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When experienced in-person, engagement with art has been associated with positive outcomes in well-being and mental health. However, especially in the last decade, art viewing, cultural engagement, and even ‘trips’ to museums have begun to take place online, via computers, smartphones, tablets, or in virtual reality. Similarly, to what has been reported for in-person visits, online art engagements—easily accessible from personal devices—have also been associated to well-being impacts. However, a broader understanding of for whom and how online-delivered art might have well-being impacts is still lacking. In the present study, we used a Monet interactive art exhibition from Google Arts and Culture to deepen our understanding of the role of pleasure, meaning, and individual differences in the responsiveness to art. Beyond replicating the previous group-level effects, we confirmed our pre-registered hypothesis that trait-level inter-individual differences in aesthetic responsiveness predict some of the benefits that online art viewing has on well-being and further that such inter-individual differences at the trait level were mediated by subjective experiences of pleasure and especially meaningfulness felt during the online-art intervention. The role that participants' experiences play as a possible mechanism during art interventions is discussed in light of recent theoretical models.
Two species of the genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida, Opheliidae) are reported from the coast of Kuwait (Arabian Gulf) after specimens collected in the intertidal and shallow subtidal, namely Ophelina arabica sp. nov. and Ophelina grandis (Pillai, 1961). The new species is mainly characterised by features of the anal tube, which is provided with about 25 annulations at each side; the ventral margins are fully fused while dorsal margins are fused at most of their length but are free at the distal end in the shape of a conspicuous incision; the posterior end is opened with free margins; the anal tube also lacks marginal papillae but bears a pair of basal papillae and an unpaired anal cirrus attached to ventral margin at mid-length. Ophelina grandis is reported for the first time in the Arabian Gulf; specimens are fully described and compared with similar species. A key for species of Ophelina in the Indo-Pacific, Southern Asia, Indo-Malay Archipelago and Australia, is also provided.
Three new species of the genus Pelodera Schneider, 1866 viz., P. indica sp. nov., P. adeeli sp. nov. and P. paratretzeli sp. nov. collected from dung beetles and P. cylindrica (Cobb, 1898) collected from soil samples, are described and illustrated. Pelodera indica sp. nov. is characterised by sexual dimorphism in anterior region, cupola-shaped tail with a spike; males having punctated, striated and lobed bursa with no genital papillae originating anterior to cloaca. Pelodera adeeli sp. nov. is characterised by coarsely annulated cuticle; relatively narrow stoma; tail conoid without spike; males with punctated, lobed bursa and nine pairs of genital papillae arranged in a 2/1+2+P+3+1 configuration. Pelodera paratretzeli sp. nov. is characterised by sexual dimorphism in anterior region, stoma wide with three well-developed metastegostomal denticles; tail cupola-shaped with a long spike; males having spicules fused distally up to 12–14% of spicule length; bursa peloderan, anteriorly closed and punctated with nine pairs of genital papillae arranged in a 3/2+P+3+1 configuration. Pelodera cylindrica is described with additional details. The comparative analysis as well as phylogenetic relationship of the species belonging to the coarctata group have been elaborated by incorporating scanning electron microscopic observations. Information on the biogeographical distribution has also been provided.