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Differential diagnoses, updates on distribution ranges, and an illustrated identification key are given for all species of Agamopus. The first record for A. castaneus from Brazil is given. Type specimens of all valid species-group names are studied and illustrated. Notes on the natural history of Agamopus species, as well as brief phylogenetic comments, are presented. The new species Agamopus joker sp. nov. is described based on a male from Paraná, southern Brazil. Lectotypes are designated for Canthon unguicularis Harold, 1883 and Agamopus lampros Bates, 1887. We also propose the transfer of Agamopus convexus Balthasar, 1965 to the Ateuchus ovalis species group (Ateuchus convexus comb. nov.) based on morphological features of the protibiae, clypeal teeth, and the posterior margin of the pronotum and pygidium.
The taxa of Cryptocephalinae (Clytrini), Synetinae and part of Galerucinae introduced by Carl Peter Thunberg are reviewed based on the examination of primary type specimens deposited in the Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Coptocephala unifasciata unifasciata (Scopoli, 1763) = Cryptocephalus melanocephalus Thunberg, 1787 syn. nov.; Melitonoma decemnotata (Thunberg, 1787) comb. nov. (from Cryptocephalus Geoffroy, 1762); Miopristis flexuosa (Thunberg, 1821) = Miopristis namaquensis Medvedev, 1993 syn. nov.; Protoclytra ( Lacordairella) taeniata (Thunberg, 1821) comb. nov. (from Camptolenes Chevrolat, 1836) = Camptolenes fastuosa (Lacordaire, 1848) syn. nov.; Smeia undata (Thunberg, 1821) comb. nov. (from Miopristis Lacordaire, 1848) = Smeia virginea (Lacordaire, 1848) syn. nov. = Melitonoma pictipennis Jacoby, 1898 syn. nov.; Teinocera catenata (Thunberg, 1821) comb. nov. (from Miopristis) = Teinocera subclathrata (Lacordaire, 1848) syn. nov.; Exosoma lusitanica (Linnaeus, 1767) = Crioceris haemorrhoa Thunberg, 1827 syn. nov.; Megalognatha festiva (Fabricius, 1781) = Crioceris virens Thunberg, 1827 syn. nov.; Monolepta bioculata (Fabricius, 1781) = Cryptocephalus bioculatus Thunberg, 1827 syn. nov.; Monolepta melanogaster (Wiedemann, 1823) = Cryptocephalus capensis Thunberg, 1827 syn. nov.; Palaeophylia tricolor (Fabricius, 1781) = Crioceris tetrapuncta Thunberg, 1787 syn. nov. = Crioceris dimidiata Thunberg, 1827 syn. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Cryptocephalus bioculatus Thunberg, 1827 and Crioceris dimidiata Thunberg, 1827. Melitonoma decemnotata comb. nov. is redescribed. Labidostomis insidiosa Péringuey, 1888 is resurrected from synonymy with Teinocera catenata comb. nov. and provisionally placed as a valid species in the genus Miopristis Lacordaire, 1848. Crioceris betulina Thunberg, 1787 is proposed as nomen oblitum for Syneta betulae (Fabricius, 1792) (nomen protectum). Colour photographs of the type specimens of all taxa are provided.
A new jumping spider genus, Manzuma gen. nov. (Salticidae Blackwall, 1841), is described, type species is Manzuma nigritibia (Caporiacco, 1941). Aelurillus reconditus Wesołowska & van Harten, 1994 is synonymized with Rafalus nigritibiis (Caporiacco, 1941). Four new combinations are proposed: M. jocquei gen. et comb. nov. (ex Aelurillus), M. kenyaensis gen. et comb. nov. (ex Langelurillus), M. lympha gen. et comb. nov. (ex Rafalus) and M. nigritibia gen. et comb. nov. (ex Rafalus). Three species, M. botswana gen. et sp. nov. (♂♀, Botswana and Republic of South Africa), M. petroae gen. et sp. nov. (♂♀, Republic of South Africa) and M. tanzanica gen. et sp. nov. (♂, Tanzania), are described. The male of M. kenyaensis gen. et comb. nov. and female of M. lympha gen. et comb. nov. are described for the first time. A new aelurilline synapomorphy is proposed. Identification key for males is provided.
Nomenclatural changes are made in three previously described genera in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae: Issinae), viz Gergithus Stål, 1870, Mongoliana Distant, 1909 and Hemisphaeroides Melichar, 1903. In addition, a new genus, Gnezdilovius gen. nov., with Gergithus lineatus Kato, 1933 as its type species, is described for 40 species formerly included in Gergithus, and the generic characteristics of the latter genus is revised. One new species, Gergithus frontilongus sp. nov. from China (Yunnan), is described and illustrated. One additional Gergithus species, previously misidentified as G. signatifrons Melichar, 1906 from Siberut Island, is mentioned and illustrated. Gergithus contusus Walker, 1851 is transferred to Mongoliana and Hemisphaerius atromaculatus Distant, 1916 and H. fuscoclypeatus Distant, 1916 are transferred to Hemisphaeroides. Checklists for all four genera are provided detailing the nomenclatural changes and a key to the 19 genera of Hemisphaeriini is provided. Morphological diversity and distribution of the genera are briefly discussed.
A list of taxa belonging to Xylotrupes Hope (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Dynastini) is presented which incorporates several taxonomic actions: X. australicus darwinia Rowland comb. nov.; X. damarensis Rowland stat. nov.; X. lorquini zideki Rowland comb. nov.; X. macleayi szekessyi Endrödi comb. nov.; X. pachycera Rowland stat. nov.; X. philippinensis philippinensis Endrödi stat. nov.; X. philippinensis peregrinus Rowland comb. nov.; X. sumatrensis tanahmelayu Rowland comb. nov.; X. tadoana Rowland stat. nov.; X. telemachos Rowland stat. nov.; X. wiltrudae Silvestre stat. nov. Two new taxa are described: X. carinulus sp. nov. and X. clinias buru ssp. nov. Lectotypes are designated for X. lamachus Minck and X. clinias Schaufuss. Xylotrupes lamachus is found to be a junior subjective synonym of X. ulysses (Guérin-Méneville), new synonymy.
A taxonomic study on twenty-nine species of jumping spiders from South China is presented. Twenty new species are diagnosed and described: Heliophanoides proszynskii Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Myrmage lii Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Myrmarachne hamata Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂), M. xingrenensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), M. yinae Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Phintella fodingensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. jiugongensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. liae Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂), P. liui Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. subpanda Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. wandae Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Ptocasius dian Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), P. subhubeiensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene elongata Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Stertinius donglinsiensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), S. logunovi Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂), Synagelides fanjingensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Thyene xingrenensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), Toxeus fodingensis Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀), and Yaginumaella zabkai Wang, Mi & Peng sp. nov. (♂♀). The genus Heliophanoides Prószyński, 1992 is redefined and two new combinations, transferred from the genus Phintella Strand, 1906, are proposed: H. tengchongensis (Lei & Peng 2013) comb. nov., and H. longlingensis (Lei & Peng 2013) comb. nov. The unknown sexes of the following six species are described for the first time: Phintella fanjingshan Li, Wang, Zhang & Chen, 2019, P. panda Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015, P. pygmaea (Wesołowska, 1981), P. sancha Cao & Li, 2016, P. wulingensis Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015, and Rhene yunnanensis (Peng & Xie, 1995). Brettus anchorum Wanless, 1979 and Phintella aequipeiformis Żabka, 1985 are newly recorded from China. Icius indicus (Simon, 1901) comb. nov. (transferred from Phintella) is re-described. Phintella levii Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015 is assigned to be a synonym of P. arcuata Huang, Wang & Peng, 2015. Thyene zhangi (Peng, Yin, Yan & Kim, 1998) comb. nov. is transferred from Plexippoides Prószyński, 1984, and T. bilaguncula (Xie & Peng, 1995) comb. nov. is transferred from Ptocasius Simon, 1885. Diagnostic illustrations of the twenty-nine species and the distributional maps of the studied specimens are provided.
During verifications of museum material for the Catalogue of the Palaearctic Coleoptera, the type specimen of Hylobius huguenini Reitter, 1891 conserved in the Hungarian National Museum was examined. The type specimen had been found by Gustav Huguenin in the Emmental region in Switzerland. The species was never found again and remained therefore mysterious. After the examination of the type specimen, it became clear that Hylobius huguenini belongs to the American genus Heilipodus Kuschel, 1955 (comb. nov.), and there it ranks as a good species next to Heilipodus goeldii sp. nov., described here, and H. polyspilus (Pascoe, 1889), both from Brazil. The type specimens of Heilipodus goeldii sp. nov. were found in the Emil August Göldi-collection in the Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern.
One new genus, Zagrotes gen. nov., and 19 new species of ground spiders (Gnaphosidae) are described from Iran: Berinda bifurcata sp. nov. (♂, Bushehr, Khuzestan; southwestern and southern Iran), Berinda hoerwegi sp. nov. (♂♀, Fars, Ilam, Kermanshah, Kurdistan; western and southcentral Iran), Berlandina artaxerxes sp. nov. (♂ Yazd; central Iran), Cryptodrassus iranicus sp. nov. (♂, Kermanshah; western Iran), Drassodes persianus sp. nov. (♀, Kermanshah, Sistan & Baluchistan; western and southeastern Iran), Echemus caspicus sp. nov. (♀, Golestan; northern Iran), Gnaphosa qamsarica sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Haplodrassus medes sp. nov. (♂, Fars; southcentral Iran), Haplodrassus qashqai sp. nov. (♂♀, Hormozgan, Khuzestan, Lorestan; southwestern to southern Iran), Marinarozelotes achaemenes sp. nov. (♀, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern Iran), Marjanus isfahanicus sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Nomisia ameretatae sp. nov. (♂, Tehran; northern Iran), Prodidomus inexpectatus sp. nov. (♂, Hormozgan; southern Iran), Scotophaeus anahita sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Scotophaeus elburzensis sp. nov. (♀, Tehran, Zanjan; northwestern and northern Iran), Sosticus montanus sp. nov. (♀, Ilam; western Iran), Synaphosus martinezi sp. nov. (♂♀, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern Iran), Zagrotes apophysalis sp. nov. (♂♀, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern to southern Iran) and Zelotes hyrcanus sp. nov. (♀, Mazandaran; northern Iran). These are the first records of the genera Berinda Roewer, 1928, Echemus Simon, 1878 and Marjanus Chatzaki, 2018 in Iran. Additionally, the previously unknown female of Callipelis deserticola Zamani & Marusik, 2017 is described and illustrated, and Berlandina mesopotamica Al-Khazali, 2020 is recorded in Iran for the first time. Furthermore, Berinda idae Lissner, 2016 syn. nov. (Greece, Cyprus) is synonymized with Berinda infumatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) comb. nov. (ex. Heser Tuneva, 2004; Greece, Tanzania, Egypt, Israel, introduced to Japan).
A new genus of Lebinthina (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae) is erected based on species from Maluka Islands near northern Sulawesi (Indonesia): Platybinthus gen. nov. This new genus currently consists of three species. Platybinthus punctatus (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898) gen. et comb. nov. from Halmahera Island is assigned as the type species. Platybinthus striolatus gen. et comb. nov., also from Halmahera Island, is redescribed. We also describe a new species: Platybinthus sandyi gen. et sp. nov. from Morotai Island.
Pyroghatsiana, a new genus of pyrochroine Pyrochroidae is described from the Southern Ghats of the Indian continental southern tip. The only known specimen is a female, Pyroghatsiana madurensis (Pic), new combination, originally placed in Dendroides Latreille, and subsequently transferred to Pseudodendroides Blair. Several striking differences including the dorsal interocular width between the compound eyes, shape and length of the third antennal segment, and shape of the pronotum preclude placement of Pyroghatsiana in either Dendroides, Pseudodendroides, or any other existing pyrochroine genus.