1953 is resurrected as a valid species. Three new synonyms of D. martini (Simon, 1878) are proposed: Fagea bolivari Dresco, 1949 (including D. bolivari sensu Rambla 1975), Egaenasser extraordinarius Roewer, 1953 and Dicranopalpus dispar Rambla, 1967. With these additions, the Iberian Peninsula harbours four species of the Dicranopalpus pyrenaeus species group. They largely have allopatric distributions, ranging from the Pyrenees and the Cantabrian mountain range to the west coast of Galicia.
L. religiosum Simon, 1879 was found at Mayen near Koblenz (Rhineland-Palatinate), Germany. This is the first record for Germany and is about 500 km from the known distribution area of the species in the southwestern Alps. The German population seems to be restricted to the ancient Roman quarry “Mayener Grubenfeld” where it is confined to stone walls and cave systems with balanced microclimatic conditions. Genital morphological structures were found to be very fragile, were easily deformed and therefore apparently variable. Difficulties in using these characters for taxonomy are discussed. Ecology, provenance and conservation status of the newly discovered population are considered.