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This paper gives a brief overview of computation models for data stream processing, and it introduces a new model for multi-pass processing of multiple streams, the so-called mp2s-automata. Two algorithms for solving the set disjointness problem with these automata are presented. The main technical contribution of this paper is the proof of a lower bound on the size of memory and the number of heads that are required for solving the set disjointness problem with mp2s-automata.
Ich werde allerdings noch zur Diskussionskultur in den USA gegen Ende meines Vortrages zu sprechen kommen. Heute möchte ich über meine aktuelle Studie zum Münzhandel in Nordamerika referieren. Obwohl ich mein Hauptaugenmerk auf die Situation in den USA lenke, sind selbstverständlich viele Aspekte auf Europa übertragbar. Zuerst möchte ich den Handel mit Neufunden darlegen. Es ist wichtig darauf hinzuweisen, dass sich viele Händler und Sammler, besonders in den Vereinigten Staaten, darauf berufen, dass der Handel mit antiken Münzen in keinem Zusammenhang mit der Raubgräberei und dem Handel anderer antiker Objekte steht. Danach möchte ich den Umfang des Handels mit Neufunden besprechen und aufzeigen, wie Münzen aus Raubgrabungen über illegale Transaktionen und kriminelle Strukturen von der Ausgrabungsstätte über Schmuggler, Großhändler und spezialisierte Händler schließlich zu den Sammlern gelangen. Ich hoffe, wir stimmen alle dahingehend überein, dass die Probleme eines nicht-regulierten Handels sowohl für die Wissenschaft als auch für die Sammler verheerend sein können. Daher ist es im Interesse beider Seiten diesbezüglich zu kooperieren. Ich bin sehr zuversichtlich, dass das Verhältnis von Sammlern, Händlern und Archäologen in Deutschland ebenso wie im gesamten Europa größere Möglichkeiten für einen ehrlichen Dialoge und positive Änderungen zulassen als in den USA, worauf ich ebenfalls eingehen möchte. ...
This article discusses the divergent status of the two particles lé and lá in the grammar of Konkomba, a Gur language (Niger-Congo) of the Gurma subgroup. While previous studies claim that both particles are focus markers, this author argues that only the particle lá should be analyzed as a pure pragmatic device. Distributional studies suggest that the use of particle lé, on the other hand, is only required under specific focus conditions, and primarily represents a syntactic device.
0. Introduction 1. Observations concerning the structure of morphosyntactically marked focus constructions 1.1 First observation: SF vs. NSF asymmetry 1.2 Second observation: NSF-NAR parallelism 1.3 Affirmative ex-situ focus constructions (SF, NSF), and narrative clauses (NAR) 2. Grammaticalization 2.1 Cleft hypothesis 2.2 Movement hypothesis 2.3 Narrative hypothesis 2.3.1 Back- or Foregrounding? 2.3.2 Converse directionality of FM and conjunction 3. Language specific analysis 4. Conclusionary remarks References
Focus expressions in Yom
(2005)
In our presentation we will outline the verb system of Lelemi and concentrate on certain “focal” aspects which are of primary interest to us. Lelemi has two TAMP paradigms: one constituting the so-called “simple tenses”, the other the so-called “relative tenses” (Allan 1973), although not every “simple tense” has a counterpart in the “relative tenses”. The simple paradigm is formed by subject prefixes (prefixed pronouns for 1st or 2nd person and noun class pronouns for 3rd persons) and the verb form whereas the relative paradigm is build up by the obligatory use of an external subject noun, an invariable verb prefix, and the verb form. While the simple paradigm is used in quite a lot of syntactic environments the relative paradigm only shows up in relative clauses with the subject being the head as well as in subject and sentence focus constructions including questions concerning the subject. We will show some interesting interactions between the grammatical expression of focus and the verb system and sketch the grammaticalisation path of the morpheme nà.
Research on adverbials in sentence-medial position in the North- Ghanaian Gur language Buli suggests that the language offers two divergent slots for adverbials between subject and verb. Special attention is paid to the group of sentence-medial deictic temporal adverbials. While they have the potential to develop into tense markers, this process seems to depend on special information structural conditions.
Focus in Gur and Kwa
(2006)
The project investigates focus phenomena in the two genetically relatedWest African Gur and Kwa language groups of the Niger-Congo phylum. Most of its members are tone languages, they are similar with respect to word order typology (all are SVO languages), but of divergent morphological type (agglutinating Gur versus isolating Kwa).
Focus expressions in Foodo
(2006)
This talk concerns the copula system in Buli, a Ghanaian language which has also been attested in Bahia (Rodrigues 1935, Zwernemann 1968). Special focus will be put on the categorization of two copula-reminiscent elements for which I will propose a discoursepragmatic analysis.