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[book review:] David Penney (Ed) 2013 Spider research in the 21st century – trends and perspectives
(2013)
The latest arachnological publication from Siri Scientific Press is a substantial compendium of spiderrelated topics covering many aspects of these fascinating animals’ biology. As the title suggests, the overarching theme running throughout this work are the advances which have been made in recent years – particularly through the application of novel methods and/or technologies – as well as productive directions for future research. Following an extensive foreword by Norman Platnick, which summarises the book’s main conclusions rather well, the volume itself is divided into nine self-contained and fully referenced chapters. All have been written by acknowledged experts in their fields and all provide an excellent account of the modern literature.
For faunistic research on a certain animal group, knowledge of the situation in surrounding countries is a necessity. The presence of certain species in neighbouring regions, together with notes on their distribution and trends, offers valuable information for the interpretation of the status of these species in one’s own study area. Changes in the national fauna – e.g. the discovery of a new species – can often better be explained when integrating information on the status of species in nearby countries. Distribution atlases are therefore not only valuable publications for the country of concern, but also for other countries in the same region.
Mike Rapport is one of the few scholars who write European history not as the history of a few select countries, but of the entire continent. Rapport is at home in the history of the Balkans as well as France, Italy, Germany, Russia, and Scandinavia, and well versed in the historiography published in English, French, and Italian. Rapport's well-rounded viewpoint is one excellent argument for anyone suffering from "1848 fatigue" after the sesquicentennial celebrations and their aftermath in conference volumes and historiographical reviews to put aside any skepticism regarding the possibility of anyone presenting a novel perspective; the book itself is another. In it, Rapport offers a narrative history of the events of 1848 in those European countries and regions affected directly by the revolution--France, Italy, the German states, Denmark, and Rumania--with some remarks on areas where the impact was more indirect (Britain, Russia, the Ottoman Empire, and Scandinavia). This book is less obviously an academic textbook than Jonathan Sperber's excellent survey of the revolutions of 1848, and less encyclopedic than the survey of national events and overarching themes edited by Dieter Dowe and others for the 1998 anniversary. ...
Rezension zu Stephan Theilig, Türken, Mohren und Tataren. Muslimische (Lebens-) Welten in Brandenburg-Preuβen im 18. Jahrhundert. Berlin, Frank&Timme, 2013
Catharina Gowers, Waldemar Könighaus, Marcus Schütz, Cornelia Scherer, Thorsten Schlauwitz, Victoria Trenkle, Judith Werner und natürlich dem spiritus rector des Unternehmens und einem der besten Kenner der Papstgeschichte, Klaus Herbers, kann man nur den größten Dank aussprechen, dass sie sich der höchst mühsamen und komplizierten Aufgabe angenommen haben, den "Jaffé" in einer dritten Auflage zu überarbeiten. ...
i può probabilmente acconsentire a quel giudizio di Francesco Guicciardini che le capacità, il talento e la saggezza del principe si specchiano anche nella scelta dei suoi ambasciatori. È perciò un aspetto molto affascinante di questo libro il mettere a fuoco gli attori ed esecutori dei potentati ed esaminare la loro interazione e comunicazione con il reggente. Sembra particolarmente interessante studiare gli incaricati di missioni diplomatiche di Massimiliano I visto che queste diedero il via all’ascesa della sua casata – non solo nei regni iberici ma anche in Boemia ed in Ungheria – non per mezzo della guerra, ma mediante la diplomazia, attraverso le trattative e le negoziazioni matrimoniali. Gregor Metzig che dichiara di volersi distaccare, con la sua tesi di dottorato, dalla «storiografia diplomatica convenzionale» e dalla tendenza classica a considerare la «politica europea» di Massimiliano come una «semplice catena di avvenimenti alternanti tra guerre, tregue e riprese delle ostilità tra le case rivaleggianti» (2), si mette sulle tracce di queste persone abili e valenti, gli ambasciatori, che operarono con, per e all’ombra di Massimiliano I e che sono spesso cadute vittime dell’oblio. ...
Every now and again, one is overcome by a sense of utter disbelief. How can it be that some conventional narratives are still so persistent and influential in this day and age? In fact, they are so pervasive that one feels compelled to put pen to paper in order to combat them. Among these narratives, we find the tale of cultural evolution, where law plays a fundamental role as an instrument for rationalizing archaic societies. Having rejected this kind of historiography in his last essay on the early history of law (ZRG RA 127, 1–13), the late Raymond Westbrook instead postulated new paradigms. Moving in the same direction, Philipp Ruch thwarts this story of civilizing progress in a twofold manner: In his eyes, honor and vengeance are not the anthropological factors that law has to contain in order to create civilization. According to Ruch, and the main thrust of his 2016 dissertation, it was in fact law in the context of honor and vengeance that produced emotionality. ...