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The study of hypernuclei in relativistic ion collisions open new opportunities for nuclear and particle physics. The main processes leading to the production of hypernuclei in these reactions are the disintegration of large excited hyper-residues (target- and projectile-like), and the coalescence of hyperons with other baryons into light clusters. We use the transport, coalescence and statistical models to describe the whole reaction, and demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach: These reactions lead to the abundant production of multi-strange nuclei and new hypernuclear states. A broad distribution of predicted hypernuclei in masses and isospin allows for investigating properties of exotic hypernuclei, as well as the hypermatter both at high and low temperatures. There is a saturation of the hypernuclei production at high energies, therefore, the optimal way to pursue this experimental research is to use the accelerator facilities of intermediate energies, like FAIR (Darmstadt) and NICA (Dubna).
In poet and artist Elena Botts new poetry collection: epochs of morning light, we see a shimmering, variegated new voice; we hear: where the trees still talk to each other, and winter feels like a song... (from When I have died we will be here). We feel the weather of her emotions; a contract with the ethereal and the visceral, as when we stand within the short but large poem: blossoms back to under the earth: I felt your ghost move through me out past the Baltic as though you had been in my heart the whole time. In this sensual canvas, beauty never suffers from loneliness, nor the sublime. Each poem herein as Botts wanders memory and weaves tapestries of word worlds, reveals a true and original voice in modern poetry: allowing light to conquer darkness; darkness to defy the estate of the sun, and colors mixed in ways only an artist of the pen could fathom
The current discussion about a “risk culture” in financial services was triggered by the recent series of financial crises. The last decade saw a long list of hubris, misconduct and criminal activities by human beings on a single or even a collective basis in banks, in the industry or in the whole economy. As a counter-reaction, financial authorities called for a guidance by a “new” risk culture in financial institutions based on a set of abstract, formal, and normative governance processes. While traditional risk research in economics and in banking was focused on the statistical aspects of risk as the probability of loss multiplied by the amount of loss, culture is a paraphrase for the behavior in collectives and dynamics of organization found in human societies. Therefore, a “risk culture” should link the normative concepts of risk with the positive “real-world” decision-making in financial services. This paper will describe a novel view on “risk culture” from the perspective of human beings interacting in dynamical and intertemporal commercial relations. In this context “risk” is perceived by economic agents ex−ante as the consequence of the time lag between the present and the uncertain future development (compared to a probability distribution calculated by observers ex−post). For all those individual decisions—to be made under uncertainty—future “risk” includes the so-called “normal accidents”, i.e., failures that will happen at some uncertain point in time but are inevitable, and the only questions are when failure will happen and how to maintain function in the first line of defense. Finally, the shift from an abstract definition of “risk” as a probability distribution to a role model of “honorable merchants” as a benchmark for significant individual decision-making with individual responsibilities for the uncertain future outcome provides a new framework to discuss the responsibilities in the financial industry.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting children and adolescence. The traditional therapeutic options for AD, including emollients topically and immune modulatory agents systemically focusing on reducing skin inflammation and restoring the function of the epidermal barrier, are proven ineffective in many cases. Several studies have linked vitamin D supplementation with either a decreased risk to develop AD or a clinical improvement of the symptoms of AD patients. In this report, we present a girl with severe AD who under adequate supplementation with cholecalciferol was treated with calcitriol and subsequently with paricalcitol. She had significant improvement—almost healing of her skin lesions within 2 months, a result sustained for more than 3 years now. Because of hypercalciuria as a side effect from calcitriol therapy, treatment was continued with paricalcitol, a vitamin D analogue used in secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease. Calcitriol therapy may be considered as a safe and efficacious treatment option for patients with severe AD, particularly for those with refractory AD, under monitoring for possible side effects. Treatment with paricalcitol resolves hypercalciuria, is safe, and should be further investigated as an alternative treatment of atopic dermatitis and possibly other diseases of autoimmune origin.
The contribution of upper body movements to dynamic balance regulation during challenged locomotion
(2018)
Recent studies suggest that in addition to movements between ankle and hip joints, movements of the upper body, in particular of the arms, also significantly contribute to postural control. In line with these suggestions, we analyzed regulatory movements of upper and lower body joints supporting dynamic balance regulation during challenged locomotion. The participants walked over three beams of varying width and under three different verbally conveyed restrictions of arm posture, to control the potential influence of arm movements on the performance: The participants walked with their arms stretched out perpendicularly in the frontal plane, spontaneously, i.e., without restrictions to the arm movements, and with their hands on their thighs. After applying an inverse-dynamics analysis to the measured joint kinematics, we investigated the contribution of upper and lower body joints to balance regulation in terms of torque amplitude and variation. On the condition with the hands on the thighs, the contribution of the upper body remains significantly lower than the contribution of the lower body irrespective of beam widths. For spontaneous arm movements and for outstretched arms we find that the upper body (including the arms) contributes to the balancing to a similar extent as the lower body. Moreover, when the task becomes more difficult, i.e., for narrower beam widths, the contribution of the upper body increases, while the contribution of the lower body remains nearly constant. These findings lend further support to the hypothetical existence of an "upper body strategy" complementing the ankle and hip strategies especially during challenging dynamic balance tasks.
Buchstäblich auf der Flucht rutschte Kurt Goldstein sein Hauptwerk aus der Feder. Im Frühjahr 1934, während eines Zwischenaufenthalts in Amsterdam, schrieb er binnen weniger Monate "Der Aufbau des Organismus: Einführung in die Biologie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Erfahrungen am kranken Menschen". In diesem Buch entfaltete Goldstein seine auf der Basis von klinischen Erfahrungen gewonnenen physiologischen Anschauungen zu einer allgemeinen Theorie des Organismus. Zentraler Gedanke dieser Theorie war die These, dass sich die Leistungsvielfalt eines Organismus nicht als Summe möglichst exakt zu zergliedernder Einzelreaktionen beschreiben, sondern nur aus dem Gefüge ihres Zusammenwirkens erfassen lasse.
Two obligate cave-dwelling species of cyclopoid copepods (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) were discovered inside caves in central Thailand. Siamcyclops cavernicolus gen. et sp. nov. was recognised as as a member of a new genus. It resembles Bryocyclops jankowskajae Monchenko, 1972 from Uzbekistan (part of the former USSR). It differs from it by (1) lack of pointed triangular prominences on the intercoxal sclerite of the fourth swimming leg, (2) mandibular palp with three setae, (3) spine and setal formulae of swimming legs 3.3.3.2 and 5.5.5.5, respectively, and (4) specific shape of spermatophore. Metacyclops thailandicus sp. nov. resembles M. cushae Reid, 1991 from Louisiana (USA). It differs from it by (1) distal segment of the endopod of the fourth swimming leg with one apical spine, (2) the fifth swimming legs with one broad segment, (3) the spine formula of the distal segment of the exopod of the swimming legs 3.4.3.3, and (4) well developed anal operculum reaching articulation with caudal rami. Detailed descriptions of the habitats of the new species and up-to-date keys to the genera and subgenera of the Bryocyclops and Microcyclops groups are provided, along with an updated list of obligate groundwater species of Copepoda in Southeast Asia.
Kaum eine Zeit steht so sehr für die sexuelle Befreiung und Sprengung familialer Strukturen wie die 1968er (vgl. Herzog 2005). Kaum ein Märchen steht in der psychoanalytischen Deutung so sehr für den sexuellen Reifungsprozess und das Unabhängigwerden eines Kindes wie Der Froschkönig. Der vorliegende Artikel greift diese Verbindung auf, da gerade während der 68er-Bewegung verschiedene Wasser- und Amphibienfiguren in der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur (KJL) vorkommen, die stark an die Motive des Märchens erinnern. Besonders prominente Beispiele hierfür sind: Christine Nöstlingers Wir pfeifen auf den Gurkenkönig von 1972 sowie Mirjam Presslers Erzählung Goethe in der Kiste, die zwar erst 1987 erschienen ist, jedoch deutliche Züge des anti-autoritären Gedankenguts der Protestkultur aufweist. Diesen Texten ist gemein, dass ihre Motive augenscheinlich von einem Märchen geprägt sind, das von der Psychoanalyse als Sinnbild für den Reifungsvorgang eines Kindes bewertet wird, welches sich aus seiner inzestuösen Verstricktheit mit dem Vater lösen muss. Während Presslers Buch den Froschkönig explizit anzitiert, kann Nöstlingers Gurkenkönig als eine Schwell- und Schwellenfigur gelesen werden, die ähnliche Prozesse in Gang setzt wie die Märchengestalt. ...
While the early and asymptomatic recognition of treatable conditions offered by newborn screening confers clear health benefits for the affected child, the clinical referral of patients with screen positive results can cause significant harm for some families. The use of pivalate-containing antibiotics and more recently the inclusion of neopentanoate as a component within moisturising creams used as nipple balms by nursing mothers can result in a significant number of false positive results when screening for isovaleric acidaemia (IVA) by measuring C5 acylcarnitine. A recent survey conducted within centres from nine countries indicated that this form of contamination had been or was a significant confounding factor in the detection of IVA in seven of the nine who responded. In three of these seven the prominent cause was believed to derive from the use of moisturising creams and in another three from antibiotics containing pivalate; one country reported that the cause was mixed. As a result, four of these seven centres routinely perform second tier testing to resolve C5 isobars when an initial C5 result is elevated, and a fifth is considering making this change within their national programme. The use of creams containing neopentanoate by nursing mothers and evolving patterns in the prescription of pivalate-containing antibiotics during pregnancy require those involved in the design and operation of newborn screening programmes used to detect IVA and the doctors who receive clinical referrals from these programmes to maintain an awareness of the potential impact of this form of interference on patient results.
Es werden vier Arten mit purpurn gefärbten Blattstielen beschrieben. Sie besiedeln besonders Gebiete mit schweren, lehmigen Böden. Draba kohlscheidensis und D. strigosula sind Arten mit eher kurzen Schötchen und hauptsächlich einfachen Haaren und Gabelhaaren, die in diesen Merkmalen D. praecox ähneln. D. aquisgranensis ist eine kräftige Art mit recht langen Schötchen und intermediär geteilten Haaren. Sie ähnelt typischem D. verna s. l. D. acutidentata vermittelt morphologisch zwischen D. glabrescens s. l. und D. verna s. l. und ist charakterisiert durch auffallend schmale Blätter mit unregelmäßig angeordneten, scharfen Zähnen.
Neuerdings werden in der ursprünglich nordamerikanischen Epilobium ciliatum-Gruppe drei Arten unterschieden. Intensive Studien im Aachener Raum haben gezeigt, dass weitere Sippen existieren. Im vorliegenden ersten Teil werden die Sippen, die morphologisch E. glandulosum entsprechen oder nahe stehen, besprochen. Neben E. glandulosum wird eine bisher nicht beachtete Sippe als E. pallidiglandulosum neu beschrieben. Sie unterscheidet sich von E. glandulosum unter anderem durch kleinere, zartrosa bis weißlich gefärbte Blüten, bleich- oder schwach blaugrün gefärbte Blätter und abweichend geformte Samen. Hybriden von E. glandulosum mit anderen Sippen der E. ciliatum-Gruppe werden vorgestellt.
Por ocasião do bicentenário da viagem dos naturalistas alemães Spix e Martius pelo Brasil (1817-1820), um grupo de pesquisadores ligados ao Instituto Martius Staden (São Paulo) refez em março de 2017 um trecho daquela expedição: de Ouro Preto a Diamantina. O principal objetivo foi estudar as continuidades e as mudanças ocorridas ao longo desses 200 anos. Estes foram os lugares visitados: 1) Ouro Preto, a antiga Vila Rica, capital da província de Minas Gerais; 2) no distrito de Mariana, as comunidades de Bento Rodrigues e Paracatu, destruídas pelo desastre ambiental ocorrido em 2015; 3) o Parque Nacional e o Santuário da Serra do Caraça, fundado em 1774; 4) as cidades de Sabará e do Serro, antiga Vila do Príncipe, e o Pico do Itambé (2052 metros), na Serra do Espinhaço, a divisa entre os biomas da Mata Atlântica e do Cerrado; e 5) a cidade de Diamantina, antigo Arraial de Tijuco, e seus arredores, incluindo um local de garimpagem.
Towards a visual middle voice : crisis, dispossession, and spectrality in Spain's hologram protest
(2018)
As a legitimizing mechanism for a doctrine of 'no alternatives,' crisis rhetoric tends to rely on distinctions between 'right' and 'wrong' that often turn political decisions into pseudo-choices between a legitimate and an illegitimate (even catastrophic) alternative. This binary logic also pervades the ways subjects are cast in this rhetoric as either active or passive, guilty or innocent, masters or victims. [...] The rhetorical reliance on the oppositions of passive/active or victims/perpetrators extends to several contexts of 'crisis' in Europe today, as Maria Boletsi shows. Against the backdrop of the crisis rhetoric and the monologic narratives and dualistic distinctions it produces, the need for alternative forms of expression is amplified. In this article, Boletsi makes a case for the "middle voice" as an expressive modality that can introduce alternative 'grammars' of subjectivity and agency to those on which dominant crisis rhetoric hinges. [...] To that end, Boletsi centers on a peculiar public protest in front of the Spanish Parliament in Madrid in April 2015, opposing a (then) newly introduced Spanish law—the "Law of Citizen Security" - which significantly restricted the citizens' freedom of assembly and expression in the name of security and crisis-management. Unlike any other protest, this one was not carried out by actual people, but by holographic projections of protesters. This 'hologram protest' put forward a form of dispossession, whereby bodies asserted presence in public space through their absence. Unsettling the boundaries between fiction and reality, materiality and immateriality, power and impotence, past and present, the protest fostered a spectral space that functioned as a visual analogue of the middle voice. The spectral subjectivity that this 'ghost march' enacted, both underscored and challenged politically induced conditions of dispossession and precarity, through and against these conditions. As a result, the protest recast crisis as a critical threshold from which alternative narratives of the present and the future can emerge.
Der Goldstandard zur Detektion eines erhöhten intrakraniellen Drucks ist das invasive Monitoring, z. B. mittels externer Ventrikeldrainage bei Intensivpatienten bzw. die Lumbalpunktion mit Messung des Liquoreröffnungsdrucks. Die am häufigsten angewendete klinische Untersuchung zum Ausschluss eines erhöhten ICP ist die Funduskopie. In den letzten 30 Jahren wurden zwei ultraschallbasierte Untersuchungsmethoden beschrieben um einen erhöhten ICP zu detektieren und die Funduskopie zu diesem Zweck zu ersetzen. Das Ziel unserer Studie war es, die Messung des Durchmessers der Sehnervenscheide (optic nerve sheat diameter, ONSD), der Undulation des Septum pellucidum (septum pellucidum undulation, SPU) hervorgerufen durch passive Rotation des Kopfes, und die Funduskopie mit einer invasiven Hirndruckmessung zu vergleichen. Der ONSD wurde mittels transbulbärer B-Mode Sonographie gemessen, für die Ermittlung der SPU wurde eine transtemporale M-Mode Sonographie durchgeführt. Zunächst schlossen wir gesunde Probanden ein, um die intrarater- und interrater- Reproduzierbarkeit der Ultraschalluntersuchungen zu berechnen. Die intrarater Reproduzierbarkeit des ONSD betrug 0,65 bis 0,84 und die interrater Reproduzierbarkeit war zwischen 0,69 und 0,91 (n=10). Die intrarater Reproduzierbarkeit der SPU war 0,29 und die interrater Reproduzierbarkeit ergab 0,26 (n=15). Anschließend untersuchten wir 45 Patienten, die für eine invasive Hirndruckmessung vorgesehen waren. Auch hier ermittelten wir die SPU und den ONSD, zusätzlich erfolgte die Funduskopie zum Ausschluss oder Bestätigung einer Stauungspapille. Die Sensitivität und Spezifität der drei Untersuchungen zur Ermittlung einer Erhöhung des intrakraniellen Drucks auf über 20 cm H2O wurden berechnet. Die Sensitivität der Funduskopie betrug 87,5% bei einer Spezifität von 25%. Im Vergleich hierzu betrug die Sensitivität der beiden Sonographieverfahren in Kombination 80% bei einer Spezifität von 100%. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass es zusätzlich zur Funduskopie sensitive und spezifische klinische Untersuchungsmethoden gibt zur Detektion eines erhöhten intrakraniellen Drucks im Alltag. Die Messung des ONSD und der SPU können nützliche Alternativen zur Funduskopie darstellen, optimalerweise in Kombination.
Are stereotypes possible pillars supporting the learning of a foreign language or are they possible sources of intercultural misunderstandings? In most coursebooks, intercultural materials are embedded in teaching units. The understanding of others is closely related to the understanding of someone's own culture as well as the target culture. Only when someone is aware of the own culture, then the target culture can be understood. In foreign language learning, it plays an important role, so that the knowledge of language structures alone is not enough to use the language successfully. At the same time, it requires cultural knowledge of the target language culture. This study focuses on the effects of culture-based fossilized prejudices on foreign language learning and to show the quantity of these stereotypes in given coursebooks. A coursebook analysis reveals to what extent stereotypes can be found in the respective GFL and TFL coursebooks. A compile of given stereotypes create an overall picture of foreign cultures. To what extent this overall picture reflects the reality has been handled at the end of this study
Este artigo se propõe a discutir algumas questões de interesse tradutológico referentes às três traduções brasileiras (1950; 1977; 2017) da obra Der Witz und seine Beziehung zum Unbewussten, de Sigmund Freud - cuja primeira publicação data de 1905. Parte-se de argumentos expostos em um debate entre o poeta e tradutor brasileiro Haroldo de Campos e o tradutor francês de Freud, Jean Laplanche, acerca das possibilidades de traduzir os chistes citados por Freud no referido livro, para identificar as diferentes estratégias adotadas pelos tradutores brasileiros. Longe de apresentar uma análise completa das diversas versões ou um cotejo exaustivo entre o original e as três (re)traduções, o que este trabalho visa é defender que elas constituem aproximações diferentes – porém todas válidas e potencialmente relevantes para o leitor-alvo - em relação a determinados aspectos da obra "original".
Comparative proteomics reveals a diagnostic signature for pulmonary head‐and‐neck cancer metastasis
(2018)
Patients with head‐and‐neck cancer can develop both lung metastasis and primary lung cancer during the course of their disease. Despite the clinical importance of discrimination, reliable diagnostic biomarkers are still lacking. Here, we have characterised a cohort of squamous cell lung (SQCLC) and head‐and‐neck (HNSCC) carcinomas by quantitative proteomics. In a training cohort, we quantified 4,957 proteins in 44 SQCLC and 30 HNSCC tumours. A total of 518 proteins were found to be differentially expressed between SQCLC and HNSCC, and some of these were identified as genetic dependencies in either of the two tumour types. Using supervised machine learning, we inferred a proteomic signature for the classification of squamous cell carcinomas as either SQCLC or HNSCC, with diagnostic accuracies of 90.5% and 86.8% in cross‐ and independent validations, respectively. Furthermore, application of this signature to a cohort of pulmonary squamous cell carcinomas of unknown origin leads to a significant prognostic separation. This study not only provides a diagnostic proteomic signature for classification of secondary lung tumours in HNSCC patients, but also represents a proteomic resource for HNSCC and SQCLC.
The illiberal turn in Europe has many facets. Of particular concern are Member States in which ruling majorities uproot the independence of the judiciary. For reasons well described in the Verfassungsblog, the current focus is on Poland. Since the Polish development is emblematic for a broader trend, more is at stake than the rule of law in that Member State alone (as if that were not enough). If the Polish emblematic development is not resisted, illiberal democracies might start co-defining the European constitutional order, in particular, its rule of law-value in Article 2 TEU. Accordingly, the conventional liberal self-understanding of Europe could easily erode, with tremendous implications.