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Im Geflecht der Identitäten : Kulturgeschichtliches, dargestellt am Beispiel von János Bolyai
(2015)
The Transylvanian-born János Bolyai (1802-1860) never ceases to attract the attention of all those interested in the history of science, as he is one of the founders of non-Euclidean geometry. Bolyai also concerns the philosophy researchers, due to a social utopia, which he presents in his works, unpublished during his lifetime. From older and newer documentation, it is known that the Hungarian Bolyai nobility descent also has a German origin, from German Grafs. On the Calvaserului Valley, situated north of the Hârtibaciului Valley, lies the Buia parish, named Bolya by the Hungarians, Bell by the Germans, where the Bolyai family owned an estate and a castle. In this work, the author presents approaches concerning the genealogy of János Bolyai and reports about visits to the places where Bolyai has lived, such as Buia, Domald (Viişoara parrish) and Târgu Mureş.
Sibylle Berg develops in her novel Der Mann schläft a new, nihilistic definition of love. Nietzsche considers that modern mankind killed the god in itself, Dürrenmatt shows the absolute hopelessness of the postmodern society and Berg presents the end of all known forms of love. For her protagonist it is enough to have found someone who needs her as much as she needs him to feel save and complete. But “the man” disappears during a journey to Asia while going to buy some papers. After waiting for three month for him to return she decides to stay there for the rest of her miserable life. The novel has an interesting structure, the story is told in dozens of short scenes, not in a chronological order but reffering to the period with “the man” and without him that confers to it a certain dramatic touch.
This paper tries to present Ernst Jüngerʼs perception of „the enemy“ in his first publication, the novellike, personal report on his experiences in WW I, „Storm of Steel“, published for the first time in 1920. Interestingly his characterization of the French, English, Scottish – and a squad of Indian – Soldiers varies in the different editions of this work, which suffered six to seven revisons (the last one for editing the opera omnia in 1978). While especially the 1924 edition had a nationalistic bias, as Jünger for example mocked on French civilization, such passages were eliminated during a revison in 1934. Generally, also in the earlier editions, Jüngerʼs approach towards describing the enemy is distinguished by high respect and an outmoded chevalersque ethos of a warrioar-caste, which was in WW I already part of the historical past. Only some traces of every-day racism, typical for the German imperial age, found its way also in the last editions: the description of colonial military forces (Moroccans, Indians).
According to Arthur Rimbaud’s famous saying “Je est un autre” Max Frisch develops in his early diaries an idea of love which has to orient itself by the ban on images in the Old Testament and which, as a modern concept, has to renounce every image of oneself and the other at all. In Max Frisch’s novel Stiller the roots of this seemingly biblical belief can be found both in an aesthetic attitude towards life (as pointed out in Sören Kierkegaardʼs scriptures, especially in Entweder-Oder) and in an existentialist understanding of life (as set forth in the philosophical work of Jean-Paul Sartre). Max Frisch’s novel Stiller can be read as a literary experiment of achieving the ultimate goal of love and self-acceptance by radical self-negation and negation of the other.
The present contribution deals with the reception of the figure of Alkestis both in Greek antiquity (Euripides) and in German literature around 1900 (Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Rainer Maria Rilke). The contribution shows on the one hand that already Euripides had problems with the dramatic transformation of the antique mythological narrative into a tragic subject. On the other hand it shows that the two modern versions of the narrative of Alkestis around 1900 deal with it quite differently: Hofmannsthal’s free adaptation of the Euripidean Alkestis shifts the subject matter into a Dionysian context, in the light of Schopenhauer’s and Nietzsche’s philosophy, whereas Rilke implants themes and motifs of his own poetry in the narrative of Alkestis and amalgamates them with it.
In the novel "The Land of Green Plums" (1994) the author renders an apocalyptic image of Romania during the communist dictatorship, Timişoara representing the tragic background of the narrated events. From this perspective, language becomes for Herta Müller a way of distancing from the dictatorial system, the author managing to express, through specific processes of language, the circumstances hat generated those events. The aphorisms and the idioms used in the text express the wrong behavior and communication mechanisms of the protagonists, demonstrating the presence of the security forces and of the dictatorship. The author often appeals to repetitions to highlight the continuous threat and the repression force of the authorities. Thus, the language is for Herta Müller a form of resistance against the totalitarian regime and the only place of expressing freedom, even under the dictatorship.
Vorwort (9)
I. Literaturwissenschaft und Landeskunde
Markus FISCHER (Bukarest): Rückkehr ins geschenkte Leben. Der Alkestis-Stoff bei Euripides, Hofmannsthal und Rilke (13)
Ivana PAJIĆ (Novi Sad): Die Funktion des Erzählers bei der Konstruktion des Bildes des Anderen in Saša Stanišićs Roman Wie der Soldat das Grammofon repariert (31)
Francisca SOLOMON (Jassy / Iași): Die Bukowiner Dimension als Erfahrung der „Andersartigkeit“ am Beispiel Alexander Spiegelblatts Kurzerzählung In fartogikn groy [Im Morgengrauen] (41)
Teodora-Bianca MORARU (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Die synästhetische Darstellung der Welt als erotische Reise in Gheorghe Crăciuns Femei albastre (54)
Alina BRUCKNER (Jassy / Iași): Die romantische Stimmung: Kennzeichen der populären Schriftsteller (82)
II. Sprachwissenschaft
Doris SAVA (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Kontaktanzeigen aus sprach- und kulturvergleichender Perspektive. Ausblick auf künftige Forschungsaufgaben (97)
Ellen TICHY (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Deutsch nach der Wende in Mittelosteuropa– Studiengänge der Germanistik, Deutschlehrerausbildung und Deutsch als Berufssprache (116)
Adriana IONESCU (Bukarest): Griechische Sprachfallen des Deutschen. Falsche Freunde zwischen Eros und Thanatos (132)
Ioana CONSTANTIN (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Die Liebe zur Zeit der Einquartierung. Detail aus dem Sittengemälde der Zeit anhand der Besprechung eines Gerichtsprotokolls aus den Beständen des Hermannstädter Judikats (149)
Mihaela PARPALEA (Braşov/Kronstadt): Sprachmode am Beispiel der Trivialpublizistik (166)
III. Übersetzungswissenschaft und -kritik
Lăcrămioara POPA (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Alfred Margul-Sperber - Porträt eines hervorragenden Dichters und Übersetzers (183)
Carmen POPA (Hermannstadt/Sibiu): Ein Hermannstädter Hexenprozess aus dem Jahr 1697. Kulturhistorische und translatologische Betrachtungen (196)
IV. Bücherschau
Delia COTÂRLEA (Braşov/Kronstadt): Rezension (217)
Ewelina WILKOS (Szczecin/Polen): Rezension (222)
Verzeichnis der AutorInnen (226)
Vorwort (9)
I. Literaturwissenschaft und Landeskunde
Markus FISCHER (Bukarest): Vermessene Vermesser – Bestimmungen des Raums in Daniel Kehlmanns Roman Die Vermessung der Welt und in Detlev Bucks gleichnamiger Verfilmung (13)
Carmen Elisabeth Puchianu (Braşov/Kronstadt): Literarische Provinz zwischen Welthaltigkeit und Ortlosigkeit. Zur Performativität des Räumlichen an zwei Beispielen (38)
Maria Sass (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Jedes Gebäude besitzt seine eigene Geschichte. Hermannstadt als literarischer Raum in Erzählungen Joachim Wittstocks (51)
Grazziella Predoiu (Temeswar): Raumkonstellationen in Marlen Hofers Roman Die Wand (66)
Christina Weigel (Erfurt): Symbole zu unsicheren und mehrdeutigen Identitäten im Roman Ascheregen von Joachim Wittstock (89)
Manuel Stübecke (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Schrecken der Peripherie –Vampyre als mehreutiges Grenzphänomen (106)
II. Sprachwissenschaft
Doris Sava (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Areale der Phraseologie (123)
Adina-Lucia Nistor (Jassy): Zur Motivation weltweiter Fluggesellschaften. American Airlines, Tiger Airways, Carpatair, Hello (181)
Sigrid Haldenwang (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Zu
siebenbürgischsächsischen Bezeichnungen für „Hürde, Tiergehege, Einhegung am Felde für das Vieh, besonders für Schafe“, auch nur räumliche Teile derselben; aufgrund der muttersprachlichen Bezeichnungen gebildete verdeutlichende Komposita (194)
Ioana Constantin (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Eine Hexe sollst du nicht am Leben lassen. Zu Hexen und deren Verfolgung in Hermannstadt. Einblick in die Bestände des Hermannstädter Judikats (217)
Liana Regina Iunesch (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Zum Einsatz von DaF-Lehrwerken in Rumänien (235)
Ivana Jeftić (Novi Sad): Die Donauschwaben in Syrmisch Mitrowitz (259)
III. Übersetzungswissenschaft und –kritik
Carmen Popa (Sibiu/Hermannstadt): Translationstheoretische Betrachtungen zu frühneuhochdeutschen Kanzeleitexten aus den Beständen des Hermannstädter Archivs (273)
IV. Bücherschau
Maria Irod (Bukarest): Rezension (287)
Verzeichnis der AutorInnen (295)