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Theoretischer Hintergrund: Für die Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) im Jugend- und jungen Erwachsenenalter liegen diverse evidenzbasierte Interventionen (EBIs) vor. Fragestellung: Inwiefern sind EBIs für Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene mit PTBS nach sexualisierter und physischer Gewalt in Deutschland verfügbar? Methode: Es wurden die Daten von 39 Teilnehmenden einer multizentrischen Behandlungsstudie analysiert, die für die Diagnose einer PTBS ambulante Behandlungsempfehlungen erhalten hatten. Ergebnisse: In den folgenden sieben Monaten erhielten 21 der Teilnehmenden eine Behandlung; bei nur acht wurden in deren Rahmen die traumatischen Erfahrungen adressiert. Alle Teilnehmenden verbesserten sich hinsichtlich der PTBS-Symptomatik unabhängig von der Art der Behandlung. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse weisen auf Barrieren für den Zugang zu EBIs in unserer Stichprobe hin. Künftige Forschung sollte die Hintergründe für diese Barrieren fokussieren.
Objectives: There is promising evidence that mindfulness-based interventions are effective in reducing the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, until now, studies have often lacked a full clinical PTSD assessment, and interventions are often administered in addition to other interventions. This study examined the feasibility of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) as a standalone intervention in patients with PTSD who have experienced mixed traumatic events.
Method: Fourteen patients participated in 8 weeks of MBSR. The patients were assessed prior to treatment, post-treatment and at a 1-month follow-up through self-ratings (e.g., the Davidson Trauma Scale) and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale to determine the effects of the intervention. Furthermore, after the intervention, the patients participated in qualitative interviews regarding their experiences with MBSR and their ideas for future improvements.
Results: Nine patients finished the program, and these patients considered the exercises to be applicable and helpful. In the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, we found large effects regarding the reduction of PTSD symptoms among completers (Cohen's d = 1.2). In the Davidson Trauma Scale, the effect sizes were somewhat lower (Cohen's d = 0.6) but nevertheless confirmed the efficacy of MBSR in reducing PTSD symptoms. In the qualitative interviews, the patients reported an augmentation of wellbeing and improvement regarding the handling of difficult situations and more distance from the traumatic event.
Conclusion: Despite the large effects, the high dropout rates and the results of the post-treatment interviews suggest that the intervention should be better adapted to the needs of PTSD patients, e.g., by giving more information regarding the exercises and by including shorter exercises to manage acute distress.