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The article presents a chronicle of the town of Kaaden (Kadaň) dating from the 16th century, currently held in Prague's Monastery of Our Lady of the Snows. It explores several aspects of Humanistic urban history writing, including the presence of the author in the text of the chronicle, the methodology of the author's historiographic work, and his choice and use of language (German, Latin). The study also presents this chronicle as an interesting and important source of information on writing practices in north-west Bohemia from a text-analytical perspective.
Historical scholarship on the sixteenth-century neo-scholastic debate about American Indians generally centers on the thought of Francisco de Vitoria. Focusing on Alfonso de Castro’s short treatise Utrum indigenae (1543), this paper challenges both an exclusive concentration on Vitoria as well as the received contention that the thought of the School of Salamanca rendered a single, unified view of Amerindians. In Utrum indigenae, Castro argued that American Indians should be instructed in liberal arts and theology thus constructing a strikingly different image of the peoples of the New World as compared to accounts by Vitoria or Francisco Suárez. While the historian Martin Nesvig has recently proposed an Erasmian humanist contextualization of Castro’s treatise, I argue that the image of American Indians presented in Utrum indigenae testifies to an alternative, novel way of writing about American Indians from within the framework of the School of Salamanca which has so far remained unnoticed.
Filipe Melanchthon é uma das figuras proeminentes na Reforma e no Humanismo renascentista alemães, embora no Brasil esta segunda característica não seja muito bem conhecida. Sua obra como um todo tem uma base teológica com a qual ele pretendia também favorecer os estudos acadêmicos, principalmente, mas não só, no que hoje é chamado de Ciências Humanas. O presente texto mostra como ele utilizou a distinção teológica entre lei e evangelho para configurar o espaço das então assim chamadas 'artes' na universidade pré-moderna alemã tardia. A ênfase aqui está nos estudos literários e linguísticos e na abordagem ética deles, favorecida por ele.
Seine damaligen Zeitgenossen ebenso wie die neuen Leser haben immer wieder Falladas Humanismus hervorgehoben. In seinen Büchern hat er unzähligen Lesern Mut zugesprochen, selbst in den schwierigsten Lebensphasen glauben seine Figuren stets an das Gute, an die Anständigkeit und menschliche Würde. Wenn es aber um seine eigene Person ging, kannte Fallada keine Gnade. Sein Leben war eine taumelnde Selbstzerstörung. Worauf führt Fallada das humane Verhalten seiner Figuren zurück? Dieser Frage versuche ich anhand von drei seiner Romane nachzugehen: "Kleiner Mann - was nun?"(1932), "Wolf unter Wölfen" (1937) und "Jeder stirbt für sich allein" (1947). Berücksichtigt wird auch die damalige Briefkorrespondenz zwischen dem Autor und seinen Zeitgenossen.