Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (18)
Has Fulltext
- yes (18)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (18) (remove)
Keywords
- Koelerio-Corynephoretea (18) (remove)
Die Arbeitsgruppe Trockenrasen wurde 2004 mit dem Ziel gegründet, mittelfristig die Bände der Trockenrasen und nahe stehender Vegetationstypen innerhalb der „Synopsis der Pflanzengesellschaften Deutschlands“ zu verfassen. Dazu soll zunächst eine umfassende TURBOVEG-Datenbank mit Vegetationsaufnahmen der Klassen Koelerio-Corynephoretea, Festuco-Brometea, Violetea calaminariae, Elyno-Seslerietea und Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei aus Deutschland erstellt werden. Anschließend ist die ergebnisoffene syntaxonomische Neubearbeitung dieser Gesellschaftsgruppe nach einer einheitlichen Methodik geplant. Personen, die an der Arbeitsgruppe mitwirken oder ihr Daten zur Verfügung stellen wollen, sind herzlich willkommen. Außerdem veranstaltet die Arbeitsgruppe eine jährliche Tagung zu wechselnden Themen. Die erste im September 2004 in Lüneburg stand unter dem Motto „Trockenrasen als Biodiversitätshotspots“. Fünf der damaligen Beiträge werden in diesem Band publiziert.
We report on the activities of the European Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) during the last year, namely the 8th European Dry Grassland Meeting in Uman', Ukraine in June 2011, the 3rd EDGG Research Expedition in Bulgaria in August 2011, the 4th EDGG Research Expedition in Sicily in April 2012, as well as the completed and forthcoming EDGG-coordinated special features in international journals. Then we provide a brief bibliometrical analysis of the Dry Grassland Special Features in Tuexenia since 2005. The 32 contributions of the years 2005–2011 constituted approx. 17% of the overall content of Tuexenia in this period. Including this 7th Dry Grassland Special Feature, sixty-one authors from 12 countries have contributed to these Special Features, guest-edited by yearly changing teams from a total of 16 guest editors. In the years with statistically reliable data, contributions in the Dry Grassland Special Features have been cited approximately four times as much as regular Tuexenia contributions. It is likely that this fact together with the internationality of the Special Features has contributed to the final inclusion of the journal in the Web of Science in 2011. Finally, we introduce the four research articles of this 7th Dry Grassland Special Feature. Two of them are focusing on vegetation change and restoration issues of cryptogam-rich sand dunes in the Netherlands and calcareous grasslands in Bavaria (Germany), respectively. The others, dealing with siliceous grasslands in Hesse (central Germany) and the results of EDGG Research Expedition 2009 to Transylvania (Romania), focus on syntaxonomy.
In der vorliegenden Studie wird aufbauend auf 54 pflanzensoziologischen Aufnahmen eine ökologische und syntaxonomische Gliederung der Heidenelken-reichen, bodensauren Magerrasen der Medebacher Bucht (Ostrand des Rheinischen Schiefergebirges) vorgenommen. Die Aufnahmen werden dem Thymo pulegioidis-Festucetum ovinae Oberd. 1957, einem artenreichen, mesophilen Silikat-Magerrasen mit einer lückigen Feldschicht zugeordnet. Bei den Lebensformen überwiegen Hemikryptophyten und Therophyten. Dominante Strategietypen sind Arten mit intermediärer Strategie (CSR), Konkurrenz- und Ruderal-Strategen. Das Thymo-Festucetum kann in zwei floristisch-soziologisch und ökologisch deutlich getrennte Subassoziationen untergliedert werden. Die entscheidenden Standortfaktoren für diese Unterteilung sind die Bodenfeuchte und Nutzung. Die frischeren Standorte der Subassoziation von Achillea millefolium werden meist beweidet oder einschürig gemäht. Besiedelt werden ebene bis kaum geneigte flachgründige Braunerden. Die kryptogamenreichen Bestände der Subassoziation von Viola arvensis siedeln auf Skeletthumusböden oft stark geneigter Hänge und liegen brach. Das Thymo-Festucetum ist meist mosaikartig mit anderen Gesellschaften verzahnt. Auf frischeren und nährstoffreicheren Standorten wird die Subassoziation von Achillea millefolium durch Gesellschaften des Wirtschaftsgrünlandes abgelöst. Die Subassoziation von Viola arvensis steht in Kontakt zu Gesellschaften der Calluno-Ulicetea. Gegenüber den Ausbildungen auf Lockersubstraten im Tiefland fehlen dem Thymo-Festucetum auf Festgestein in den Mittelgebirgen eigene Höhen-Differenzialarten. Der ökologisch wirksamste edaphische Unterschied scheint die größere Dynamik mit teilweiser Übersan- dung der Pflanzen auf den Sandstandorten im Tiefland zu sein. Zur Pflege der Bestände der Achillea millefolium-Subassoziation des Thymo-Festucetum in der Medebacher Bucht ist eine extensive Beweidung die optimale Pflegemaßnahme. Die bevorzugte Form der Nutzung sollte die Hütehaltung mit Schafen und einzelnen Ziegen sein. Für die Bestände der Viola arvensis-Subassoziation erscheint keine regelmäßige Nutzung notwendig. Vielmehr sind unregelmäßige Störungen anzustreben.
We present the data of the 2nd research expedition of the European Dry Grassland Group (EDGG), which was conducted in 2010 in Central Podolia, Ukraine. The aim was to collect plot data to compare Ukrainian dry grasslands with those of other parts of Europe in terms of syntaxonomy and biodiversity. We sampled 21 nested-plot series (0.0001–100 m2) and 184 normal plots (10 m2) covering the full variety of dry grassland types occurring in the study region. For all plots, we recorded species composi-tion of terrestrial vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens, while for the 226 10-m2 plots we estimated and measured percentage cover of all species, structural, topographic, soil and landuse parameters. The 10-m² plots were used for phytosociological classification based on iteratively refined TWINSPAN classification as well as for DCA ordination. Differences between the derived vegetation types with respect to environmental conditions and species richness were assessed with ANOVAs. We assigned our plots to nine association-level units but refrained from placing them into formal associations with two exceptions. In the study area, dry grasslands of the Festuco-Brometea were far more common than those of the Koelerio-Corynephoretea. Among the Festuco-Brometea, xeric Festucetalia valesiacae grasslands were more frequent and represented by the Festucion valesiacae (2 associations, including the Allio taurici-Dichanthietum ischaemi ass. nova) and the Stipion lessingianae (1) compared to the Brachypodietalia pinnati with the Agrostio vinealis-Avenulion schellianae (3). The Koelerio-Corynephoretea were represented by three associations, each from a different order and alliance: basiphilous outcrops (Alysso alyssoidis-Sedetalia: Alysso alyssoidis-Sedion?), acidophilous outcrops (Sedo-Scleranthetalia: Veronico dillenii-Sedion albi?) and mesoxeric sandy grasslands (Trifolio arvensis-Festucetalia ovinae: Agrostion vinealis). We discuss the issue of the mesoxeric order Galietalia veri placed within the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea by Ukrainian authors and conclude that the content of that order would probably be better placed in the mesoxeric orders of the Koelerio-Corynephoretea and Festuco-Brometea. Other syntaxonomic questions could not be solved with our geographically limited dataset and await a supraregional analysis, e.g. whether the Ukrainian outcrop communities should be assigned to the same alliances as known from Central Europe or rather represent new vicariant units. The analysis of the biodiversity patterns showed that at a grain size of 10 m2, Podolian Koelerio-Corynephoretea communities were overall richer than Festuco-Brometea communities (46.4 vs. 40.6 species). This difference was due to the Koelerio-Corynephoretea containing twice as many bryophytes and nine times more lichens, while vascular plant species richness did not differ significantly between classes. The orders within the classes showed no real differences in species richness. The richness patterns observed in Podolia were almost the opposite of those usually found in dry grasslands, where Brachypodietalia pinnati are richer than Festucetalia valesiacae, and these richer than stands of the Koelerio-Corynpehoretea – and we do not have a good explanation for these idiosyncrasies. In conclusion, Podolian dry grasslands behave quite unexpectedly regarding biodiversity, and their syntaxonomy is still poorly understood. These knowledge gaps can only be addressed with supranational analyses based on comprehensive datasets.
We first report from the 5th Dry Grassland Meeting held from 28th to 30st of August 2008 in Kiel, Germany. Then we take stock of the achievements of the German Arbeitsgruppe Trockenrasen and the international Working Group on Dry Grasslands in the Nordic and Baltic Region towards establishment of vegetation databases of dry grasslands in these study regions. At the conference, the European Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) was founded as an international platform of dry grassland researchers and conservationists. As networking tools it provides a homepage on the internet, publishes a quarterly electronical bulletin, and will organise the future European Dry Grassland Meetings. In the last part of this contribution, we give a short introduction to the five articles of this Special Feature. Four of them make a major contribution to supra-national classification of Koelerio-Corynephoretea and Festuco- Brometea communities, respectively, by providing syntaxonomic overviews based on comprehensive data from eastern European countries for which only few data have been available until now. The other major focus of the Feature papers is on degradation and restoration of various types of dry grasslands.
Dry grasslands of NW Bulgarian mountains : first insights into diversity, ecology and syntaxonomy
(2013)
We present the data of the 3rd research expedition of the European Dry Grasslands Group (EDGG), which was conducted in 2011 in two contrasting areas in NW Bulgarian mountains. The aim was to collect plot data for comparing Bulgarian dry grasslands with those of other parts of Europe in terms of syntaxonomy and biodiversity. We sampled 15 nested-plot series (0.0001–100 m²) and 68 normal plots (10 m²) covering the full variety of dry grassland types occurring in the Vratsa area (Balkan Mts.) and the Koprivshtitsa area (Sredna Gora Mt.). In the plots all vascular plants, terricolous non-vascular plants and a set of soil and other environmental parameters were determined. By applying modified TWIN-SPAN, we distinguished 10 floristically well characterised vegetation types at the association level. After comparison with the regional and European literature, we propose to place them within three classes and five orders: Festuco-Brometea with the orders Stipo pulcherrimae-Festucetalia pallentis (xerophilous dry grasslands of base-rich rocks; alliance Saturejion montanae), Brachypodietalia pinnati (meso-xeric, basiphilous grasslands; alliances Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati and Chyrsopogono grylli-Danthonion calycinae), Calluno-Ulicetea with the order Nardetalia stricae (lowland to montane Nar-dus swards; alliance Violion caninae), and Koelerio-Corynephoretea with the orders Sedo-Scleranthetalia (open communities of skeleton-rich, acidic soils; alliance unclear) and Trifolio arvensis-Festucetalia ovinae (closed, meso-xeric, acidophilous grasslands; alliance Armerio rumelicae-Potentillion). The Violion caninae with the association Festuco rubrae-Genistelletum sagittalis is reported from Bulgaria for the first time, while the two occurring Koelerio-Corynephoretea communities are described as new associations (Cetrario aculeatae-Plantaginetum radicatae, Plantagini radicatae-Agrostietum capillaris). According to DCA the main floristic gradient was largely determined by soil conditions, differentiating the Festuco-Brometea communities on soils with high pH and high humus content from the Koelerio-Corynephoretea communities on acidic, humus-poor soils, while the Calluno-Ulicetea stands are the connecting link. At 10 m2 Festuco-Brometea and Calluno-Ulicetea stands were richer in species across all investigated taxa and in vascular plants than Koelerio-Corynephoretea stands; the latter were richest in lichen species, while bryophyte richness did not differ significantly among syntaxa. Among the Bulgarian classes, the species-area relationships tended to be steepest in the Festuco-Brometea (i.e. highest beta diversity), but both alpha and beta diversity clearly fell behind the Festuco-Brometea communities in the Transylvanian Plateau, Romania, located less than 500 km north of the study region. Overall, our study contributes to a more adequate placement of the Bulgarian dry grasslands in the European syntaxonomic system and provides valuable data for large-scale analyses of biodiversity patterns.
This paper compiles and synthesizes the present knowledge of dry grassland vegetation on sandy soils in northern Ukraine, based on published and unpublished sources. In total, 391 relevés from 29 association-level syntaxa of the class Koelerio-Corynephoretea (inch Sedo-Scleranthetea and Festucetea vaginatae), as well as of the alliance Agrostion vinealis from the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea were used for the analysis. Based on cluster analysis and comparison of synoptic tables, a compact classification scheme of the sandy dry grassland vegetation in the forest and forest-steppe zones of the plains region of Ukraine has been developed. It comprises 10 associations from the Koelerio-Corynephoretea and one from the Agrostion vinealis (Molinio-Arrhenatheretea). The Koelerio-Corynephoretea include four orders in Ukraine: Alysso-Sedetalia, Trifolio arvensis- Festucetalia ovinae, Corynephoretalia canescentis, and Sedo acris-Festucetalia. The Alysso-Sedetalia are represented by two associations, the Aurinio saxatilis-Allietum podolici and the Minuartio auctae- Festucetum pallentis from West Podillya. The associations Stipetum pulcherrimae, Astragalo-Stipetum, and Poetum versicoloris, which also had been included in the Alysso-Sedetalia by some authors, are assigned to the class Festuco-Brometea based on their species composition. All Ukrainian stands of the Trifolio arvensis-Festucetalia ovinae are assigned to the association Thymo pulegioides-Festucetum ovinae. They develop on granite outcrops within Ukrainian crystalline shield. Communities of the Corynephoretalia canescentis are described from the Polissya region, where fluvioglacial sediments dominate. These relevés are provisionally assigned to the associations Corniculario aculeatae-Cory- nephoretum canescentis and Corynephoro-Silenetum tataricae. Sedo acris-Festucetalia communities have mainly been recorded in the Dnieper Valley, and some relevés come from Zhytomyr Polissya. This order includes two alliances. The Koelerion glaucae is represented by two associations, namely Veronica dillenii-Secalietum sylvestris and Diantho borbasii-Agrostietum syreistschikovii. The Festucion beckeri is represented by three associations (Centaureo borysthenicae-Festucetum beckeri, Chamaecytiso ruthenici-Festucetum beckeri and perhaps Poo bulbosae-Caricetum colchicae), which are distributed in the Dnieper Valley. The Agrostion vinealis alliance from the Galietalia veri order has been assigned to the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. The present analysis revealed a significant similarity among the previously described associations of this alliance, which allowed the reduction of them to one association, the Koelerio-Agrostietum vinealis. It occurs mostly in the Dnieper Valley and its left bank tributaries. Among the right bank tributaries, it occurs only along lower stretches of rivers and around their confluences with the Dnieper. Most of the dry grassland communities on sandy soils within the study area require further detailed investigation.
Es wurden Ephemerenfluren im nördlichen Harzvorland Niedersachsens und Sachsen-Anhalts untersucht, die kleinflächig Lücken in Halbtrockenrasen (Festuco-Brometea) besiedeln. Auf der Grundlage von 62 Originalaufnahmen aus fünf Teilgebieten in Sachsen-Anhalt werden zwei Gesellschaften unterschieden: Das Cerastietum pumili in zwei Ausbildungen auf basenreichen Böden und die Cerastium semidecandrum-Gesellschaft auf Substraten mit einem höheren Sandanteil. In einer Übersichtstabelle werden diese Gesellschaften mit 47 publizierten Aufnahmen aus dem nördlichen Harzvorland Niedersachsens zusammengestellt und diskutiert. Die Ephemerenfluren lassen sich den Sedo-Scleranthetalia, meist auch dem Verband Alysso-Sedion albi, zuordnen. Die deutlichen Unterschiede in der Artenzusammensetzung zwischen den einzelnen Teilgebieten im Untersuchungsgebiet werden heraus gearbeitet. Neben der pflanzensoziologischen Gliederung wird der strukturelle Aufbau dieser Pflanzengemeinschaften exemplarisch abgebildet. In einer kurzen Teilstudie wurde untersucht, wie weit Koelerio-Corynephoretea-Arten vom Halbtrockenrasen in angrenzende junge Ackerbrachen mutmaßlich eingewandert sind und ob Ackerbrachen als Lebensraum geeignet sind. Am weitesten wanderten Echium vulgare, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Trifolium campestre und Erodium cicutarium ein. Cerastium glutinosum, Alyssum alyssoides, Myosotis ramosissima, Sedum acre und Aira praecox wurden nur in der Nähe der angrenzenden Halbtrockenrasen gefunden.
Using four exclosures, the impact of mouflon grazing and weather on plant communities of the phytosociological alliances Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis and Hyperico perforati-Scleranthion perennis occurring on shallow soils within a forest landscape was studied in the Křivoklátsko Biosphere Reserve (Czech Republic) during seven years. In the years 2004–2010, the vascular plant species composition was recorded annually on a total of eight fenced and eight control plots, each 2 m × 1 m in size. Treatment, time, and weather data were used as explanatory variables in ordination and correlation analyses. Cover values of different life forms and indicator values varied significantly in dependence on the weather conditions of the preceding five months; however, correlations varied according to the vegetation type and were rather rarely detected. The effect of fencing appeared important in all study plots; however, the temporal trends were significant only in half of them. We did not find a significant interaction between treatment and time in the total dataset. A successional change was detected in one fenced plot only; in all other cases, the species composition fluctuated – a phenomenon that is not directly attributable to weather conditions. In the fenced plots, the herbaceous vegetation cover decreased, mainly due to litter accumulation and partly due to shrub encroachment. At least some parts of the valuable and species-rich habitats could be maintained under high game density, but some parts are endangered by eutrophication and game grazing. Nature conservation management should balance both mechanisms.
Sandtrockenrasen von Binnendünen in der Unteren Mittelelbe-Niederung zwischen Dömitz und Boizenburg
(1998)
Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick der Flora und Vegetation von Sandtrockenrasen auf drei ausgewählten Binnendünen im rechtsseitigen Elbtal zwischen Dömitz und Boizenburg. Das Spergulo morisonii-Corynephoretum canescentis kommt in allen Teilgebieten auf grund- und hochwasserfernen, offenen Sandstandorten mit geringen Humusgehalten und niedrigen pH-Werten vor. Die Hänge des Dünengebietes bei Gothmann und insbesondere die Elbtaldünen bei Klein Schmölen zeigen eine deutliche Zonierung von offenen Silbergras-Gesellschaften im oberen Bereich hin zu dichteren, grund- und hochwasserbeeinflußten Sandtrockenrasen am Dünenfuß. Unterschieden werden folgende Vegetationstypen: Auf relativ trockenen Standorten wächst eine ebenfalls zum Corynephorion canescentis gehörende Koeleria glauca-Carex arenaria-Gesellschaft. Darauf folgt eine ranglose Cladonia rangiformis-Rumex acetosella-Gesellschaft sowie zum Armerion elongatae gehörend eine Sedum reflexum-Hypnum cupressiforme-Gesellschaft, eine Allium angulosum-Sedum sexangulare-Gesellschaft und das Diantho deltoides-Armerietum elongatae. Messungen und Beobachtungen einiger Standortsfaktoren zeigen einen Gradienten bezüglich pH-Wert, Kohlenstoffgehalt und Bodenfeuchtigkeit. Kleinräumige Unterschiede und Übergänge werden durch Varianten und Ausbildungen der Gesellschaften verdeutlicht. Dieser kleinräumige Wechsel wird außerdem durch einen Transekt detaillierter dargestellt.