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Cicurina japonica (Araneae: Dictynidae) - eine nach Mitteleuropa eingeschleppte Kräuselspinnenart
(2005)
Die ersten beiden Nachweise der ursprünglich ostasiatisch verbreiteten Kräuselspinnen-Art Cicurina japonica (Simon, 1886) für Europa werden vorgestellt. Die umfangreichen Funde im Areal des ehemaligen Güterbahnhofes der Deutschen Bundesbahnen (DB) in Basel erlauben ansatzweise eine ökologische Charakterisierung der Art.
Carniella brignolii Thaler & Steinberger, 1988 was first described based on a male from Austria and still belongs to the rare, scarcely studied species. Based on material from Germany and Switzerland the hitherto unknown female now can be assigned and presented. In this context a new synonymy is also proposed: The cave-dwelling, troglomorphic C. mihaili (Georgescu, 1989) from Romania, originally established as new genus Marianana, is synonymised with C. brignolii.
Pitfall traps were positioned for the investigation of the spider fauna at the northern and southern slopes of three mountain ridges (Chilchberg, Riedberg, and Buechenberg, municipalities Nunningen and Zullwil, canton Solothurn, Switzerland) within the Swiss Jura Mountains. The temperature in the upper litter was measured at three hour intervals. Independent of the weather more or less clear differences between northern and southern slopes could be observed. Maximum day temperature fluctuations of 15.8 °C were measured. There were no significant differences in spider communities based on quantitative comparison methods. However, a qualitative analysis showed major differences in species composition. More than 50% of all species per investigation area showed clear preferences for the northern or the southern slope, with more then two thirds of the individuals only found on either the north or south slopes.
In the ”Checklist of the spiders of Central Europe” 945 species are listed for Switzerland. During the last few years numerous species have been found which represent new records for Switzerland and that, at least partly, have already been published. This 4th appendix to the catalogue of Swiss spiders presents fourteen species recorded for the first time in Switzerland: Carniella brignolii Thaler & Steinberger, 1988, Theridion cinereum Thorell, 1875, Diplocephalus foraminifer (O. P.-Cambridge, 1875), Panamomops affinis Miller & Kratochvíl, 1939, Troxochrota scabra Kulczyński, 1894, Pardosa fulvipes (Collett, 1876), P. sphagnicola (Dahl, 1908), Hahnia microphthalma Snazell & Duffey, 1980, Archaeodictyna consecuta (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872), Brommella falcigera (Balogh, 1935), Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944, Drassodex drescoi Hervé, Roberts & Murphy, 2009, Thanatus firmetorum Muster & Thaler, 2003 and Xysticus viduus Kulczyński, 1898. Thirteen further species are presented that were already published elsewhere. The current number of species in Switzerland is thus 972. As special curiosities, five species are presented that will not yet be entered into the checklist but nevertheless may happen to be found in human surroundings.
The first two records of Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) in Germany are presented together with a further discovery of the species in Central Switzerland. A spreading of the species from South to North along traffic routes is supposed and climate change is suggested as a possible reason for the species establishing itself in Central Europe.
Since the first supplement in 1993 38 species are recorded as new to Switzerland. 14 species are recorded here for the first time for Switzerland: Enoplognatha oelandica (THORELL, 1875); Theridion hemerobium SIMON, 1914; Diplocephalus crassilobus (SIMON, 1884); Diplocephalus pavesii PESARINI, 1996; Linyphia tenuipalpis SIMON, 1884; Porrhomma cambridgei MERRETT, 1994; Porrhomma rosenhaueri (L.KOCH, 1872); Pachygnatha terilis THALER,1991; Hahnia candida SIMON, 1975; Cryptodrassus hungaricus (BALOGH, 1935); Zelotes devotus GRIMM, 1982; Zelotes hermani (CHYZER,1897); Zelotes tenuis (L.KOCH, 1866); Tmarus stellio SIMON, 1875.24 species were published in other papers and are listed here only to complete the catalogue: Episinus maculipesCAVANNA, 1876; Robertus kuehnae BAUCHHENSS & UHLENHAUT, 1993; Centromerus capucinus (SIMON, 1884); Diplocephalus dentatusTULLGREN, 1955; Lepthyphantes arenicola DENIS, 1964; Lepthyphantes insignis (O.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1913); Lessertia dentichelis (SIMON, 1884); Maro lepidus CASEMIR, 1961; Prinerigone vagans (AUDOUIN, 1826); Pseudomaro aenigmaticus DENIS, 1966; Silometopus bonessi CASEMIR, 1970; Acantholycosa norvegica (THORELL, 1872); Acantholycosa rupicola (DU FOUR, 1820); Pardosa alacris (C. L. KOCH, 1933); Pardosa baehrorum KRONESTEDT, 1999; Pardosa saltans TOPFER-HOFMANN im Druck;Altella biuncata(MILLER, 1949); Agroecainopina O. P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1886; Clubiona pseudoneglecta WUNDERLlCH, 1994; Zodarion italicum (CANESTRINI, 1868);Synaphosus sauvageOVTSHARENKO, LEVY & PLA TNICK, 1994;Zora parallela SIMON, 1878; Thanatus atratus SIMON, 1875; Ozyptila pul/ata (THORELL, 1875).4 species have to be deleted from the catalogue: Diplocephalus foraminifer (O.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1875); Diplocephalus aft. procer (SIMON, 1884) sensu THALER (1972); Acantholycosa pyrenaea (SIMON, 1876); Zodarion gal/icum (SI MON, 1873). The actual number of known species in Switzerland is 926.
In this third supplement to the Catalogue of Swiss spiders of MAURER & HANGGI (1990) 9 species are recorded for the first time for Switzerland. 4 additional species already published elsewhere are added to the list of Swiss spiders. 5 other earlier published species are listed, which are only known from greenhouses or under similar eusynanthropic conditions. The list of spiders known to Switzerland today comprises 944 species.
Als Nachtrag zum "Katalog der schweizerischen Spinnen bis 1990" (MAURER & HÄNGGI 1991) werden 7 Arten erstmals für die Schweiz gemeldet: Diplocephalus aff. procer (SIMON, 1884), sensu THALER (1972), Diplocephalus protuberans (O.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1875), Tapinocyba praecox (O.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1873), Trichoncus saxicola (O.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1861), Zelotes pseudoclivicola GRIMM 1982, Ozyptila (=Oxyptila) sanctuaria (0. P. -CAMBRIDGE, 1871), Talavera (=Euophrys) aperta (MILLER, 1971). Weitere 8 Arten wurden bereits anderweitig publiziert, sind aber als Ergänzung zum "Katalog" nochmals zusammengefasst: Mecynargus (=Rhaebothorax) foveatus (F. DAHL, 1912), Tapinocyba maureri THALER, 1991, Bathyphantes setiger F.O.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1894, Tallusia (=Centromerus) vindobonensis (KULCZYNSKI, 1889), Cybaeus intermedius MAURER, 1992, Cybaeus montanus MAURER, 1992, Zelotes atrocaeruleus (SIMON, 1878), Talavera inopinata WUNDERLlCH, 1993.