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A comprehensive review of the enigmatic genus Masona van Achterberg is provided. Two new species are described from the USA: Masona neon Dal Pos & Martens sp. nov. from Puerto Rico, and Masona wow Dal Pos & Martens sp. nov. from California. A key to the world species of Masona is presented, together with a discussion of the morphology of the genus and an annotated catalogue of the species. [Masona] timpaynei Quicke, 2019, is excluded from Braconidae and placed as incertae sedis in the Ichneumonidae, subfamily Neorhacodinae.
A new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from southern Nevada, USA
(2023)
A new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829, A. raschkoi Westcott (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is described from southern Nevada, USA, and compared to four other species in the genus. Its habitat and means of capture are discussed in detail.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6EA78E6C-AD58-470B-9E9B-2815EA0B9340
Acmaeodera natlovei new species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is described from the southwestern United States. Details of phenology, geographic range, larval, flower and adult host plants, and similar species are discussed. Acmaeodera yuccavora Knull, 1962 is newly synonymized with Acmaeodera conoidea Fall, 1899. Acmaeodera thoracata Knull, 1974 and A. bryanti Van Dyke, 1953 are newly synonymized with Acmaeodera neoneglecta Fisher, 1949. New state and host records are reported for United States. A key to the 46 species of Acmaeodera occurring east of the Rocky Mountain states is provided.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E03CF02E-D212-4AF1-8E3B-5AE3463D2A71
A new species of the spider genus Latrodectus Walckenaer, 1805 from Mexico is described based on an integrative taxonomic approach. Latrodectus occidentalis Valdez-Mondragón sp. nov. is described using the molecular markers cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), morphology of male and female specimens, and Species Distribution Models (SDM). Four molecular methods for species delimitation were implemented. The new species is characterized by having a unique dorsal coloration pattern on the abdomen. Latrodectus occidentalis sp. nov. is considered a distinct and valid species for four reasons: (1) it can be distinguished by morphological characters (genital and somatic); (2) the average interspecific genetic variation is > 2%; (3) 12 haplotypes were recovered within the species, being separated by the next close haplogroup of L. hesperus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 (30 mutations); and (4) congruence was observed among the four molecular methods. The number of recorded species of Latrodectus from Mexico increases to four: Latrodectus mactans (Fabricius, 1775), L. hesperus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935, L. geometricus C.L. Koch, 1841 (introduced), and L. occidentalis sp. nov. The diversity of the genus Latrodectus from Mexico is surely underestimated, and more sampling is needed from the different biogeographical provinces and ecoregions to fill in these gaps.
Megapsyrassa Linsley, 1961 is synonymized with Psyrassa Pascoe, 1866 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Aneflomorpha martini Chemsak and Linsley, 1968 is synonymized with Psyrassa sinaloae Linsley, 1935, and the species is transferred to Aneflomorpha Casey, 1912, new combination. Morphological and chromatic variations in Psyrassa cylindricollis Linsley, 1935 are reported, and a new state record is provided. New records are provided for the following species: Psyrassa atkinsoni (Chemsak and Giesbert, 1986) new combination; P. ebenina Linsley, 1935; and P. nigripes Linsley, 1935. Lastly, four new species of Psyrassa Pascoe, 1866 are described: Psyrassa wappesi García and Santos-Silva, from Mexico (Michoacán); P. sonorensis García and Santos-Silva, from Mexico (Sonora); P. obscuriventris García and Santos-Silva, from Mexico (Jalisco); and P. ocularis García and Santos-Silva, from Guatemala (Zacapa).
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:194F7545-EF7C-44B7-9783-286A8BDEB1EC
Fossils assigned to the predominantly deep-sea asteroid family Benthopectinidae Verrill, 1894 are described and their affinities reappraised. Detailed comparative morphology of ambulacrals, adambulacrals and marginal ossicles has revealed that only some extinct taxa fall within the morphological range of the modern representatives of the family. These include Jurapecten hessi Gale, 2011, J. infrajurensis sp. nov. (both Jurassic), J. dhondtae sp. nov. (Upper Cretaceous) and Nearchaster spinosus (Blake, 1973) comb. nov. (Lower Oligocene). A new Late Cretaceous genus, Punkaster gen. nov. (P. spinifera gen. et sp. nov. and P. ruegenensis gen. et sp. nov.), appears to be a highly derived benthopectinid. A possible benthopectinid is described from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) of China. Other described records are distantly related to, but convergent in gross morphology with, benthopectinids. Thus, Plesiastropecten hallovensis Peyer, 1944 is here referred to the Jurassic spinulosidan family Plumasteridae Gale, 2011 and Xandarosaster hessi Blake, 1984 is interpreted as Spinulosida Perrier, 1884 incertae sedis. The mid-Cretaceous Alkaidia sumralli Blake & Reid, 1998 is reassigned to the Forcipulatida (Zorocallina). The “fossil benthopectinid” of Spencer & Wright in Moore (1966) is shown to belong to the goniopectinid genus Chrispaulia Gale, 2005, of which two new Cretaceous species are described, C. wrightorum sp. nov. and C. spinosa sp. nov. Finally, we consider Henricia? venturana Durham & Roberts, 1948 to be an indeterminate asteroid.
Many early taxonomic works on North American bees were published by Europeans using specimens collected in the New World, some with type locations so imprecise that uncertainty on the nomenclatural status remains to this day. Two examples come from Fabricius (1745–1808) who described Andrena virescens Fabricius, 1775 and Apis viridula Fabricius, 1793 from “America” and “Boreal America”, respectively. The former species of Agapostemon Guérin-Méneville, 1844 occurs across most of the United States and southern Canada, the latter presumed an endemic to Cuba. The type materials of these two taxa have never been compared to each other, though a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis placed both in distinct species groups. Here we synonymize Apis viridula under Ag. virescens, thereby making Ag. femoralis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) available as the name for the Cuban species. A lectotype for Ag. femoralis (the type species for the genus Agapostemon) is hereby designated to stabilize this taxonomy. We also synonymize Ag. obscuratus Cresson, 1869 under Ag. femoralis, suggesting that it represents a dark colour polymorphism. As Ag. cubensis Roberts, 1972 is a junior secondary homonym of Ag. cubensis (Spinola, 1851), we offer Ag. robertsi as a replacement name for the former.
Three new species of Phaea Newman, 1840 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) are described from Mexico: P.quadrimaculata Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species; P.aurantia Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species; and the third, P.tavakiliani Wappes and Santos-Silva, new species, whose specimens were found within the type series of Phaea rufiventris Bates, 1872. Hence, a lectotype is designated for the latter and the new species is described herein.
Two new species of the aphid genus Uroleucon (Hemiptera: Aphididae) living on Grindelia in the USA
(2020)
Here, we present descriptions of two new aphid species of the genus Uroleucon Mordvilko, 1914 (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini), which are associated with the plant genus Grindelia Willd. (Asteraceae). An apterous viviparous female of Uroleucon (Lambersius) robinsoni sp. nov. from Oregon and apterous and alate viviparous females of Uroleucon (Lambersius) grindeliae sp. nov. from Colorado are described and illustrated. Taxonomical notes of the new and other Grindelia-feeding taxa of Uroleucon are given and an updated key to the apterae of the Grindelia-feeding species of Uroleucon in the world is provided.
Reinstatement of Carposina ottawana Kearfott, 1907 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae) as a valid species
(2020)
Carposina ottawana Kearfott, 1907 (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae), revised status, formerly considered a synonym of C. sasakii Matsumura, 1900, is returned to species status. Morphological features that separate the Asian species C. sasakii and C. niponensis Walsingham, 1900 from the North American C. ottawana are described and illustrated. A heuristic maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on the mitochondrial gene cyto-chrome oxidase I (DNA barcode) further supports C. ottawana and C. sasakii as distinct taxa.