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Pristomerus species of Madagascar are revised. We report 15 species, of which 12 are newly described: P. guinness sp. nov., P. hansoni sp. nov., P. kelikely sp. nov., P. keyka sp. nov., P. moramora sp. nov., P. melissa sp. nov., P. patator sp. nov., P. ranomafana sp. nov., P. roberti sp. nov., P. vahaza sp. nov., P. veloma sp. nov. and P. yago sp. nov. Pristomerus albescens (Morley) and P. cunctator Tosquinet are newly recorded from Madagascar and new host and/or distribution records are provided for this species. A dichotomous key to all species is provided. The zoogeographical relation of the Malagasy fauna of Pristomerus with respect to mainland Africa is discussed: only three of the 15 species are reported to occur outside of Madagascar, suggesting a high level of endemism in Madagascar which was not unexpected.
The Afrotropical Rhyssinae are reviewed. A total of 12 species are reported from the region, including five new species: Epirhyssa brianfisheri sp. nov., E. gavinbroadi sp. nov., E. shaka sp. nov., E. villemantae sp. nov. and E. tombeaodiba sp. nov. The generic status of E. brianfisheri sp. nov. is discussed since this species could also be considered to be an extra-limital Triancyra species, emphasizing the putative paraphyletic status of Epirhyssa. Epirhyssa ghesquierei Seyrig, 1937, E. overlaeti Seyrig, 1937 and E. uelensis Benoit, 1951 are newly reported from Cameroon. We provide illustrated diagnoses and identification notes. Finally, we discuss the apparent scarcity of African rhyssines compared to other regions.
Three new species of Rhizomyces Thaxt., parasitic on African stalk-eyed flies, are described. These are R. forcipatus W.Rossi & Feijen sp. nov., parasitic on various species of Centrioncus Speiser from Ivory Coast, Kenya and Malawi and Teloglabrus Feijen from South Africa; R. ramosus W.Rossi & Feijen sp. nov., parasitic on Diopsina nitida (Adams, 1903) from Uganda; R. tschirnhausii W.Rossi & Feijen sp. nov., parasitic on Diopsina africana (Shillito, 1940) from Uganda. All previous records of species of Rhizomyces are presented in tabulated form with updated host names. A key is presented to all species of Rhizomyces. The occurrence of Rhizomyces and other taxa of the Laboulbeniales Lindau in the genera of the Diopsidae Billberg is discussed.
A new species of Anthomyzidae (Diptera), viz., Mumetopia interfeles Roháček sp. nov. (both sexes), is described from Chile, based on a large series collected from a small grassy area (consisting of a non-native species, Hordeum murinum L.) among houses in the city of Valparaíso. Its systematic affiliation, phylogenetic relationships, and biology are discussed. Cases of mass occurrence of adult Anthomyzidae, particularly those in anthropogenic habitats, are reviewed and general features of them discussed. A phylogenetic hypothesis is proposed for the relationships of the new species and the Chamaebosca group of genera within Anthomyzidae (64 species in dataset), based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses of seven DNA markers (12S, 16S, 28S, COI, COII, CytB, ITS2). Taxonomic limits of the genus Mumetopia Melander, 1913 are discussed. Based on a new molecular hypothesis and a previous cladistic analysis of morphological data (Roháček & Barber 2009), a broadened, better-supported concept of Mumetopia (s. str.) is proposed to include M. interfeles sp. nov. (and its unnamed relatives) and externally aberrant, undescribed species endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands. Apart from Anthomyzidae (M. interfeles sp. nov. only), the community of Diptera associated with H. murinum was dominated by phytophagous Chloropidae: Ceratobarys sacculicornis (Enderlein, 1911) occurred in extremely high numbers similar to those of M. interfeles sp. nov., while the less abundant Opetiophora sp. represents the first record of the genus from South America.
The African shieldbug genus Afrius Stål, 1870 is revised. Cantheconidea migratoria Distant, 1913 and A. williamsi Miller, 1952 are proposed as junior synonyms of A. (Subafrius) flavirostrum (Signoret, 1861) whereas Canthecona marmorata Dallas, 1851, Canthecona annulipes Dallas, 1851 and A. rubromarginatus Bergroth, 1903 are proposed as junior synonyms of A. (Afrius) purpureus (Westwood, 1837) based on the general morphology and genitalia of the species. The three valid species, viz. A. (Subafrius) flavirostrum, A. (Afrius) kolleri Schouteden, 1911 and A. (Afrius) purpureus, are redescribed with details of male and female genitalia morphology, and a lectotype is designated for A. (Afrius) kolleri. A key to identify the species as well as an update of the geographical distribution for each species are provided, including new records for A. (Afrius) purpureus.
Taxonomic review of the genus Erythrocricus Schubart, 1962 (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Rhinocricidae)
(2021)
We review the genus Erythrocricus Schubart, 1962 based on the type material of the species Erythrocricus sanguineostriatus (Schubart, 1962). We propose a new diagnosis, redescribe the type species, and propose a new synonymy and a new combination. In addition, a male-based key to both species recognized, including Erythrocricus electrofasciatus (Schubart, 1957), comb. nov. ex. Rhinocricus, is given.
This paper provides a taxonomic assessment and distribution details of the species of the genus Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae) for the Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil. Six species were found: L. erecta (L.) H.Hara, L. helminthorrhiza (Mart.) H.Hara, L. hyssopifolia (G.Don) Exell, L. leptocarpa (Nutt.) H.Hara, L. nervosa (Poir.) H.Hara and L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven. Ludwigia nervosa was recorded for the first time in the studied area. Our taxonomic treatment comprises an identification key to the species. For each species, description, illustrations, taxonomic comments, flowering and fruiting data, geographic distribution map, and the conservation status for the studied area are provided. Among the recorded species, three were classified as "Near Threatened", two as "Vulnerable" and one as "Critically Endangered".
A revision of microscope slides deposited between 2014 and 2017 in the collection of Rocha and Doma (National University of La Pampa, Argentina) revealed three new species of the genus Milnesium Doyère, 1840: M. pelufforum sp. nov., M. irenae sp. nov. and M. quiranae sp. nov. Milnesium pelufforum sp. nov. is mostly characterized by ten transverse bands of sculptured cuticle and pseudoplates (the first band, until now, never detected in the genus), six peribuccal lamellae and claw configuration [2-2]-[2-2] in young or [2-3]-[3-2] in senior specimens. Milnesium irenae sp. nov. is mostly characterized by complex cuticular ornamentation including a fine reticulation different from the typical one in the genus; it also has pseudoplates, six peribuccal lamellae, medioventral peribuccal papilla reduced, stylets, their furcae and supports very developed, and claw configuration [2-3]-[2-2]. Milnesium quiranae sp. nov. is mostly characterized by smooth cuticle, six peribuccal lamellae, and claw configuration [3-3]-[3-3]; with growing, the medioventral peribuccal papilla reduces and the buccal tube becomes wider. With the present contribution the genus Milnesium now has 48 valid species, and the number of described limno-terrestrial tardigrade species from South America has risen to 11, including 8 from Argentina with 5 from Salta and La Pampa province.
The limno-terrestrial tardigrade fauna of Argentina has been investigated methodically and with modern criteria just in the last two decades, but current knowledge is still incomplete. So far, about 119 limno-terrestrial species are known for the country, of which only 6 belong to the genus Minibiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980. Until 1988, this genus was monotypic, with only Minibiotus intermedius (Plate, 1888), but today the number of species of the genus has risen to 55. In the present contribution, we describe with an integrated approach (PCM, SEM, morphometry and DNA analysis with COI, ITS2, 18S and 28S genes) a new species of Minibiotus from Salta City (Argentina). Minibiotus dispositus sp. nov. has ten transverse bands of variously shaped cuticular pores, arranged in transverse rows, with differences between smaller and larger specimens. Three macroplacoids and a microplacoid are present in the pharynx. The eggs have small conical processes and granulated chorion. The new species is morphologically and morphometrically well differentiated from all other species of the genus, and genetically from the up to date sequenced species. The new species description gave the occasion to broaden knowledge on taxonomy, morphology and faunistics of the genus Minibiotus, and on the tardigrade fauna of Argentina and the Neotropical region.
A new genus of Lebinthina (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae) is erected based on species from Maluka Islands near northern Sulawesi (Indonesia): Platybinthus gen. nov. This new genus currently consists of three species. Platybinthus punctatus (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. from Halmahera Island is assigned as the type species. Platybinthus striolatus gen. et comb. nov., also from Halmahera Island, is redescribed. We also describe a new species: Platybinthus sandyi gen. et sp. nov. from Morotai Island.