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Im Montafon, das im Süden des österreichischen Bundeslandes Vorarlberg liegt, befindet sich eines der ältesten kleinen Montanreviere. Zwischen St. Anton im Norden und St. Gallenkirch im Süden befinden sich an zahlreichen Stellen Hinweise auf alten Bergbau, wobei sich die umfangreichsten Relikte in den ehemaligen Bergbaurevieren in den Gewannen Knappagruaba und Worms am Bartholomäberg sowie auf dem Kristberg im Silbertal finden. Es handelt sich um verschiedene Hinterlassenschaften des historischen Bergbaus, meist sind es unterschiedlich große Halden mit Taubgestein, runde Schachtpingen und verstürzte Stollenmundlöcher, die in zwei Fällen – dem sog. Barbara Stollen und dem St. Anna Stollen – oberhalb von Bartholomäberg in der Knappagruaba, heute wieder freigelegt wurden und als Schaubergwerk zugänglich sind.
Der Kristberg liegt am Ostende des Davenna-Massivs, ein Bergmassiv, das zwischen dem Klostertal im Norden und der Ill im Montafon im Süden liegt. Als Kristberg wird ein 1465 m hoch gelegener Sattel zwischen dem Itonskopf (2100 m üNN) im Westen und dem Mutjöchle (2010 m üNN) im Osten bezeichnet. Südlich unterhalb des Sattels liegt die Bergknappenkirche St. Agatha und der Panoramagasthof Kristberg inmitten einer heute noch gut erhaltenen Haldenlandschaft des mittelalterlichen bis neuzeitlichen Bergbaus.
Die Studie von Bernhard S. Heeb beschäftigt sich mit dem Naturraum und den prähistorischen Hinterlassenschaften im alpinen Rheintal zwischen Bodensee und der Stadt Sargans im Kanton St. Gallen vom Beginn der Besiedlung im Neolithikum bis zum Auftreten der Römer. Mit in die Untersuchung einbezogen werden die Seitentäler Walgau und Seeztal. Das Gebiet umfasst die bis zu 14 km breite Schwemmebene des Rheins und die teils weit über 2.000 m hohen, das Rheintal umgebenden Gebirgszüge. Insgesamt wurden 542 Fundstellen (Siedlungen, Gräber, Depots, Brandopferplätze und Einzelfunde) aus St. Gallen, Vorarlberg und Liechtenstein aufgenommen und in Bezug zu ihrer naturräumlichen Umgebung ausgewertet. Eine besondere Stellung im prähistorischen Siedlungsgefüge nehmen die so genannten Inselberge ein. Dabei handelt es sich um topographisch exponierte Berge inmitten der weiten Ebene des Bodenseerheintals, die zu allen Perioden aufgesucht und besiedelt wurden.
Ein Hauptaugenmerk der Arbeit liegt auf der verkehrsgeographischen Bedeutung des Bodenseerheintals. Das Tal öffnet sich wie ein Trichter nach Norden zum Bodensee hin und führt nach Süden über den Verlauf des Vorder- und Hinterrheins mit deren jeweiligen Seitentälern auf verschiedenen Passwegen nach Norditalien, so dass es in allen prähistorischen Perioden seit dem Neolithikum einen wichtigen Durchgang durch die Alpen darstellt.
Schon zu Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts rückten alpine Brandopferplätze in das Bewusstsein der archäologischen Forschung. Ihr Bestand wuchs in den folgenden Jahrzehnten stetig an, so dass heute mehr als 100 solcher prähistorischen Kultorte, vor allem im ostalpinen Bereich, bekannt sind. Der urnenfelderzeitliche Brandopferplatz Altenstadt-Grütze, nördlich der Stadt Feldkirch im Vorarlber-ger Rheintal gelegen, wurde in den Jahren 1954, 1955 und 1957 vom damaligen Direktor des Vorarl-berger Landesmuseums Dr. Emil Vonbank ausgegraben, jedoch nie von ihm veröffentlicht. Die Fundstelle ist aus mehreren Gründen bemerkenswert: Sowohl die baulichen Strukturen, wie auch die Lage abseits der Gebirgshöhen in der weiten Schwemmebene des Rheintals, sind im Kontext alpiner Brandopferplätze einmalig. Das reiche Fundinventar besteht unter anderem aus mehreren Tausend Keramikfragmenten. Dabei handelt es sich zum größten Teil um Material der Urnenfelder-kultur, allerdings zeigt etwa ein Fünftel des Bestandes Merkmale der südalpinen Laugen-Melaun Kultur. Hinzu kommen über 40 bronzene Gegenstände und zahlreiche verbrannte Tierknochen sowie Pflanzen- und Speisereste, die einen detaillierten Einblick in die Opferpraxis des späten 2. Jahrtausends vor Christus ermöglichen.
Mehr als 50 Jahre nach Grabungsende liegen die Ergebnisse nun erstmals umfassend in publizierter Form vor.
Using initial-state radiation events from a total integrated luminosity of 11.957 fb−1 of 𝑒+𝑒− collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 3.773 and 4.258 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, the cross section for the process 𝑒+𝑒−→Λ¯Λ is measured in 16 Λ¯Λ invariant mass intervals from the production threshold up to 3.00 GeV/𝑐2. The results are consistent with previous results from BABAR and BESIII, but with better precision and with narrower Λ¯Λ invariant mass intervals than BABAR.
Based on a data sample of (448.1±2.9)×106 ψ(3686) decays collected with the BESIII experiment, a search for the flavor changing neutral current transition ψ(3686) → Λ+cp¯¯¯e+e−+c.c. is performed for the first time. No signal candidates are observed and the upper limit on the branching fraction of ψ(3686) → Λ+cp¯¯¯e+e− is determined to be 1.7×10−6 at the 90\% confidence level. The result is consistent with expectations from the Standard Model, and no evidence for new physics is found.
The Born cross section for the process e+e−→pp¯ is measured using the initial state radiation technique with an undetected photon. This analysis is based on datasets corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.5 fb−1, collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at center of mass energies between 3.773 and 4.600 GeV. The Born cross section for the process e+e−→pp¯ and the proton effective form factor are determined in the pp¯ invariant mass range between 2.0 and 3.8 GeV/c2 divided into 30 intervals. The proton form factor ratio (|GE|/|GM|) is measured in 3 intervals of the pp¯ invariant mass between 2.0 and 3.0 GeV/c2.
Using an electron-positron collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93~fb−1 collected with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, we search for the baryon and lepton number violating decays D0→p¯e+ and D0→pe−. No obvious signals are found with the current statistics. The upper limits on the branching fractions for D0→p¯e+ and D0→pe− are set to be 1.2×10−6 and 2.2×10−6 at 90\% confidence level, respectively.
Using (27.12±0.14)×108 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we present the first observation of the decays χcJ→ΛΛ¯ω, where J=0,1,2, with statistical significances of 11.7σ,11.2σ, and 11.8σ. The branching fractions of these decays are determined to be B(χc0→ΛΛ¯ω)=(2.37±0.22±0.23)×10−4, B(χc1→ΛΛ¯ω)=(1.01±0.10±0.11)×10−4, and B(χc2→ΛΛ¯ω)=(1.40±0.13±0.17)×10−4, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. We observe no clear intermediate structures.
Using (2712.4 ± 14.3)×106 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, a partial wave analysis of the decay ψ(3686)→ϕηη′ is performed with the covariant tensor approach. An axial-vector state with a mass near 2.3 GeV/c2 is observed for the first time. Its mass and width are measured to be 2316 ±9stat±30systMeV/c2 and 89 ±15stat±26systMeV, respectively. The product branching fractions of B(ψ(3686)→X(2300)η′)B(X(2300)→ϕη) and B(ψ(3686)→X(2300)η)B(X(2300)→ϕη′) are determined to be (4.8 ±1.3stat±0.7syst)×10−6 and (2.2 ±0.7stat±0.7syst)×10−6, respectively. The branching fraction B(ψ(3686)→ϕηη′) is measured for the first time to be (3.14±0.17stat±0.24syst)×10−5.
The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
Based on 14.7 fb−1 of e+e− annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at 17 different center-of-mass energies between 3.7730 GeV and 4.5995 GeV, Born cross sections of the two processes e+e−→pp¯η and e+e−→pp¯ω are measured for the first time. No indication of resonant production through a vector state V is observed, and upper limits on the Born cross sections of e+e−→V→pp¯η and e+e−→V→pp¯ω at the 90% confidence level are calculated for a large parameter space in resonance masses and widths. For the current world average parameters of the ψ(4230) of m=4.2187 GeV/c2 and Γ=44 MeV, we find upper limits on resonant production of the pp¯η and pp¯ω final states of 7.5 pb and 10.4 pb at the 90% CL, respectively.
Based on 14.7 fb−1 of e+e− annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at 17 different center-of-mass energies between 3.7730 GeV and 4.5995 GeV, Born cross sections of the two processes e+e−→pp¯η and e+e−→pp¯ω are measured for the first time. No indication of resonant production through a vector state V is observed, and upper limits on the Born cross sections of e+e−→V→pp¯η and e+e−→V→pp¯ω at the 90% confidence level are calculated for a large parameter space in resonance masses and widths. For the current world average parameters of the ψ(4230) of m=4.2187 GeV/c2 and Γ=44 MeV, we find upper limits on resonant production of the pp¯η and pp¯ω final states of 7.5 pb and 10.4 pb at the 90% CL, respectively.
Search for rare decays of Dₛ⁺ to final states π⁺e⁺e⁻, ρ⁺e⁺e⁻, π⁺π⁰e⁺e⁻, K⁺π⁰e⁺e⁻, and Kₛ⁰π⁺e⁺e⁻
(2024)
Using 7.33~fb−1 of e+e− collision data collected by the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies in the range of s√=4.128−4.226~GeV, we search for the rare decays D+s→h+(h0)e+e−, where h represents a kaon or pion. By requiring the e+e− invariant mass to be consistent with a ϕ(1020), 0.98<M(e+e−)<1.04 ~GeV/c2, the decay D+s→π+ϕ,ϕ→e+e− is observed with a statistical significance of 7.8σ, and evidence for the decay D+s→ρ+ϕ,ϕ→e+e− is found for the first time with a statistical significance of 4.4σ. The decay branching fractions are measured to be B(D+s→π+ϕ,ϕ→e+e−)=(1.17+0.23−0.21±0.03)×10−5, and B(D+s→ρ+ϕ,ϕ→e+e−)=(2.44+0.67−0.62±0.16)×10−5, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. No significant signal for the three four-body decays of D+s→π+π0e+e−, D+s→K+π0e+e−, and D+s→K0Sπ+e+e− is observed. For D+s→π+π0e+e−, the ϕ mass region is vetoed to minimize the long-distance effects. The 90% confidence level upper limits set on the branching fractions of these decays are in the range of (7.0−8.1)×10−5.
Using a data sample of (448.1±2.9)×106 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we present measurements of branching fractions for the decays χcJ→Σ+Σ¯− and Σ0Σ¯0. The decays χc1,2→Σ+Σ¯− and Σ0Σ¯0 are observed for the first time, and the branching fractions for χc0→Σ+Σ¯− and Σ0Σ¯0 decays are measured with improved precision. The branching fraction ratios between the charged and neutral modes are consistent with the prediction of isospin symmetry.
We report on a comparison of two possible Λ+c spin hypotheses, J=12 and 32, via the process e+e−→Λ+cΛ¯−c, using the angular distributions of Λ+c decays into pK0S, Λπ+, Σ0π+, and Σ+π0. The data were recorded at s√=4.6 GeV with the BESIII detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 587 pb−1. The Λ+c spin is determined to be J=12, with this value favored over the 32 hypothesis with a significance corresponding to more than 6 Gaussian standard deviations.
Measurement of e⁺e⁻ → KK̄J/ψ cross sections at center-of-mass energies from 4.189 to 4.600 GeV
(2018)
We investigate the process e+e−→KK¯J/ψ at center-of-mass energies from 4.189 to 4.600 GeV using 4.7 fb−1 of data collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The Born cross sections for the reactions e+e−→K+K−J/ψ and K0SK0SJ/ψ are measured as a function of center-of-mass energy. The energy dependence of the cross section for e+e−→K+K−J/ψ is shown to differ from that for π+π−J/ψ in the region around the Y(4260). In addition, there is evidence for a structure around 4.5 GeV in the e+e−→K+K−J/ψ cross section that is not present in π+π−J/ψ.
Using 448.1 × 106 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, we employ a single-baryon tagging technique to make the first observation of ψ(3686) → Ξ(1530)−Ξ¯(1530)+ and Ξ(1530)−Ξ¯+ decays with a statistical significance of more than 10σ and 5.0σ, respectively. The branching fractions are measured to be B[ψ(3686)→Ξ(1530)−Ξ¯(1530)+] = (11.45 ± 0.40 ± 0.59) × 10−5 and B[ψ(3686)→Ξ(1530)−Ξ¯+] = (0.70 ± 0.11 ± 0.04) × 10−5. The angular distribution parameter for ψ(3686) → Ξ(1530)−Ξ¯(1530)+ is determined to be α = 0.40 ± 0.24 ± 0.06, which agrees with the theoretical predictions within 1σ. The first uncertainties are statistical, and the second systematic.
Venezuela’s diverse land ecosystems are grouped into four major regions (coast-islands, low plains, hills and mountains), ranging from sea level up to 4978 m. The Scarabaeinae (Scarabaeidae, Coleoptera) currently encompass 278 genera and 6837 species worldwide, but are poorly inventoried in Venezuela. We reviewed the literature and the material housed at the entomological collection of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (CEMT), Cuiabá, Brazil, and found 32 genera and 149 species of dung beetles as certainly present in Venezuela. Twenty-four of these species are, as far as current knowledge goes, endemic to the country, while another 34 are restricted to Venezuela and the neighbouring countries of Colombia, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago, and Guyana. Additionally, 36 species are deemed potential inhabitants of the country, whilst 14 others previously recorded in the literature as part of the Venezuelan fauna are here concluded not to be actually present there. Complete literature is listed for each genus and species, and information on type material, material examined, worldwide distribution, and Venezuelan records is also presented.
Using a sample of (27.12±0.14)×108 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, the decay ψ(3686)→ΛΛ¯η′ with η′ subsequently decaying into γπ+π− and ηπ+π− is observed for the first time. The branching fraction of ψ(3686)→ΛΛ¯η′ is measured to be (7.34±0.94(stat.)±0.43(sys.))×10−6. No resonant structures are evident in the Λη′, Λ¯η′ and ΛΛ¯ mass spectra.
he absolute branching fraction of Λ→pμ−ν¯μ is reported for the first time based on an e+e− annihilation sample of ten billion J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at s√=3.097 GeV. The branching fraction is determined to be B(Λ→pμ−ν¯μ)=[1.48±0.21(stat)±0.08(syst)]×10−4, which is a significant improvement in precision over the previous indirect measurements. Combining this result with the world average of B(Λ→pe−ν¯e), we obtain the ratio, Γ(Λ→pμ−ν¯μ)Γ(Λ→pe−ν¯e), to be 0.178±0.028, which agrees with the standard model prediction assuming lepton flavor universality. The asymmetry of the branching fractions of Λ→pμ−ν¯μ and Λ¯→p¯μ+νμ is also determined, and no evidence for CP violation is found.