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The concept of the “magic circle” (Johan Huizinga) defines the stage and the specific performative conditions for magic to work. This concept which was applied by Huizinga to spaces such as the courtroom, the church or the theatre is extended in this essay to the page of the literary text. It is argued that something of the age-old magic of oral poetry is preserved in contemporary German memory fiction that stages an encounter with dead family members. In novels by Peter Härtling (Nachgetragene Liebe) and Uwe Timm (Am Beispiel meines Bruders) a repressed past is emotionally revisited and at the same time exposed to new reflection in the light of hindsight. The therapeutic setting of “family constellation” is introduced as another manifestation of the magic circle in our contemporary world in which latent traumas are acted out and worked through in a cathartic process.
Das Kanonproblem gehört zu den Themen, die seit den letzten dreißig Jahren unvermindert aktuell waren, wenn sich auch die Perspektiven von Jahrzehnt zu Jahrzehnt grundlegend geändert haben. Es lassen sich mindestens drei Schwerpunkte des Interesses an diesem Thema ausmachen, die, auch wenn sie sich nicht gänzlich ausschließen, eine deutliche Verlagerung des Problembewußtseins markieren. In den 70er Jahren stand der Bildungs-Kanon auf dem Prüfstand, der an Schulen und Hochschulen die Geltung traditioneller Texte und Werte unverändert fortschrieb. Gegen diesen mehr oder weniger emphatischen Traditionalismus richtete sich ein ikonoklastischer Impuls, der seine Energien aus einem veränderten Geschichts- und Gesellschaftsbewußtsein bezog. Einerseits führte die Anerkennung der faschistischen deutschen Vergangenheit Ende der 60er Jahre durch die Nachkriegsgeneration zu grundsätzlichen Fragen an eine kontaminierte Tradition; andererseits führte die expansive Bildungspolitik der 60er und 70er Jahre zu einer Umstürzung der Bildungspläne. Auf die ikonoklastische Phase folgte in den 5Oer Jahren die klassizistische Phase.
Wem gehört die Geschichte? : Fakten und Fiktionen in der neueren deutschen Erinnerungsliteratur
(2011)
This essay discusses the distinct features of memory fiction, a new genre that has emerged during the last two decades. It works through memories of the Nazi past and traumatic episodes of the Second World War within new literary frameworks. In this orientation towards the past the memory novel maintains distance from the research of historical reconstruction, as well as from the popular presentation of the past in the visual mass media. With respect to the new literary genre, various questions arise concerning its status and quality. One of these concerns the distinction anti interplay between fictional and documentary features in the new format. Another one has to do with the emphasis on biographical experience that in many cases has become an important trigger and source for the text, endowing it with the stamp of authenticity or moral authority. It is also true, however, that war-related experience, trauma and suffering can no longer be claimed by members of the second and third generation who either write their own lives into the chain of generations connected with the Second World War and the Holocaust, or create a new access to central events of the traumatic national history from the perspective of a fictional private family. In both ways they testify to the aftermath of the traumatic past which, as they show, is still part of the present.