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Danubeland scapes have been a recurrent topic in the German-language literature of Southeastern Europe, especially in German literature from Romania, which was the only one to survive the end of the Second World War in the Eastern Bloc. They developed different forms on both-sides of the Iron Curtain. In the West, the Danubeservedas a frame work for the consolidation of a common identity of many disparate groups of former German minorities from Southeastern Europe under the collective name “Danube Swabians”. Additionally, writers from Romania who emi-grated to the West recalled in their works bothwonderful and frightening images of the lower Danube. In Romania, Danube landscapes are to be seen as attempts to negotiate the concept of homeland from a contemporary perspective after its appropriation by the patriotic literature of the court literati. They emergedas a stage for projecting new sensi-tivities: the suffering of isolation, economic misery and environmental pollution. Subversively narrated landscapes also set hidden signs of the memory of the isolated deten-tion camps on the periphery of the country. The transfor-mation of Danube landscapes is analysed by using literary examples after 1945.
Introduction: The worldwide spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) has prompted numerous countries to restrict public life. Related measures, such as limits on social gatherings, business closures, or lockdowns, are expected to considerably reduce the individual opportunities to move outside the home. As physical activity (PA) and sport participation significantly contribute to health, this study has two objectives. The objectives of this study are to assess changes in PA and well-being since the coronavirus outbreak in affected countries. Additionally, we will evaluate the impact of digital home-based exercise programs on PA as well as physical and mental health outcomes.
Method: A multinational network trial will be conducted with three planned phases (A, B, and C). Part A consists of administering a structured survey. It investigates changes in PA levels and health during the coronavirus outbreak and measures the preferences of the participants regarding online training programs. Part B is a two-armed randomized-controlled trial. Participants assigned to the intervention group (IG) will complete a digital 4-week home exercise training (live streaming via internet) guided by the survey results on content and time of program. The control group (CG) will not receive the program. Part C is 4-week access of both CG and IG to a digital archive of pre-recorded workouts from Part B. Similar to Part A, questionnaires will be used in both Part B and C to estimate the effects of exercise on measures of mental and physical health.
Results and Discussion: The ASAP project will provide valuable insights into the importance of PA during a global pandemic. Our initial survey is the first to determine how governmental confinement measures impact bodily and mental well-being. Based on the results, the intervention studies will be unique to address health problems potentially arising from losses in PA. If proven effective, the newly developed telehealth programs could become a significant and easy-to-distribute factor in combating PA decreases. Results of the study may hence guide policy makers on methods to maintain PA and health when being forced to restrict public life.
Study Register: DRKS00021273.
Semi-dry grasslands were once widely distributed communities, but today they represent some of the most vulnerable habitats in Central Europe. European and national legislation and non-governmental organizations have managed to protect some of the remaining fragments. However, despite their status as Natura 2000 habitats, they are often endangered due to improper management, fragmentation and edge effects from adjacent croplands. By using a sample of 44 semi-dry hay meadows in the south-eastern Alpine Foreland of Styria, we investigated how species-richness and trait composition of semi-dry grassland species respond to variation in patch size, connectivity, abiotic site factors and management regimes. We used linear regression models to identify the most important drivers for richness of typical semi-dry grassland species and thus conservation value. The number of typical semi-dry grassland species was highest in well-connected fragments, i.e. units that shared two or more borders with neighbouring species-rich grasslands. Furthermore, large semi-dry grasslands (> 8000 m²) had highest numbers of semi-dry grassland species and highest relevance for conservation; no difference was found among smaller fragment sizes. Unregular management was associated with increased presence of competitive species which replaced stress-tolerant specialists. Our study indicates that under eutrophication, small fragment size and isolation, only large semi-dry grasslands can sustain a high number of species with high conservation value. The conservation value of smaller semi-dry grassland fragments could be improved by buffer zones, adapted mowing treatments and periodical sheep grazing.
This study aims to analysing the exclusively phraseological occurrency of some adjectives taken from German. This phenomenon reffers to the isolation of words and lexical forms out of linguistical and extralinguistical causes, in phraseological sintagmas. Firstly, we will briefly present the main directions in the research of this isolated lexemes. Then, we will analyse the linguistical features specific to these linguistical facts, using as exemples some of the German adjectives.