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The life of humans goes on through the coincidence of time and space. Every human has a different environment in life. According to Otto Friedrich Bollnow, humans can have prosperous and healthy life if they set up a balance between their lives in and outside their homes. This idea has been confirmed in the German author Herrad Schenk’s ,,Am Ende” and the Turkish author Orhan Pamuk’s ,,Die Geschichte des Prinzen” (,,Das schwarze Buch”) . It is the aim of this study to examine comparatively this balance expressed in both books.
The century-long historical and political power exercised by the Ottoman Empire in Southern Europe has left deep scars in the Romanian culture and even in the Romanian language. Consequently, there is still an area in which the oriental world is very much alive and this is Dobrudja. The costal town Balchik, situated in Dobrudja, is intensely illustrated as a gateway to the Orient in the Romanian literature and paintings of the 1920s and 1930s. Nevertheless, the way the Romanian-German authors (Oskar Walter Cisek, Adolf Meschendörfer) deal with this charming oriental world represents an exception. Cisek’s interest for Balchik is instinctively stirred by the oriental-Balkan atmosphere of his hometown Bucharest: In the novel “Die Tatarin”/“The Tatar” (1929), the author identifies the foundation for “the discovery” of the oriental-Balkan influenced Romanian Black Sea coast in the local German-language literature.The honeymoon places the protagonists of Adolf Meschendörfer’s novel “Der Büffelbrunnen”/“The Bufallo-Fountain” (1935) in Mangea Punar, today Costineşti, a small town on the Romanian Black Sea coast, which in the interwar period was populated by the Germans from Banat. In this way, the oriental world of Dobrudja is integrated into the text. Compared to Oskar Walter Cisek’s Balchik, Mangea Punar is only one episode from all the events portrayed in the book, because the story of the novel is mostly set in Kronstadt (Brasov). Meschendörfer’s dealing with this exotic region represents a unique endeavor for the Transylvanian Saxon literature of the 20th Century.
Musik als ethische Disziplin : zu einem zentralen Aspekt in Augustins früher Schrift De musica
(2010)
Augustins frühe Schrift De musica ist neben Boethius’ De institutione musica und weiteren Äußerungen Augustins über Musik in anderen Schriften eine der zentralen Quellen für die Frühzeit der christlich-abendländischen Musikanschauung und hat diese bis in die Neuzeit hinein geprägt. Die sechs Bücher dieses Werkes haben in der Rezeption allerdings unterschiedliche Beachtung gefunden, da das sechste mehr christlich-philosophisch ausgerichtete Buch sich in Stil und Inhalt von den anderen fünf eher technisch ausgerichteten Büchern deutlich unterscheidet. Dies hat in der Forschung zu unterschiedlichen Spekulationen über die literarische und inhaltliche Einheitlichkeit von De musica geführt, zumal sich eine Überarbeitung des sechsten Buches tatsächlich nachweisen lässt. Es hat auch dazu geführt, dass in Untersuchungen zu dieser Schrift oft nur vom sechsten Buch ausgegangen und von den ersten fünf Büchern abgesehen wurde. Auch der in der folgenden Darstellung akzentuierte – und bisher kaum beachtete – Aspekt wird hauptsächlich im sechsten Buch greifbar. Dennoch wird als Neuansatz versucht, diesen in die als einheitlich zu erweisende Gesamtkonzeption aller sechs Bücher einzubetten. Dieser Aspekt betrifft die ethische Dimension der Schrift. Sie, so die Grundthese, stellt vom ersten Buch an einen zentralen Strang des Werkes dar. ...
The subject of this article is to research the Turkish and Turkey’s image presented in the coursebooks teaching German as a foreign language. From this point of view, most of the coursebooks produced with the aim of teaching German as a foreign language in the last 20-25 years have been examined, how these coursebooks present the Turks and Turkey’s image has been determined, and thus the Turkish image in the coursebooks has been summed up under four headings.
This is a linguistic study in which applied discourse analysis is used. It is functional comparison of argument examples, such as ‘Mesela’, ‘Örneğin’ and ‘Beispiel’, ‘Beispielsweise’ in authentic discourse texts. It has been observed wether both languages show the same function or not.
In this study, the student mistakes, in the collaborative writing project, will be discussed. The texts written in the computer lab are sent to the instructor through internet and the teacher underlines the mistakes made by learners and sends the texts back to the students. The students get feedback both from teachers and from peers when they are writing and correcting their mistakes. Since the learners are either in their preparatory or 1st year, the common mistakes made by the students are incorrect structure usage, inappropriate linguistic use, overgeneralizations or mother tongue transfers. These errors result from their limited foreign language knowledge.
Literaturwissenschaft und Translation : die Notwendigkeit translationswissenschaftlicher Theorien
(2010)
Translation activity has been the analyzing object of various disciplines, particularly Linguistics and Literature for centuries. The attempts of these disciplines to explain translation activity have always been inadequate. Holmes has drawn the attention to these problems by his paper which he has delivered at a congress in 1972 and emphasized the necessity of a new discipline. In the light of these developments, translation studies emerged in 70's and brought along many discussions. These discussions have revolved around the attempts of literature and lingusitics to explain translation activity. Starting question of our study is as follows; "Do the literary theories adequate enough to justify translation activities?" As an answer to our prompting question, this study aims to verify that literary theories are inadequate to explain and justify translation activity.
Despite the everyday presence of disasters in the media and a growing number of disaster movies made in Germany, there is only a small amount of disaster literature in contemporary German writing. This article aims to explore, how disasters are enacted in different ways in contemporary novels, film and media in German language by comparing Frank Schätzing’s beststeller “Der Schwarm”, Tomas Glavinic’s “Die Arbeit der Nacht” and the movie “Die Sturmflut.”
The "Turkish book" (Türckenbüchlein) took a place in the german literature, especially at the 16 th. century. War between these two cultures, has been one of the main elements determining for the image of the Turks in this age. These books, about the cruelties of the Turks, make the Christian society brave and call them to fight against the Turks. This article aims to illustrate the function of the books on the basis of representative exemples as Johannes Brenz and Bernhardin Türck.
Frauen- und Männerstimmen in Medien (Moderatorinnen und Moderatoren in Rundfunk und Fernsehen)
(2010)
Just 30 % of the effect of female and male speakers are activated by the lexems and sentences. 70 % are activated by paraverbal and extraverbal constituents. A deep voice is associated with authority and objectivity. We can realise this phenomenon at male voices. Women never reach such a deepness in their voices Their voice is sensed more expressive and it activates stereotypes like „emotional“ and „trivial“. The contents of female speakers are not taken as seriously as the contents of male speakers.
Türkische Germanistik: Alternativen für eine realitätsnahe, inhaltliche und methodische Gestaltung
(2010)
It seems that philologies function as the centers for teaching foreign language from the angle of society. Although this kind of idea is not totally true, some problems in practice take attention. Theoretical knowledge is given in the linguistics and literature classes, but analytical and critical suggestions are rarely made in the lectures. This situation creates a contradiction between the students and the transfer of scientific idea and knowledge. If the lessons are not student-centered they will not motivate students. Shortly, the relation between theory and practice should take its place in teaching.
For making students think critically in literature and linguistics classes, from the respect of method and content, the subjects in the lessons should be questioned and discussed. But historical prejudices belonging to cultures should not be evaluated radically. Turkish Germanistics should be shaped in the respect of theory and content by thinking globally but not violating the essential principles of germanistics.
The article shows that Heinrich Rückert is one of the most interesting voices within the corpus of texts showing German encounters with Islam in the 19th century. While actual reflections on the European and American relation to Islam are largely influenced by a point of view stressing a “Clash of Civilisations” (Samuel Huntington), especially after 9/11, Rückert's occupation with the texts and poems of Mevlana Rumi shows that the humanistic and poetic implications of Rumi’s work helped Rückert to find a poetic language that placed itself in the tradition of Goethes’s “West-östlicher Divan” and a German pantheism that is to be seen in the context of the “Spinoza renaissance” at the beginning of the 19th century. Islamic culture is in Rückert’s work a part of the heritage of mankind and of a humanism that goes far beyond the limits of eurocentrism.
During 1933 and 1939, the Swiss author, journalist and photographer Annemarie Schwarzenbach visited the so-called »Orient« four times. In the intellectual history of the West this part of the world was considered the topography of the »Other«. So the model of dichotomy between the two sexes, predominating the society of the 19th century, got an equivalent outside. A male and strong Europe was opposed to a female and weak East so that the »Orient« became the embodiment of challenging sexuality and devoted feminity. First Schwarzenbach regarded Turkey just as one station of the first and last journey on her way to Persia and Afghanistan, but in her texts it turns out to be a country, which is characterized by a male force („eine männliche Kraft“). Turkey’s female inhabitants get a specific role: They are the standard according to which women from other countries are described. For the European protagonists Turkey is the starting point of their search to a border („Schwelle“) to cross. This process also shifts the established borders of hegemonic discourses. Categories like »me« versus »the other« or »own« versus »strange« become deconstructed for the benefit of polyphonic concepts of identity, which in turn include breaks and contradictions. Thus the literary subject moves between finding and dissolving itself. The article demonstrates that Schwarzenbach´s texts about Turkey include writing techniques that evolve different processes regarding the identity of gender and culture.
The argument that worldwide globalization will lead to a cultural homogenization is rarely acceptable for literary translation. German authors are still translated into Turkish, and the classics are retranslated. In view of Translation Studies, retranslations are very interesting because for being justified they are required to be superior to previous translation(s). This challenge is especially immense if it is the translation of an author like Heinrich von Kleist, whose narrative language is not only well-known but also exceptional. The aim of this study is to analyze the individual strategies of the Turkish translators and to demonstrate on examples whether they had been successful on their aim to satisfy Kleist’s specific literary style. The study is done on the example of the novella “Die Marquise von O...” (1808). For the analysis, the translations of Melâhat Togar (1952), Alev Yalnız (1992) and Ayalp Talun İnce (2004) are examined with regard to their distinctive strengths and weaknesses.
In Turkey currently there are about 20 Translation Studies departments with over 4000 students in six different languages. All these departments generally include a final project in their curriculum in the last two semesters, where the students have to prove their translation competence. In the literature and at the web sites of the Translation Studies departments in Turkey and abroad there is very little teaching material about these final projects while these projects are invaluable for the prospective translators. Therefore these projects have to be arranged as very functional, effective and representative of the translation reality. While the connection to the real translation market is assured, the students have to demonstrate their translation competence. Thus all Translation Studies departments have to consider these conditions and to organize this course under the real conditions of translation market and taking into consideration translation theory as well.
The main theme in the three scenes and one stage theatre play called "Lawyers" which was written by Rolf Hochhuth in 1980 is "death". The date in the play goes back to May 1978 when the body of the Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro was found. In the play, the minister Heilmeyer is a lawyer like his daughter Tina and his prospective son-in-law Dieter. However, Heilmeyer worked as a judge at the times of Hitler's Germany. It is seen that lawyers from two different generations encounter topics like death, death sentence, suicide, right to kill and survive. Hochhuth not only questions his own society with a critical attitude and but also he keeps on becoming the conscience of the society with the chronological narrative and the play in which the ideas are associated. The play is analyzed in the light of the perspectives of social reality and readers.
The mediation of German cultural studies has become a firm component of the foreign language lessons, because without knowledge about the culture of the target language communication cannot succeed. However, the aim of the study of the German cultural study lessons should not be to provide a comprehensive picture for the purposes of the actual study of the culture and geography, but to choose from the contents with the help of which then an intercultural competence can be developed. The concept "German cultural studies" is extended by the component "intercultural", so that now we speak of „German cultural and intercultural studies“. This contribution would like to point out which developments the field „German cultural and intercultural studies“ has taken in Turkey and which role the study of intercultural aspects plays in the German lessons at school and in the teacher advanced training. Furthermore this contribution would like to introduce the teaching draughts which were sketched for the teaching field “German cultural and intercultural studies” in the German teacher training. Moreover, it should be discussed with which subjects and methodical possibilities the learning aim of an intercultural competence can be reached.
This article compares the noun plural systems of ten Germanic languages focusing on the number of allomorphs, their formal shape and the assignment principles used for allomorph distribution. It further aims at identifying the interrelating factors, categories, and features decisive for the very different ways in which plural allomorphy is organized in languages of the same origin. The major relevant factors are pointed out with special emphasis on the role of gender, semantic and rhythmic assignment, and the role of high token frequency. On formal grounds, the fusion vs. separation of case and number as well as the role of zero morphology vs. redundant marking, of stem alternation and the direction of influence between stem and affix are discussed.